Psychological well-being in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation

The aim of the study is to determine the psychological well-being of patients who underwent stem cell transplantation. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 patients. Data were collected face-to-face using an introductory information form and the Brief Symptom Inventory.When the results of the patients were examined, the interpersonal sensitivity of the sub-dimensions of the scale was found to be 5.0 ± 4.06, depression 7.60 ± 5.37, and anxiety disorder 7.90 ± 5.34. There was a significant difference between the diagnosistime of the patients and all sub-factors of the scale, except phobic anxiety. It was found that the psychological state of the patients was directly related to the time of first diagnosis. As a result, the importance of following the psychological processof the patients during the treatment process was revealed when planning nursing care.

Psicanálise e política: a hostilidade contemporânea frente ao novo / Psicoanálisis y política: la hostilidad contemporánea frente al nuevo / Psychoanalysis and politics: contemporary hostility to the new

RESUMO. O presente artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa teórica em psicanálise ainda em andamento, que se dedica a investigar possíveis dispositivos no interior da racionalidade contemporânea que operam de forma hostil a processos passíveis de inscrever uma novidade radical. A história mostra que algumas insurreições e formas de resistência popular, que pareciam demonstrar a potência de produzir uma novidade, resultaram, no entanto, num retrocesso ou numa outra forma de alienação, com semblante de novidade, explicitando a presença de um impasse em torno da concepção do novo. Diante disso, esta pesquisa lança mão do conceito lacaniano de ato analítico e da noção de acontecimento em Alain Badiou, a fim de identificar indicadores passíveis de instituir uma novidade com potência política de transformação radical. Tanto a clínica quanto a política evidenciam que a produção de uma novidade exige uma ruptura abrupta e contingente, fora de qualquer ordem estabelecida pelo saber. O novo advém em desarticulação com o campo dos saberes existentes, compreendendo, pois, uma invenção singular, que não encontra lugar no horizonte previsível e calculável, do qual se nutre a razão neoliberal.

Resumen: El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación teórica en psicoanálisis aún en marcha, que se dedica a investigar posibles dispositivos en el interior de la racionalidad contemporánea que operan de forma hostil a procesos pasibles de inscribir una novedad radical. La historia muestra que algunas insurrecciones y formas de resistencia popular, que parecían demostrar la potencia de producir una novedad, sin embargo, resultaron en un retroceso o en otra forma de alienación, con semblante de novedad, explicitando la presencia de un impasse en torno a la situación concepción de lo nuevo. En este sentido, esta investigación se desprende del concepto lacaniano de acto analítico y de la noción de Acontecimiento en Alain Badiou, a fin de identificar indicadores pasibles de instituir una novedad con potencia política de transformación radical. Tanto la clínica como la política evidencian que la producción de una novedad exige una ruptura abrupta y contingente, fuera de cualquier orden establecida por el saber. El nuevo viene en desarticulación con el campo de los saberes existentes, comprendiendo, pues, una invención singular, que no encuentra lugar en el horizonte previsible y calculable, del cual se nutre la razón neoliberal.

ABSTRACT: The present article is the result of a theoretical research in psychoanalysis still ongoing dedicated to investigate possible devices within the contemporary rationality operating in a hostile way to processes capable of inscribing a radical new. History shows that some insurrections and forms of popular resistance, which seemed to demonstrate the power to produce a new, resulted in a retrogression or another form of alienation, with a semblance of new, making explicit the presence of an impasse around the conception of the new. Therefore, the research makes use of the Lacanian concept of analytical act and the notion of Event in Alain Badiou, in order to identify indicators capable of instituting a new with political power for radical transformation. Both clinic and politics show that the production of a novelty requires a sudden and contingent break, outside any order established by knowledge. The new comes in disarticulation with the field of existing knowledge, thus comprising a unique invention, which finds no place in the predictable and calculable horizon, which nurtures neoliberal reason.

