ABSTRACT
O objetivo desta revisão sistemática e meta-análise foi avaliar a taxa de sobrevida das coroas metálicas pré-formadas utilizando a Hall Technique para restaurar molares deciduos cariados e investigar fatores que pudessem influenciar na sobrevida do tratamento (registro no PROSPERO: CRD42021204415, preprint do protocolo - DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/fxvz7). Uma busca sistemática nas seguintes bases de dados (Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LIVIVIVO e ProQuest) foi realizada para estudos que atendessem aos critérios de inclusão: Ensaios Clínicos Randomizados (ECRs) e Estudos de Intervenções Não-Randomizados (EINRs) (coortes prospectivas/retrospectivas e estudos não randomizados) até Novembro de 2022; crianças com molares decíduos cariados restaurados usando a Hall Technique; e relatando a sobrevida para pelo menos 1 mês de pós-tratamento. A meta-análise de braço único avaliou a proporção cumulativa (95% CI) das taxas de sobrevivência de HT usando o software RStudio. O risco de viés foi avaliado utilizando as ferramentas Cochrane RoB 2 para ECRs e ROBINS-I para EINRs, e a certeza da evidência avaliada utilizando a abordagem GRADE. A pesquisa identificou inicialmente 1278 referências, sendo que 22 publicações (11 ECRs e 11 EINRs) preencheram os critérios de inclusão e foram submetidas a análise quantitativa. Os períodos de acompanhamento variaram de 1 a 89 meses. Houve uma taxa de sobrevivência de mais de 90% para 19 dos 22 estudos, e todos relataram taxa de sobrevida acima de 76%, independente do tempo avaliado. As meta-análises mostraram taxas médias de sobrevivência de: para ECRs 95% (IC 95%: 92-97) com baixa heterogeneidade (I2: 0%, p=0,53), e EINRs: 97% (IC 95%: 94-98) com heterogeneidade moderada (I2: 34%, p= 0,14). O risco geral de viés para ECRs (55%) variou de baixo a preocupante, enquanto a maioria dos EINRs (64%) eram de qualidade moderada a baixa. A certeza de evidência foi considerada baixa para ECRs e moderada para EINRs. A Hall Technique apresenta alta taxa de sobrevida global, portanto pode ser considerado tratamento alinhado a Mínima Intervenção adequado para restaurar molares decíduos. A maioria dos estudos mostrou risco de viés moderado a alto, e certeza de evidência de moderada a baixa.
Subject(s)
Tooth, Deciduous , Child , Survival Rate , Pediatric Dentistry , Meta-Analysis , Systematic ReviewABSTRACT
RESUMEN El propósito del estudio fue describir las características clínicas, anatomopatológicas, tratamiento y supervivencia de los pacientes con cáncer de tiroides diferenciado. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva con datos de 150 pacientes de un hospital peruano entre los años 2010 al 2020. Se describieron las características y supervivencia (método de Kaplan-Meier). La media de edad fue 48,3 años, 130 (86,7%) fueron mujeres y el tipo histológico más frecuente fue el papilar 94,6%. El 74,2% tenían estadio TNM I, 70,7% tiroidectomía total y 68,7% recibió yodo radiactivo. La supervivencia global a los 5 años fue 89,3%, siendo menor en aquellos con estadio TNM IV y mayor en los que usaron yodo radiactivo. En conclusión, en un hospital de Cusco, el cáncer diferenciado de tiroides fue más frecuente en mujeres y la supervivencia fue menor en comparación con reportes de otros países.
ABSTRACT This study aimed at studying the clinical and anatomopathological characteristics, treatment and survival of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from 150 patients from a Peruvian hospital between the years 2010 to 2020. Characteristics and survival (Kaplan-Meier method) were described. The mean age was 48.3 years, 130 participants (86.7%) were women and the most frequent histologic type was papillary 94.6%. Of the participants, 74.2% had TNM stage I, 70.7% had total thyroidectomy and 68.7% received radioactive iodine. Overall survival at 5 years was 89.3%, being lower in those with TNM stage IV and higher in those who used radioactive iodine. In conclusion, in a hospital in Cusco, differentiated thyroid cancer was more frequent in women and survival was lower compared to reports from other countries.
