IL-1 alpha and il-8levels during gram-negative and gram-positive bacteremia in leukopenia leukemic patients

A quantitative relationships between circulating leukocytes and infection was established in patients with leukemia, in particular, the probability of being infected is proportional to the severity and duration of leukopenia [1]. Infection with gram- negative as well as gram-positive microorganisms may lead to septic shock and death [2, 3]. The major functional activities of cytokines are concerned with the regulation of the development and behavior of the immune effector cells. IL-1 is one of proximal cytokines. IL-1 act to stimulate the release of distal cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-8, IL-8 is most closely related to the severity of the physiological response to infection and systemic inflammation. This study was conducted to detect the levels of IL-1 and IL-8 during Gram negative and Gram positive bacteremia. That could be useful in determining an appropriate choice for antimicrobial drug depending on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. IL-1 alpha and IL-8 was studied in [28] adult leukopenic patient with bacteremia, males and females, more than 15 years old. The study was including [20] healthy control. The bacteremic cases were obtained by culturing blood samples aerobically and anaerobically. The isolates were identified on the basis of their morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-8 cocentration were measured by using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. Statistical analysis show no significant difference in IL-1 alpha levels between Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteremia in leukopenic leukemia patients [P=0.803]. While statistical analysis show significant difference between patient with Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteremia in leukopenic leukemia patients [P=0.037]. In leukopenic leukemia patients with bacteremia we may could determining an appropriate choice for treatment depending on IL-8 levels in the circulation of those patients and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern

Brucellosis in children in south Jordan

Retrospectively we evaluated the records of 68 children with brucellosis. We found 58.2% had consumed unpasteurized milk and dairy products. Nonspecific manifestations included: arthralgia [78%], fever [75%] and sweating [60%]. Localized manifestations included limping [75%] and arthritis [54%]. Leukopenia was found in 51% of children and anaemia in 24%. Brucella species was cultured for blood of 16 [23.5%] patients. Combination therapy containing streptomycin was more effective than gentamicin combinations

In vitro induction of human polymorphonuclear leuckocyte damage by junin virus

Diferentes modelos experimentales, utilizando cepas patógenas de virus Junín (VJ), han reproducido la característica leucopenia con que cursa la enfermedad humana. Los mecanismos responsables de esta leucopenia son poco conocidos. Con el fin de indagar si el VJ posee algún efecto citopatógeno directo sobre leucocitos polimorfonucleares (PMN), se incubó una suspensión de PMN humanos con VJ, cepa XJCl3. Las células se obtuvieron de doadores sanos de banco de sangre y fueron separados en gradientes de Ficoll Hypaque, lográndose 98% de pureza. Se obtuvieron muestras secuenciales del sobrenadante y de las células para determinación de actividad enzimática (peroxidasa, betaglucuronidasa y lisozina), titulación de VJ y estudios morfológicos con microscopía de luz y electrónica. Se observó una pérdida gradual y constante de las granulaciones citoplásmicas entre las 2 y 10 horas post-infección (pi) disminución del número de células viables según prueba de exclusión de azul tripan, entre las 10 y 20 horas pi y un aumento de la concentración de enzimas lisosomales en el sobrenadante a partir de las 10h pi. Aparentemente no hubo replicación viral ya que luego de las 11h pi no pudo rescatarse infectividad por medio de técnicas convencionales. Para la producción de estos efectos, el virus necesita poseer su capacidad infectante intacta ya que el tratamiento previo con irradiación ultravioleta o con suero inmune anti-VJ previene cambios. Estas observaciones indican que el virus Junín infectante induce alteraciones tempranas irreversibles sobre los PMN