Maltrato Laboral en Urología: "Rompiendo la Cuarta Pared" / Workplace Abuse in Urology: "Breaking the Fourth Wall"

Con respecto al artículo "Percepción de acoso o discriminación durante la residencia de urología en Colombia" publicado recientemente,[1] se abarca el tema del maltrato laboral como factor de riesgo para agotamiento al promover un ambiente laboral hostil. Los autores concluyen que dichos comportamientos tienen una alta frecuencia y afectan la calidad del trabajo, así como la salud mental de los individuos. Dichos hallazgos van de la mano de reportes previos, en los cuales, además del acoso laboral, se incluye el acoso sexual como un común denominador de todos los campos científicos, particularmente en la medicina. Hasta el 50% de las estudiantes informan haber sufrido acoso sexual, entendiéndose este como una serie de comportamientos verbales y no verbales que transmiten hostilidad, objetivación, exclusión o estatus de segunda clase sobre los miembros de un género, siendo las mujeres las más frecuentemente involucradas.[2] Aún cuando la afluencia de mujeres en el campo de la medicina ha venido en aumento, la profesión sigue estando fuertemente marcada por el género, con los hombres dominando especialidades técnicas e instrumentales como la cirugía,[3] por lo tanto se puede prestar para tales conductas al propiciar la tolerancia organizacional hacia dicho proceder.

With respect to the article "Perception of harassment or discrimination during urology residency in Colombia" published recently,[1] covers the topic of labor mistreatment as a risk factor for burnout by promoting a hostile work environment. The authors conclude that such behaviors have a high frequency and affect the quality of work, as well as the mental health of individuals. These findings are in line with previous reports, in which, in addition to workplace harassment, sexual harassment is included as a common denominator in all scientific fields, particularly in medicine. Up to 50% of female students report having suffered sexual harassment, understood as a series of verbal and nonverbal behaviors that convey hostility, objectification, exclusion, or second-class status over members of one gender, with women being the most frequently involved. [2] Although the influx of women into the medical field has been increasing, the profession remains strongly gendered, with men dominating technical and instrumental specialties such as surgery,[3] thus lending itself to such behaviors by fostering organizational tolerance of such behavior.

DSM-5 Pathological Personality Traits Among College Students / Rasgos de Personalidad Patológica según el DSM-5 en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios

Abstract Individuals with personality pathology exhibit significant impairment in intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning that compromise psychological welfare of significant others. However, common pathological personality traits in college students remain unclear. This study aimed to describe pathological personality traits identified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., DSM-5) Section III alternative model of personality disorder in college students. This is a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study. Participants were 81 college students from a Colombian University who were administered the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Findings suggest that women scored significantly higher than men on hostility (z=-2.577; p=0.01; n 2 = 0.082). A medium size effect was found (p> 0.039) through the ( 2 index. The remaining variables did not prove statistically significant differences when controlling the participant gender (p < 0.05). The personality domain that reached the most dysfunctionality was disinhibition (risk taking, impulsivity, rigid perfectionism). Negative affect had the highest mean score and gender differences in facets and domains showed that women scored significantly higher than men on hostility. However, more studies into the pathological personality traits established by the PID-5 is required if the shift to a dimensional model is likely to occur in future editions of the DSM.

Resumen Las personas con patologías de la personalidad exhiben un deterioro significativo en el funcionamiento inter-intrapersonal que compromete el bienestar psicológico de los más cercanos. Sin embargo, los rasgos de personalidad patológica más comunes en estudiantes universitarios aún no son muy claros. Este estudio busca describir los rasgos de personalidad patológica identificados en el manual diagnóstico y estadístico de trastornos mentales (DSM-5), en estudiantes universitarios. Este es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, no experimental. Los participantes fueron 81 estudiantes del programa de psicología de una Universidad Colombiana quienes fueron evaluados por medio del Inventario de personalidad para el DSM-5. Los hallazgos sugieren que las mujeres tuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más altas que los hombres en hostilidad (z=-2.577; p=0.01; n 2 = 0.082). Se encontró un tamaño del efecto medio (p> 0.039) por medio del índice ( 2 . En las demás variables no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto al género (p < 0.05). Inhibición presentó el grado más alto de disfuncionalidad. Afecto negativo obtuvo la puntuación promedio más alta y las diferencias de género muestran que las mujeres tienden a ser más hostiles que los hombres. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios sobre los rasgos de personalidad patológica propuestos por el Inventario de personalidad para el DSM-5 si a futuro se propone un modelo dimensional.