Subject(s)
Thyroidectomy , Thyroid Neoplasms , Survival Rate , Women , Mortality , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Introdução:O transplante autólogo dentário é uma técnica cirúrgica na qual há a transposição de um dente para uma nova área receptora, no mesmo paciente. É viável para o tratamento de ausências e impactações dentárias. O método apresenta benefícios como manutenção de periodonto vital, volume ósseo alveolar e papila dentária, possibilidade de movimentação dentária por forças ortodônticas ou fisiológicas e estética favorável.Objetivo:Promover uma revisão de literatura sobre o transplante dentário autólogo, visando relatar as principais indicações, benefícios e contraindicações da técnica, além de descrever o protocolo cirúrgico e os fatores que influenciam no sucesso, de modo a orientar o manejo clínico.Metodologia:Para esse fim, as bases de dados analisadas foram PUBMED, LILACS e SCIELO, sendo obtidos artigos de Revisão Sistemática e Metanálises dos anos de 2018 a 2023.Resultados:O autotransplante apresenta taxas de sobrevida entre 93% e 100% e taxas de sucesso entre 89,4% e 96,6%, o que depende dos fatores relacionados ao paciente, ao dente doador, à área receptora e à técnica cirúrgica.Dentes anteriores e com ápice aberto apresentam melhores taxas de sobrevivência e sucesso em relação aos dentes posteriores e de ápice fechado, todavia não há comprovação que os demais pontos realmente influenciam diretamente no método. Conclusões:Com isso, podemos compreender que o estabelecimento de protocolos pré,trans e pós-operatório, além de esclarecimento de todos os fatores que influenciam na técnica, devem ser foco de estudos dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas, trazendo benefícios consideráveisparao manejo cirúrgico e saúde desses pacientes (AU).
Introduction:Autologous dental transplantation is a surgical technique in which there is the transposition of a tooth to a new recipient area within the same patient. It is a viable option for treating dental absenteeism and impactions. The method offers benefits such as the maintenance of vital periodontium, alveolar bone volume, and dental papilla, the possibility of dental movement through orthodontic or physiological forces, and favorable aesthetics.Objective:To promote a literature review on autologous dental transplantation, aiming to report the main indications, benefits, and contraindications of the technique, in addition to describe the surgical protocol and factors influencing success, providing guidance for clinical management.Methodology:For this purpose, the analyzed databases included PUBMED, LILACS, and SCIELO, obtaining Systematic Review and Meta-Analysesarticles from the years 2018 to 2023.Results:Autotransplantation presents survival rates between 93% and 100% and success rates between 89.4% and 96.6%, depending on factors related to the patient, the donor tooth, the recipient area, and the surgical technique. Anterior teeth with open apices present better survival and success rates compared to posterior teeth with closed apices, however, there is no conclusive evidence that other factors directly influence the method.Conclusions:Therefore, we can understand that the establishment of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative protocols, along with clarification of all factors influencing the technique, should be the focus of studies for Dental Surgeons, bringing significant benefits to these individuals' health (AU).
Introducción: : El trasplante autólogo dental es una técnica quirúrgica en la que se transpone un diente a una nueva área receptora, en el mismo paciente. Es viable para el tratamiento de ausencias e impactos dentales. El método presenta beneficios como mantenimiento de periodonto vital, volumen óseo alveolar y papila dental, posibilidad de movimiento dental por parte de fuerzas ortodoncias o fisiológicas y estética favorable.Objetivo: Promover una revisión de la literatura sobre el trasplante dentario autólogo, con el objetivo de reportar las principales indicaciones, beneficios y contra indicaciones de la técnica, además de describir el protocolo quirúrgico ylos factores que influyen en el éxito, con el fin de orientar el manejo clínico.Metodología: Para este fin, las bases de datos analizadas fueron PUBMED, LILACS y SCIELO, siendo obtenidos artículos de Revisión Sistemática y Metanálisis de los años 2018 a2023.Resultados: El autotrasplante presenta tasas de sobrevida entre 93% y 100% y tasa de éxito entre 89,4% y 96,6%, lo que depende de los factores relacionados con el paciente, el donante, el área receptora y la técnica quirúrgica. Los dientes anteriores y ápice abiertos presentan mejores tasas de supervivencia y éxito con respecto a los dientes posteriores y de ápice cerrado, pero no hay prueba de que los demás puntos realmente influyen directamente en el método.Conclusiones: Con eso, podemos comprender que el establecimiento de protocolos pre, intra y postoperatorio, además de esclarecimiento de todos los factores que influyen en la técnica, deben ser foco de estudios de los CirujanosDentistas, trayendo beneficios considerables para la salud de estos individuos (AU).
Subject(s)
Surgery, Oral , Tooth/transplantation , Transplantation, Autologous/adverse effects , Survival Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción: El cáncer de laringe es el tumor maligno de mayor prevalencia en la Otorrinolaringología. La topografía glótica es la más frecuente en Uruguay y suele detectarse en estadios tempranos dada la manifestación precoz y sostenida de disfonía. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la sobrevida libre de enfermedad (SLE) y la sobrevida global (SG) de los pacientes con cáncer de laringe glótico en estadio T1N0M0 en 4 instituciones de Montevideo. Metodología: Se analizó de forma retrospectiva la SG y SLE de 55 pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de glotis T1 entre los años 2009 y 2019. Para el cálculo de la sobrevida se utilizó el método de Kaplan-Meier. Se estudió además el efecto de variables pronósticas de interés sobre la SG mediante análisis univariado y multivariado. Resultados: En la muestra analizada la SG de los pacientes con cáncer glótico T1N0M0 fue como media de 7.706 años (IC 95% 6.63 - 8.78). A los 5 años, la SG fue de 77.5% (± 7%) y de 62% (± 9.8%) a los 10 años. La SLE para todos los pacientes correspondió al 74.6% (± 7.5%) y 63.1% (± 9.8%), a 5 y 10 años respectivamente. No se alcanzaron las medianas de SG ni de SLE para los grupos. Conclusiones: Los valores de SG y SLE medios obtenidos en nuestro medio son comparables a los valores reportados en la bibliografía internacional. No se alcanzó la mediana de SG ni de SLE, por lo que se puede afirmar que ésta enfermedad tiene, cuando se realiza el tratamiento adecuado, un buen pronóstico vital a los 10 años. Se requiere un seguimiento más largo para determinar las medianas de SG y SLE de los grupos en estudio.
Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor in Otorhinolaryngology. Glottic topography is the most frequent in Uruguay and is usually detected in early stages given the early and sustained manifestation of dysphonia. The objective of this study is to analyze disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with stage T1N0M0 glottic laryngeal cancer at 4 institutions in Montevideo. Methodology: The mean OS and DFS of 55 patients diagnosed with T1 glottic cancer between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival. The prognostic effect of certain variables of interest on OS was also studied using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: In this study, mean odds survival (OS) for T1N0M0 glottic cancer was 7.706 years (CI 95% 6.63 - 8.78). At 5 years, OS was 77.5% (± 7%) and at 10 years was 62% (± 9.8%). Disease free survival (DFS) was 74.6% ± (7.5%) at 5 years and 63.1% (± 9.8%), at 10 years. Median OS and DFS for the groups were not reached. Conclusions: OS and DFS in our medium is comparable to that reported in the international literature. The median OS and DFS were not reached, so it can be stated that this disease has, when appropriate treatment is performed, a good vital prognosis at 10 years. Longer follow-up is required to determine the median OS and DFS of the study groups.