Estudio Transversal: Conducta de agresión en estudiantes de quinto año de secundaria de cuatro instituciones educativas periféricas de Lima, Perú / Cross-Sectional Study: Aggressive behavior in fifth year high school students of peripheral schools of Lima, Perú

INTRODUCCIÓN: El problema relacionado con la agresión entre escolares se ha exacerbado en los últimos años, afectando al bienestar de los involucrados, tanto en el contexto educativo, como social y cultural. De esta manera, se ha constituido como una variable de estudio en las Ciencias Sociales; misma que puede ser abordada desde diversos enfoques. La intensidad de este problema, impacta negativamente a niños, niñas y adolescentes. Numerosos estudios reportan que los eventos de violencia y/o agresión en las escuelas, pueden generar en los escolares daños físicos y emocionales, dificultad en el aprendizaje por trastorno de estrés postraumático, desmotivación, ausentismo y deserción escolar. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo establecer el nivel de agresión en estudiantes de quinto año de secundaria de instituciones educativas en Lima, Perú. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo, de corte transversal, cuantitativo. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Agresión de Buss y Perry, adaptado al contexto. La evidencia de validez de contenido se obtuvo con el coeficiente V de Aiken (0.80) por cada ítem y dimensión. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Los datos se presentan en tablas, mediante frecuencias y porcentajes. RESULTADOS: El estudio se aplicó en una muestra de 274 adolescentes de 15 a 18 años. Entre los participantes, se encontraron altos niveles de agresión (54.8%; Nivel alto: 38.6%, Nivel muy alto: 16.2%), con un predominio en el sexo masculino equivalente al 43%, frente a un 34% en las mujeres. En las dimensiones estudiadas, se encontró que los estudiantes alcanzaron puntuaciones altas, en la agresión verbal (40%), seguido de la agresión física y la hostilidad (38%) y finalmente en la ira (37%). CONCLUSIÓN: Luego del procesamiento de datos, se encontraron niveles altos de agresión en los estudiantes de quinto año de secundaria de las zonas periféricas de Lima. Con respecto al género, se halló un predominio de la agresión de nivel alto en los varones frente a las mujeres. En cuanto a las dimensiones estudiadas de la variable agresión, se encontró una preponderancia en la agresión verbal, seguida de la agresión física y la hostilidad y finalmente la ira.

BACKGROUND: Aggression among schoolchildren is a growing problem, affecting their educational, social and cultural well-being. In this context, aggression has become an aim of study for Social Sciences, from various approaches. The intensity of this problem negatively impacts on children and adolescents lives. Numerous studies report that events of violence and/or aggression in schools can generate physical and emotional damage to schoolchildren, learning difficulties due to post-traumatic stress disorder, demotivation, absenteeism and school dropout. The aim of this study was to establish the level of aggression in fifth-year high school students from high schools in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative exploratory study. The Buss and Perry, Aggression Questionnaire was applied and adapted to the context. The content validity was obtained with Aiken's V coefficient (0.80) for each item and dimension. The Kolmogorov- Smirnov normality test was used for data analysis. Data is presented in charts, with frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: The study was applied to a sample of 274 adolescents, aged 15 to 18 years. High levels of aggression were found in the students (54.8%; High aggression level: 38.6%, very high aggression level: 16.2%), with a predominance in the male group (43%), compared to 34% in women. Regarding the aggression dimensions, we found high levels, in verbal aggression (40%), followed by physical aggression and hostility (38%) and finally anger (37%). CONCLUSION: After data processing, high levels of aggression were found among fifth-year high schools students from peripheral areas of Lima. Regarding gender, a predominance of high-level aggression was found in males over females. About aggression dimensions, we found a high level of verbal aggression, followed by physical aggression and hostility, finally by anger.

As problemáticas na diferenciação entre mães e filhas: um estudo de caso / Las problemáticas en la diferenciación entre madres e hijas: un estudio de caso / The problems in the differentiation between mothers and daughters: a case study

O presente trabalho visa investigar as dinâmicas psicológicas das relações entre mães e filhas, utilizando como base a perspectiva psicanalítica. Mais especificamente, buscou-se compreender as problemáticas existentes quando há um grau elevado de indiferenciação entre a menina e sua mãe. Para isso, realizou-se uma articulação entre um estudo de caso e conceitos da psicanálise que fundamentam as cenas clínicas apresentadas. O estudo de caso concretizou-se a partir de um atendimento psicológico de uma criança que apresentava importantes sofrimentos oriundos de uma dificuldade de separação da figura materna. Assim, pretende-se fornecer uma melhor compreensão a respeito das vicissitudes de uma relação simbiótica com a mãe e as consequências de tal para a constituição da vida psíquica da mulher.

Este trabajo pretende investigar cómo la dinámica psicológica de las relaciones entre madres e hijas, como base de la perspectiva psicoanalítica. Más específicamente, pretendemos comprender los problemas que pueden surgir en una relación altamente indiferenciada entre madre e hija. Por lo tanto, se pretende proporcionar una mejor comprensión de la relación simbiótica con una madre y sus consecuencias para la constitución psíquica de las niñas. A partir de este estudio de caso, se lleva a cabo una discusión en línea con nuestros conceptos teóricos constructivos que diferentes autores del psicoanálisis han realizado sobre el tema de la transmisión de la feminidad entre madres e hijas.

This work aims to investigate how the psychological dynamics of relations between mothers and daughters, as a basis the psychoanalytic perspective. More specifically, we intend to comprehend the problems that may emerge in a highly undifferentiated relationship between mother and daughter. Thus, it is intended to provide a better understanding of the symbiotic relationship with a mother and its consequences for the the girls psychic constitution. Departing from this case study, a discussion is carried out in line with our constructive theoretical concepts that different authors of psychoanalysis have made on the subject of the transmission of femininity between mothers and daughters.

Violência social e ética nas instituições de ensino / Social violence and ethics in teaching institutions / Violencia social y ética en las instituciones educativas

O artigo versa sobre o entrelaçamento da violência inerente aos diferentes âmbitos sociais com a violência presente na instituição escolar. É relatada uma situação de violência ocorrida em uma escola pública de Porto Alegre, com base na qual se discutem os vários níveis envolvidos no engendramento do episódio. Destaca-se neste o aspecto ético da violência. Discussões teóricas relacionadas ao tema promovem o embasamento e aprofundamento da visão dos autores sobre as vicissitudes do social na instituição escola (AU)

This paper presents the entanglement of violence concerning different social fields with violence at school. The authors describe a situation of violence occurred in a public school in Porto Alegre and, based on that, the several spheres involved in originating the episode are discussed. The ethical aspect of violence is also underlined. Furthermore, the authors' perspective concerning the social and its vicissitudes in teaching institutions is illustrated and deepened thanks to theoretical discussions related to the topic

El artículo aborda el entrelazamiento de la violencia inherente a las diferentes áreas sociales con la violencia presente en la institución escolar. Relatase una situación de violencia que ocurrió en una escuela pública en Porto Alegre, con base en la cual se discuten los diversos niveles involucrados en la generación del episodio. Resaltase en este el aspecto ético de la violencia. Las discusiones teóricas relacionadas con el tema promueven el embasamiento y la profundización de la opinión de los autores sobre las vicisitudes de lo social en la institución escolar

Specifics of psychological and pedagogic correction of deviani behavior in younger adolescents with intellectual disability

Problem and aim. Deviant behavior is not only an alarming phenomenon but also a multitude of social, pedagogic and psychological problems that threaten the society and that became particularly relevant for the young adolescents with intellectual disability. Therefore, the aim of the present article is to reveal the specifics of correctional and developmental work with such children that would provide appropriate interpersonal interaction in the adolescence and the further positive socialization. Methods. The presented study was conducted in three stages (exploratory-preparatory, experimental and control-generalizing stages) with the use of the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. Results and discussion. The results showed that the predominant from of the deviant behavior was hostility and violence, as well as a tendency for addictive behavior. Diagnostics of the dominant indices of hostility and aggressiveness demonstrated that the aggressiveness index dominated in the majority of adolescents. The majority of adolescents had a very high or high level of indirect hostility and assault, along with suspicion. The correctional program provides correctional effect for the adolescents with low and medium level of proneness to the deviant behavior

Psychometric parameters of the subscale of hostility from the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) / Parâmetros psicométricos da subescala de hostilidade da Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) / Parámetros psicométricos de la subescala de hostilidad de la Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90)

The present study aimed to know the psychometric parameters of the SCL-90 hostility scale. For this, two studies were traced; In Study 1, 209 students, mean age 16 years (SD = 1.29), who responded to the Scale of Hostility and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The exploratory factorial analysis indicated a unidimensional structure, whose Cronbach's alpha was.71. In Study 2, we sought to find additional evidence of validity and reliability counting with 212 students with a mean age of 16 years (SD = 1.19). The confirmatory factorial analysis tested the unifactorial structure and pointed to good adjustment indexes; good internal consistency and composite reliability were also observed. In general, the Scale of Hostility provided evidence of satisfactory validity and reliability. (AU)