Introdução: O câncer de laringe é o tumor maligno mais prevalente na Otorrinolaringologia. A topografia glótica é a mais frequente no Uruguai e geralmente é detectada em estágios iniciais devido à manifestação precoce e sustentada da disfonia. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a sobrevida livre de doença (DFS) e a sobrevida global (OS) de pacientes com câncer de laringe glótico estágio T1N0M0 em 4 instituições em Montevidéu. Metodologia: Foram analisados retrospectivamente o OS e DFS de 55 pacientes diagnosticados com câncer glótico T1 entre 2009 e 2019. O método de Kaplan-Meier foi usado para calcular a sobrevida. Resultados: Na amostra, a sobrevida global (OS) do câncer glótico T1N0M0 foi em média de 7.706 anos (IC 95% 6,63 - 8,78). Aos 5 anos, a OS foi de 77,5% (± 7%) e 62% (± 9,8%) aos 10 anos. A DFS para todos os pacientes correspondeu a 74,6% (± 7,5%) e 63,1% (± 9,8%), aos 5 e 10 anos, respectivamente. As medianas de OS e DFS para os grupos não foram alcançadas. Conclusões: OS e DFS em nosso ambiente é comparável ao relatado na literatura internacional. As medianas de SG e SLD não foram alcançadas, pelo que se pode afirmar que esta doença apresenta, quando realizado tratamento adequado, um bom prognóstico vital aos 10 anos. É necessário um acompanhamento mais longo para determinar a mediana da SG e da SLD dos grupos de estudo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Laryngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Uruguay/epidemiology , Survival Analysis , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Disease-Free Survival , Age and Sex Distribution , OctogenariansABSTRACT
A sobrevivência ao câncer de mama é um problema de saúde pública que demanda serviços especializados com foco na reabilitação psicossocial. Entre as necessidades identificadas nesse contexto está o incentivo à adoção de estratégias de promoção de autocuidados pelas mulheres. Uma das estratégias adotadas consiste no grupo de apoio psicológico, que auxilia as pacientes a enfrentar a longa jornada do tratamento. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender os significados produzidos por mulheres com câncer de mama sobre sua participação em um grupo de apoio. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório realizado com dez mulheres com câncer de mama usuárias de um serviço de reabilitação para mastectomizadas. Como referencial metodológico foi utilizada a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista aberta em profundidade e os conteúdos foram transcritos e codificados. A análise indutiva e o método de comparação constante foram aplicados nos processos de codificação aberta, axial e seletiva, que permitiram identificar três categorias nucleares: percepção das atividades realizadas no grupo, identificação de benefícios e barreiras do convívio no grupo e transformações decorrentes da participação. As participantes significaram sua presença no grupo como fonte de acolhimento, apoio, desenvolvimento de recursos pessoais e amizades, contribuindo para promover sua qualidade de sobrevida. Além dos potenciais benefícios, também foram identificadas barreiras que podem dificultar a adesão e continuidade da participação no grupo, o que sugere a necessidade de incorporar no cuidado um olhar para as dimensões subjetivas da saúde da mulher.(AU)
Surviving breast cancer is a public health problem and depends on services focused on psychosocial rehabilitation. Healthcare providers must encourage women to adopt strategies to promote their self-care. The psychological support group is a resource that helps women to face the long journey of treatment. This study aimed to understand the meanings women with breast cancer produced about their participation in a support group. This exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out with 10 women with breast cancer who use a rehabilitation service for mastectomized patients. Grounded Theory was used as a methodological reference. An open in-depth interview was applied for data collection. The contents were transcribed and coded. Inductive analysis and the constant comparison method were applied in the open, axial, and selective coding processes, which enabled the identification of three core categories: perception of the activities carried out in the group, identification of benefits and barriers of living in the group, and transformations resulting from participation. Participants denote their involvement with the group as a source of shelter, support, development of personal resources and friendships that helps promoting quality of life. Besides these potential benefits, participants also evinced barriers that can hinder adherence and continuity of participation in the group, suggesting the importance of incorporating a look at the subjective dimensions of women's health into care.(AU)
Sobrevivir al cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública que depende de los servicios centrados en la rehabilitación psicosocial. Entre las necesidades identificadas en esta materia se encuentra el uso de estrategias para promover el autocuidado. Uno de los recursos que ayuda a afrontar el largo camino del tratamiento es el grupo de apoyo psicológico. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer los significados que producen las mujeres con cáncer de mama sobre su participación en un grupo de apoyo. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, realizado con diez mujeres con cáncer de mama usuarias de un servicio de rehabilitación para mastectomizadas. Como referencia metodológica se utilizó la teoría fundamentada en los datos. Se aplicó una entrevista abierta en profundidad para la recogida de datos, cuyos contenidos fueron transcritos y codificados. El análisis inductivo y el método de comparación constante se aplicaron en los procesos de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, lo que permitió identificar tres categorías centrales: percepción de las actividades realizadas en el grupo, identificación de los beneficios y las barreras de vivir en el grupo y transformaciones resultantes de la participación. Las mujeres denotan su participación en el grupo como una fuente de acogida, apoyo, desarrollo de recursos personales y amistades, que ayuda a promover la calidad de vida. Además de los beneficios potenciales, también se identificaron barreras que pueden dificultar la adherencia y continuidad de la participación en el grupo, lo que sugiere la necesidad de incorporar en la atención una mirada centrada en las dimensiones subjetivas de la salud de las mujeres.