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer os parâmetros psicométricos da subescala de hostilidade da SCL-90. Para isso, traçou-se dois estudos; no Estudo 1 buscou-se conhecer evidências de validade e precisão da subescala de hostilidade. Contou-se com 209 estudantes, com média de 16 anos de idade (DP = 1,29), os quais responderam a Subescala de Hostilidade e um questionário sociodemográfico. A análise fatorial exploratória indicou uma estrutura unifatorial, cujo alfa de Cronbach foi 0,71. No Estudo 2 buscou-se encontrar evidências adicionais de validade e precisão contando-se com 212 alunos com média de idade de 16 anos (DP = 1,19). A análise fatorial confirmatória testou a estrutura unifatorial e apontou para bons índices de ajuste; também se verificaram bons índices de consistência interna e confiabilidade composta. De modo geral, a Subescala de Hostilidade apresentou evidências de validade e precisão satisfatórias. (AU)

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer los parámetros psicométricos de la Subescala de Hostilidad de la SCL-90. Se realizaron dos estudios; en el primer estudio se trataron de encontrar evidencias de validez y precisión de la subescala de hostilidad; participaron 209 estudiantes, con promedio de edad de 16 años (DP = 1,29), los cuales respondieron la Subescala de Hostilidad y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. El análisis factorial exploratorio indicó una estructura unifactorial, cuyo alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,71. En el segundo estudio, se trataron de encontrar evidencias adicionales de validez y precisión, contando con 212 alumnos con promedio de edad de 16 años (DP = 1,19). El análisis factorial confirmatorio probó la estructura unifactorial y señaló buenos índices de ajuste; también se verificaron buenos índices de consistencia interna y confiabilidad compuesta. En general, la Subescala de Hostilidad presentó evidencias de validez y precisión satisfactorias. (AU)

Self-esteem as a Moderator of the Effects of Happiness, Depression, and Hostility on Suicidality Among Early Adolescents in Korea / 예방의학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of self-esteem as a moderator of the factors influencing suicidality among middle-schoolers. METHODS: Moderated multiple regression analysis was applied to assess the influence of happiness, depression, and hostility on suicidality and to determine the degree to which self-esteem served as a moderator of those relationships. Data were collected from 268 students at a middle school in Busan, Korea, using a self-administered structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Happiness, depression, and hostility had significant direct effects on suicidality. Self-esteem showed no direct effect, but had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between hostility and suicidal behavior. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that various interventions, such as counseling programs, should be designed to alleviate hostility and depression and to enhance happiness and self-esteem among early adolescents.

Discrepancies of Implicit and Explicit Self-Esteem as Predictors of Attributional Bias and Paranoia

OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to examine the association of implicit self-esteem, explicit self-esteem and their interaction with paranoia and attributional bias. The relationship of the size and the direction of the discrepancy between implicit and explicit self-esteem with paranoia and attributional bias was examined. METHODS: A total of 128 female college students participated. We administered the Implicit Association Test to assess implicit self-esteem, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to measure explicit self-esteem. Paranoia Scale was used, and the attributional bias was assessed using the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire. RESULTS: Results showed that explicit but not implicit self-esteem was negatively associated with paranoia, blame bias and hostility perception bias in ambiguous situations. The interaction of implicit and explicit self-esteem was associated with hostility perception in ambiguous situations. As for the discrepancy, the size of the discrepancy between implicit and explicit self-esteem was positively associated with hostility perception in ambiguous situations. Moreover, the direction of the discrepancy was specifically relevant: damaged self-esteem (high implicit and low explicit self-esteem) was associated with increased levels of paranoia, blame bias and hostility perception in ambiguous situations. CONCLUSION: These findings provide new insights into the role of the implicit and explicit self-esteem in attributional bias and paranoia and point to damaged self-esteem as a possible vulnerability marker for illogical attribution of blaming others and perceiving hostility in social situations.

USS Callister: Un viaje a la falta en el Otro / USS Callister

Un talentoso programador de juegos de computación se vale de un programa de realidad virtual para atrapar en él a sus compañeros de trabajo y así maltratarlos y humillarlos. El problema que enfrentan los personajes es cómo escapar de la realidad virtual hecha al servicio de las fantasías vengativas del autor. USS Callister es un homenaje a Star Trek y plasma uno de los momentos más felices de la serie Black Mirror: el acto heroico y grupal de liberación que supone atravesar un agujero en el orden simbólico que propone un Gran Hermano

A talented programmer of computer games make use of a Virtual Reality Program to trap his work partners so as to abuse and humillate them. The characters faces the problem of escaping this virtual reality made to serve the revengeful fantasies of its creator. USS Callister is a tribute to Star Trek and offers one of the most happy moments in the Black Mirror series: the heroic and grupal act of liberation that means to break through a hole in the simbolic order imposed by a Big Brother

Fragile Self and Malevolent Others: Biased Attribution Styles in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

OBJECTIVE: Biased attribution styles of assigning hostile intention to innocent others and placing the blame were found in schizophrenia. Attribution styles in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis, however, have been less studied especially for its association with various psychological factors. We investigated whether UHR individuals show increased hostility perception and blaming bias and explored the associations of these biased styles of attribution with the factor structure of multifaceted self-related psychological variables and neurocognitive performances. METHODS: Fifty-four UHR individuals and 80 healthy controls were assessed by evaluating resilience, self-perception, self-esteem, and aberrant subjective experiences of schizotypy (physical anhedonia, social anhedonia, magical ideation, and perceptual aberration), basic symptoms, and carrying out a comprehensive neurocognitive test battery. Attribution styles were assessed using the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire. RESULTS: UHR individuals, compared with normal controls, showed increased hostility perception and blaming bias. Factor analysis of self-related psychological variables and neurocognitive performances in the entire subject population showed a three-factor solution, which was designated as reflective self, pre-reflective self, and neurocognition. Multiple regression analysis in UHR individuals revealed that hostility perception bias was associated with reflective self and composite blame bias was associated with reflective and pre-reflective self. CONCLUSION: This study supports the emergence of attribution biases in the putative ‘prodromal’ phase of schizophrenia. The associations of biased attribution styles with multifaceted self-related psychological constructs suggest that psychosocial interventions for biased attribution styles in UHR individuals should focus not only on reflective self but also pre-reflective self-related psychological constructs.

The Effect of Workplace Bullying Perception on Psychological Symptoms: A Structural Equation Approach

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to determine the extent of workplace bullying perceptions among the employees of a Faculty of Medicine, evaluating the variables considered to be associated, and determining the effect of workplace bullying perceptions on their psychological symptoms evaluated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed involving 355 (88.75%) employees. RESULTS: Levels of perceived workplace bullying were found to increase with the increasing scores for BSI and BSI sub-dimensions of anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, and hostility (all p < 0.001). One point increase in the workplace bullying perception score was associated with a 0.47 point increase in psychological symptoms evaluated by BSI. Moreover, the workplace bullying perception scores were most strongly affected by the scores of anxiety, negative self, depression, hostility, and somatization (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present results revealed that young individuals, divorced individuals, faculty members, and individuals with a chronic disease had the greatest workplace bullying perceptions with our study population. Additionally, the BSI, anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, and hostility scores of the individuals with high levels of workplace bullying perceptions were also high.

How Competitive Orientation Influences Unethical Decision-making in Clinical Practices?

PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate how competitive orientation influences unethical decision-making (UDM) through relationship conflict and the moderating effect of hostile attribution bias. METHODS: This study was conducted using a self-report questionnaire. Data were collected from 727 employees in Chinese hospitals. For each variable, measures were adopted or adapted from existing literature. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. Common method variance was established using Harman's single-factor test. RESULTS: Competitive orientation is significantly and positively associated with relationship conflict (β = .36, p < .001) and UDM (β = .35, p < .001). Relationship conflict is significantly and positively associated with UDM (β = .51, p < .001). Relationship conflict partially mediates the relationship between competitive orientation and UDM. In addition, hostile attribution bias strengthens the positive relationship between competitive orientation and UDM through relationship conflict. CONCLUSION: This study provides some implications for hospital employees to deal with ethical dilemmas in decision-making. Hospital employees including nurses, physicians, and other health-care professionals should raise awareness of competitive orientation and adopt a cooperative approach to human relations. Effective training programs should be utilized to direct all hospital employees to depress hostile attribution bias whenever possible to everything in clinical practice.

O preconceito contra a mulher entre trabalhadores da Atenção Primária em Saúde / Sexism against women among primary healthcare workers

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar a existência de preconceitos contra a mulher entre trabalhadores da Atenção Primária em Saúde e identificar fatores associados. Estudo transversal que teve a participação de 163 profissionais de APS. Foram utilizados os questionários Estereótipos de Gênero (EG) e o Inventário do Sexismo Ambivalente. Pesquisou-se indivíduos dos dois sexos, com mais de 18 anos e escolaridade básica ou média. Os escores médios tinham valores acima de 50,0% do valor máximo: EG - 53,8%, Sexismo Hostil - 58,2%; Sexismo Benévolo - 64,1%. As médias estratificadas por variáveis sociodemográficas eram elevadas. Foram encontradas diferenças significantes por sexo (masculino maior que feminino), religiões (maior nos evangélicos) e nos que usavam bebidas alcoólicas, no Sexismo Hostil. No Sexismo Benévolo houve diferenças por escolaridade (maior no nível básico), religião (maior nos evangélicos e católicos) e atividade exercida (maior em serviços gerais). Estratificando EG não se encontrou diferenças significantes. Preconceitos sexistas hostis, benevolentes e estereótipos de gênero foram detectados. Esse achado pode influir negativamente na relação serviço-usuárias agravando as iniquidades em saúde geradas pelas desigualdades entre gêneros.