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Psychotherapy, Group , Self-Help Groups , Breast Neoplasms , Mental Health , Grounded Theory , Oncology Nursing , Anxiety , Anxiety Disorders , Pathologic Processes , Patient Care Team , Personal Satisfaction , Physical Examination , Psychology , Psychomotor Performance , Radiotherapy , Relaxation , Religion , Self Care , Self-Care Units , Self Concept , Sleep Wake Disorders , Social Responsibility , Social Support , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Stress, Physiological , Awareness , Yoga , Complementary Therapies , Breast Diseases , Activities of Daily Living , Cancer Care Facilities , Bereavement , Women's Health Services , Grief , Mammography , Biomarkers , Exercise , Mastectomy, Segmental , Family , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Survival Rate , Risk Factors , Morbidity , Mortality , Range of Motion, Articular , Self-Examination , Treatment Outcome , Panic Disorder , Mammaplasty , Breast Self-Examination , Comprehensive Health Care , Meditation , Chemoprevention , Life , Breast Implantation , Wit and Humor , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Patient Freedom of Choice Laws , Crisis Intervention , Cysts , Personal Autonomy , Death , Information Dissemination , Interdisciplinary Communication , Heredity , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Emotions , Family Therapy , Early Detection of Cancer , Fatigue , Resilience, Psychological , Fertility , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Catastrophization , Chemoradiotherapy , Courage , Emotional Adjustment , Self-Control , Cancer Pain , Healthy Lifestyle , Surgical Oncology , Psychosocial Support Systems , Survivorship , Psycho-Oncology , Mentalization , Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological , Sadness , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Preoperative Exercise , Mentalization-Based Therapy , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Coping Skills , Emotional Exhaustion , Health Promotion , Holistic Health , Ancillary Services, Hospital , Immunotherapy , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Life Style , Mastectomy , Medical Oncology , Mental Disorders , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
Introducción: el trasplante pulmonar se ha consolidado en los uÌltimos anÌos como una opcioÌn terapeÌutica para ninÌos y adolescentes con enfermedad pulmonar grave en la que han fracasado otros tratamientos. Este procedimiento otorga una buena calidad de vida y una supervivencia prolongada, similar a la del trasplante realizado en pacientes adultos. La indicacioÌn general para el trasplante pulmonar es la insuficiencia respiratoria progresiva, y potencialmente letal, debida a una enfermedad pulmonar parenquimatosa o vascular. La selección de candidatos a trasplante es compleja, requiriendo condiciones médicas y socioambientales específicas. Objetivos: analizar las características clínicas de los pacientes pediátricos con enfermedades pulmonares crónicas derivados para evaluación por el equipo de trasplante pulmonar de Uruguay. Analizar las características clínicas y sobrevida de los pacientes trasplantados pulmonares pediátricos uruguayos. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de todos los pacientes menores de 19 años derivados al equipo de trasplante pulmonar entre 2003 y 2023. Datos obtenidos de la base del programa y mediante revisión de historias clínicas. Resultados: se incluyeron 30 pacientes (15 de sexo masculino). La media de edad de los pacientes derivados fue de 13,4 ± 3,6 años. Las etiologías de los pacientes derivados fueron 17/30 (56,6%) fibrosis quística, 4/30 (13,3%) bronquiolitis obliterante postrasplante de médula ósea, 4/30 (13,3%) hipertensión pulmonar, 3/30 (10%) bronquiolitis obliterante posinfecciosa y 2/30 (6,6%) enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa. Ingresaron en lista de trasplante 14 pacientes, de los cuales 9 se trasplantaron, 1 se mantiene en lista de espera y 4 fallecieron a la espera del trasplante. Del resto de los pacientes derivados para evaluación: 7 pacientes se encuentran aún en evaluación. Fueron excluidos por razones psicosociales o causas médicas 2 pacientes. Dos pacientes tuvieron pérdida de seguimiento y otros 5 fallecieron durante la evaluación. Las etiologías de los pacientes trasplantados pediátricos fueron fibrosis quística (3/9), bronquiolitis obliterante postrasplante de médula ósea (3/9) e hipertensión pulmonar (3/9). De los pacientes trasplantados, 5 fallecieron (2 en el posoperatorio y 3 fallecieron por sepsis entre 1-2 años postrasplante). Los restantes pacientes están en seguimiento postrasplante hace un mes, 2, 7 y 9 años. No se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la sobrevida condicional cuando se compararon pacientes adultos y pediátricos. Conclusiones: los resultados en los pacientes trasplantados en cuanto a caracteriÌsticas y causas de mortalidad son comparables con los reportados internacionalmente. La mortalidad postrasplante fue algo mayor que en otros estudios, pero creemos que existe sesgo por el bajo número de pacientes. Dados los resultados mencionados, planteamos que el trasplante sigue siendo una alternativa terapéutica válida en nuestro medio. Los desafíos de este tratamiento incluyen la disponibilidad limitada de órganos de donantes adecuados, la toxicidad de los medicamentos inmunosupresores necesarios para prevenir el rechazo, la prevención y el tratamiento de la bronquiolitis obliterante, así como maximizar el crecimiento, el desarrollo y la calidad de vida de los receptores.
Summary: Introduction: lung transplantation has been recently consolidated as a therapeutic option for children and adolescents with severe lung disease when other treatments have failed. This procedure provides a good quality of life and additional survival, similar to that of transplantation in adult patients. The general indication for lung transplantation is progressive, potentially fatal respiratory failure due to parenchymal or vascular lung disease. The selection of transplant candidates is complex, requiring specific medical and socio-environmental conditions. Objectives: to analyze the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with chronic lung diseases referred for evaluation by the Uruguayan lung transplant team. To analyze the clinical characteristics and survival of Uruguayan pediatric lung transplant patients. Material and methods: descriptive and retrospective study of all patients under 19 years of age referred to the lung transplant team between 2003 and 2023. The data was obtained from the program's database and through medical records' review. Results: 30 patients were included (15 male). The mean age of the referred patients was 13.4 ± 3.6 years. Etiologies were 17/30 (56.6%) cystic fibrosis, 4/30 (13.3%) bronchiolitis obliterans post-bone marrow transplant, 4/30 (13.3%) pulmonary hypertension, 3 /30 (10%) post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans, and 2/30 (6.6%) diffuse interstitial lung disease. 14 patients were placed on the transplant list, of which 9 were transplanted, 1 remains on the waiting list and 4 died while waiting for the transplant. Of the rest of the patients referred for evaluation: 7 patients are still under evaluation. 2 patients were excluded for psychosocial reasons or medical reasons. 2 patients could not be followed-up and other 5 died during the evaluation. The etiologies of the pediatric transplant patients were cystic fibrosis (3/9), post-bone marrow transplant bronchiolitis obliterans (3/9), and pulmonary hypertension (3/9). Of the transplanted patients, 5 died (two in the post-operative period, and three died from sepsis between 1-2 years post-transplant). The remaining patients are in post-transplant follow-up for 1 month, 2, 7 and 9 years. No statistically significant differences in conditional survival were found when comparing adult and pediatric patients. Conclusions: results in transplanted patients in terms of characteristics and causes of mortality are comparable with those reported internationally. Post-transplant mortality was somewhat higher than in other studies, but we believe that there is bias due to the low number of patients. Given the results above, we propose that transplantation continues to be a valid therapeutic alternative in our country. The challenges of this treatment include the limited availability of suitable donor organs, the toxicity of immunosuppressive medications necessary to prevent rejection, prevention and treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans, as well as maximizing the growth, development and quality of life of the receivers.