Abstract The objective of this study was to research the existence of sexism against women among primary healthcare (PHC) workers and to identify associated factors. This was a cross-sectional study in which 163 PHC professionals of both sexes participated, all of whom were aged over 18 and had completed their primary or secondary education. The Gender Stereotyping and Ambivalent Sexism Inventory questionnaires were used. The average scores were more than 50% of the maximum score: Gender Stereotyping - 53.8%, hostile sexism - 58.2%, benevolent sexism - 64.1%. The average scores stratified by sociodemographic variables were higher. Significant differences in the hostile sexism score were found for sex (men scored higher than women), religion (higher scores for evangelical Christians) and among those who drank alcohol. For benevolent sexism, differences were found for schooling (greater scores for those who had only completed their primary education), religion (higher scores for evangelical Christians and Catholics) and area of work (greater for those working in general services). The stratification of the Gender Stereotyping scores did not point to significant differences. Sexist prejudice was found to exist for hostile sexism, benevolent sexism and gender stereotyping. This finding could have a negative influence on the service-user relationship, leading to greater inequities in health as a result of gender inequality.

Psychological Health Problems Among Adolescent Workers and Associated Factors in Istanbul, Turkey

BACKGROUND: Work and work environment have a critical influence on adolescent workers' health. They are subjected to more risks than adults. The aim of this study is to examine psychological health outcomes in adolescent workers in the areas of depression, somatization, anxiety, hostility, and negative self-concept, and to investigate any related factors. METHODS: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Research samples were collected from adolescent workers between 15 and 18 years old attending a 1-day mandatory education course at vocational training centers, working 5 days per week in small enterprises. Data were collected using the following instruments: Brief Symptom Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Descriptive Characteristics of Children's Assessment Form. RESULTS: The investigation covers 837 young workers, of whom 675 were males and 162 were females. The majority of the families had low incomes (68.1%). Overall, 33.5% of the adolescents had been hospitalized because of health problems. Their average weekly working hours were 78.1 ± 10.7. Almost 50% of adolescent workers scored above the mean average in the Brief Symptom Inventory, indicating serious pschological health symptoms.Those who scored high for hostility, depression, negative self-concept, anxiety, and somatization were between 45.4% and 48.9% of the sample. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the underlying factors: a perception of “feeling very bad” health conditions was 2.07-fold whereas the rate of “no annual leave” was 0.73-fold, and both were found to be effective on psychological problems. CONCLUSION: In this study, it seems likely that psychological health problems are the result of multiple adverse factors including working conditions, annual leave, and health considerations.

Aquém do fundamentalismo, além da intolerância: hostilidade e hospitalidade no debate sobre direitos de gays e lésbicas / Not quite fundamentalist, beyond intolerance: 'hostility' and 'hospitality' in the gay and lesbian rights debate / Más acá del fundamentalismo, más allá de la intolerancia: hostilidad y hospitalidad en el debate sobre derechos de gays y lesbianas

Resumo O artigo explora as possibilidades e os limites das noções de 'fundamentalismo', tolerância' e 'intolerância' e avalia os potenciais ganhos das noções de 'hostilidade' e 'hospitalidade' para a análise de controvérsias contemporâneas sobre política sexual. Elabora sobre uma controvérsia que se instaurou em torno da consulta popular sobre o casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo na Irlanda, em 2015. Procura-se delinear os contornos das duas noções propostas como categorias teóricas em antropologia. O artigo discute conceitos do campo da antropologia da religião a partir da análise de controvérsias e da análise qualitativa de um caso, com base em pesquisa documental e bibliográfica.

Abstract This article explores the possibilities and limits of the notions of 'fundamentalism', 'tolerance', and intolerance', and assesses the potential gains brought by the notions of 'hostility' and 'hospitality' to the analysis of controversies about sexual politics. It elaborates on a controversy around the referendum on same-sex marriage in Ireland, in 2015. The discussion seeks to delineate the contours of the latter two notions as theoretical categories in Anthropology. The article consists of a theoretical discussion in the Anthropology of Religion, focused on controversies and the qualitative analysis of one case, based on documentary and bibliographical research.

Resumen El artículo explora las posibilidades y límites de las nociones de 'fundamentalismo', 'tolerancia' e 'intolerancia' y evalúa los beneficios potenciales que aportan las nociones de 'hostilidad' y 'hospitalidad' para el análisis de controversias contemporáneas sobre política sexual. Elabora sobre una controversia que se instauró en torno a la consulta popular sobre el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo en Irlanda en 2015. La discusión plantea los contornos de las dos nociones propuestas como categorías teóricas en antropología. El artículo consiste en una en discusión conceptual de la antropología de la religión, a partir del análisis de controversias y el análisis cualitativo de un caso, con base en investigación documental y bibliográfica.

Embates discursivos e significantes vazios nas manifestações de junho de 2013 / Discursive struggles and empty signifiers at the demonstrations of june 2013 / Confrontaciónes discursivas e significantes vacíos en las jornadas de junio de 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma investigação sobre os embates discursivos entre diversas identidades políticas, encenados nas ruas e no espaço virtual, durante as manifestações realizadas nas capitais brasileiras durante o mês de junho de 2013. Através do pensamento de Ernesto Laclau (1994) e Chantal Mouffe (1990), especificamente em torno dos conceitos de “antagonismo” e “significantes vazios”, propõe-se uma análise de determinadas produções e recepções de enunciados do embate estabelecido entre os diversos grupos que participaram das manifestações realizadas nas capitais brasileiras durante o mês de junho de 2013. Os significantes vazios permitiram verificar a emergência de significados antagônicos nas produções discursivas surgidas nas ruas e nos ambientes virtuais como um modo de articulação de antagonismos e identidades políticas.

The goal of this paper is to propose an inquiry about the discursive struggle performed at the streets and at the virtual space among the many political identities present in the demonstrations of June 2013 in Brazil´s biggest cities. It is proposed an analysis of certain production and reception of utterances of the struggle established among the many groups that took part in the demonstration through the framework of Laclau´s and Mouffe´s concepts of “antagonism” and “empty signifiers”. The latter allowed us to verify the emergency of antagonistic meanings in the discursive production found in the streets and virtual spaces as a way to articulate antagonism and political identities.

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer una investigación sobre las confrontaciónes discursivas entre diferentes identidades políticas, que tuvo lugar en las calles y en el espacio virtual, durante las manifestaciones celebradas en las capitales brasileñas durante el mes de junio de 2013. A través del pensamiento de Ernesto Laclau (1994) Chantal Mouffe (1990), específicamente en torno a los conceptos de "antagonismo" y "significantes vacíos", proponemos un análisis de cierta producción y recepción de enunciados en la confrontación que se estableció entre los distintos grupos que participaron de las manifestaciones que tuvieron lugar en las capitales brasileñas durante el junio de 2013. Los significantes vacíos han permitido verificar la emergência de significados antagónicos en las producciones discursivas surgidas en las calles y espácios virtuales como un modo de articulación antagonismos y las identidades políticas.

Antidepressants Use in Schizophrenia: Clinical Correlates and Prescription Profiles / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: To identify recent prescription patterns, as well as the demographic and clinical correlates of antidepressants (ADs) usage in schizophrenic patients. METHODS: A total of 297 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia enrolled at Seoul National Hospital in 2013. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to evaluate current psychiatric symptoms. Bivariate comparisons were used to assess the usage of concomitant psychotropics, demographic and clinical characteristics of ADs users compared with non-users. Multivariate analysis of covariance was performed consecutively. RESULTS: The rate of ADs usage was 26.3% and the most commonly used ADs were selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. ADs users more often took benzodiazepine than ADs non-users (p=0.005), whereas there were no significant demographic and other clinical difference between the two groups. Regarding BPRS, somatic concern (p=0.022), anxiety (p=0.001) and depressive mood (p=0.009) scores were higher, and excitement (p=0.006) and hostility (p=0.04) scores were lower among ADs users compared to non-users, although there was no significant difference in the other scores of BPRS between the two groups. Moreover, among 5 components of BPRS, scores of affective symptoms (p < 0.001) were significantly higher, and scores of activation symptoms (p=0.014) were significantly lower in ADs users compared to non-users. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the usage of ADs could be related to affective symptoms regardless of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Further studies are required in order to confirm the clinical correlates of ADs usage and the interactions between affective symptoms and psychotic symptoms.