Introdução: o transplante pulmonar consolidou-se nos últimos anos como opção terapêutica para crianças e adolescentes com doença pulmonar grave, nas quais outros tratamentos falharam. Esse procedimento proporciona boa qualidade de vida e sobrevida prolongada, semelhante ao transplante realizado em pacientes adultos. A indicação geral para transplante pulmonar é insuficiência respiratória progressiva e potencialmente fatal devido a doença pulmonar parenquimatosa ou vascular. A seleção de candidatos a transplantes é complexa, exigindo condições médicas e socioambientais específicas. Objetivos: analisar as características clínicas de pacientes pediátricos com doenças pulmonares crônicas encaminhados para avaliação pela equipe uruguaia de transplante pulmonar. Analisar as características clínicas e a sobrevida de pacientes pediátricos uruguaios transplantados pulmonares. Material e métodos: estudo descritivo e retrospectivo de todos os pacientes menores de 19 anos encaminhados à equipe de transplante pulmonar entre 2003 e 2023. Os dados foram obtidos no banco de dados do programa e por meio de revisão de prontuários. Foram incluídos 30 pacientes (15 do sexo masculino). A média de idade dos pacientes encaminhados foi de 13,4 ± 3,6 anos. As etiologias dos pacientes encaminhados foram 17/30 (56,6%) fibrose cística, 4/30 (13,3%) bronquiolite obliterante pós-transplante de medula óssea, 4/30 (13,3%) hipertensão pulmonar, 3/30 (10%) pós -bronquiolite obliterante infecciosa e 2/30 (6,6%) doença pulmonar intersticial difusa. Foram colocados na lista de transplante 14 pacientes, dos quais 9 foram transplantados, 1 permanece em lista de espera e 4 faleceram enquanto aguardavam o transplante. Do restante dos pacientes encaminhados para avaliação: 7 pacientes ainda estão em avaliação, 2 pacientes foram excluídos por motivos psicossociais ou médicos. 2 pacientes foram perdidos no acompanhamento e outros 5 faleceram durante a avaliação. As etiologias dos pacientes transplantados pediátricos foram fibrose cística (3/9), bronquiolite obliterante pós-transplante de medula óssea (3/9) e hipertensão pulmonar (3/9). Dos pacientes transplantados, 5 faleceram (dois no pós-operatório e três por sepse entre 1-2 anos pós-transplante). Os demais pacientes estão em acompanhamento pós-transplante por 1 mês, 2, 7 e 9 anos. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na sobrevida condicional quando comparamos pacientes adultos e pediátricos. Conclusões: os resultados em pacientes transplantados em termos de características e causas de mortalidade são comparáveis aos relatados internacionalmente. A mortalidade pós-transplante foi um pouco maior do que em outros estudos, mas acreditamos que exista viés devido ao baixo número de pacientes. Diante dos resultados acima mencionados, propomos que o transplante continue sendo uma alternativa terapêutica válida em nosso meio. Os desafios deste tratamento incluem a disponibilidade limitada de órgãos de doadores adequados, a toxicidade dos medicamentos imunossupressores necessários para prevenir a rejeição, prevenção e tratamento da bronquiolite obliterante, bem como maximizar o crescimento, desenvolvimento e qualidade de vida dos receptores.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Lung Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Lung Diseases/surgery , Referral and Consultation , Uruguay/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Lung Diseases/complications , Lung Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Abstract Objective This study aimed to correlate the expression, by immunohistochemistry, of the proteins OPN, ABCB5, and WNT3A from anatomopathological materials obtained from paraffin blocks, slides, or both, from patients with osteosarcoma (OS), analyzing epidemiological characteristics, as well as their presence and influence on the evolution and progression of the disease. Methods After the initial case selection, we searched for the respective paraffin blocks and took only those with sufficient tumor mass to allow additional sections with no complete loss of biological material. The sarcoma area identification in representative paraffin blocks used multisample blocks (tissue microarray [TMA]) created on a BenchMark ULTRA (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, IN, USA) instrument. Then, we analyzed the association between the expression of ABCB5, WNT3A, and osteopontin (OPN) markers with the variables age, location, and tissue type (Fisher exact test/Chi-squared test). Results The average age of the patients was 23 years, and the rate of males and females was the same. We analyzed 40 slides from 28 OS patients seen from 2005 to 2017. Their follow-up time was 80.0 months, and the 5-year survival rate was 46.7%. Most metastases occurred in lung tissue (92.9%). Proteins ABCB5, OPN, and WNT3A did not present statistical significance when compared with age group, neo-adjuvant, adjuvant, or both, chemotherapy, location, survival, or death. Osteopontin was negative in all samples. WNT3A expression occurred in patients who died early. Conclusion In an immunohistochemical study, ABCB5, OPN, and WNT3A did not have statistical significance. In the parameters analyzed, they did not seem to be a predictive or aggressive factor for OS.
Resumo Objetivo Correlacionar a expressão, por imunoistoquímica, das proteínas OPN, ABCB5 e WNT3A de material anatomopatológico, obtido de blocos de parafina e/ou lâminas, em pacientes com osteossarcoma (OS), analisando as características epidemiológicas, sua presença e influência na evolução e progressão da doença. Métodos Após a seleção inicial dos casos, ocorreu a busca dos respectivos blocos de parafina, dentre os quais foram selecionados somente aqueles que possuíam massa tumoral suficiente para serem realizados cortes adicionais sem que todo o material biológico fosse utilizado. Foram identificadas áreas do sarcoma nos blocos de parafina representativos para a confecção de blocos multiamostrais (microarranjo de tecidos, ou tissue microarray [TMA], em inglês), realizada em instrumento BenchMark ULTRA (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, IN, USA). Foi então analisada a associação entre a expressão dos marcadores ABCB5, WNT3A e OPN com as variáveis idade, localização e tipo de tecido (teste exato de Fisher/Qui-quadrado). Resultados A média de idade foi de 23 anos, e a incidência de pacientes dos sexos masculino e feminino foi a mesma; foram analisadas 40 lâminas de 28 pacientes com OS, entre 2005 e 2017, com tempo de segmento de 80,0 meses, e o tempo de sobrevida foi de 46,7% em 5 anos. Metástases ocorreram em tecido pulmonar (92,9%). Quanto aos marcadores ABCB5, OPN e WNT3A, não apresentaram significância estatísticas quando comparados com faixa etária, neo-adjuvância e/ou adjuvância quimioterápica, localização, sobrevida ou óbito. O OPN mostrou-se negativo em todas as amostras. E o WNT3A expressou-se nos pacientes com óbitos precoces. Conclusão As proteínas ABCB5, OPN e WNT3A, em estudo imunoistoquímico, não se mostraram presentes com significância estatística. Nos parâmetros analisados, não surgem como sendo fatores preditivos ou de agressividade para o OS.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Immunohistochemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor , Osteosarcoma , Survival Rate , Osteopontin , Neoplasm MetastasisABSTRACT
Background@#Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer in childhood in the Philippines. Most data though on demographics, clinical profile, treatment options, and outcomes in the country are from the National Capital Region. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to describe the demographics, clinical profile, treatment done, and outcomes of retinoblastoma patients seen in a public tertiary referral center in Davao from 2011-2020 to make available literature more representative of the status of retinoblastoma in the Philippines. @*Methods@#An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using the records of retinoblastoma patients seen in a tertiary government hospital located in Davao Region from January 2011 to December 2020. @*Results@#There were 157 patients included in the analysis. Seventy-three (46%) were female with 44% coming from the Davao Region. One hundred seven (69%) patients had unilateral disease. Median age at initial consultation for patients with unilateral disease was significantly older than those with bilateral disease (p<0.003). Tumors were extraocular in 82 (40%) eyes. In the intraocular group, 36% of the eyes belonged to International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) Groups D and E. Enucleation was the most commonly performed treatment. Survival rate was 28%. This is the first report to provide epidemiologic and clinical data on retinoblastoma in the literature, including survival data, from Mindanao. Advanced stages and extraocular cases of retinoblastoma remain high. Delay of consultation contributed to the prognosis and clinical outcome of the disease.@*@#Conclusion. Advanced stages and extraocular cases of retinoblastoma remain significantly high in the country, even in Mindanao.
Subject(s)
Retinoblastoma , Therapeutics , Survival RateABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: El osteosarcoma (OS) es el tumor óseo primario maligno más frecuente. En 2014 se incorporó en Chile dentro del plan de garantías explícitas en salud (GES), ley que garantiza el tratamiento desde la sospecha hasta su tratamiento y rehabilitación. OBJETIVOS: Describir las características de la población mayor de 15 años, con diagnóstico histopatológico de OS, definir su sobrevida, complicaciones e identificar variables que afectan estos resultados. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, se incluyó a todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de OS, con confirmación histológica, desde 2014 a 2020. Datos demográficos, sitio anatómico, hallazgos histopatológicos, estadio de ingreso, presencia de metástasis, tratamiento, complicaciones y sobrevida fueron registrados. Se realizó un estudio multivariante para determinar factores pronósticos. RESULTADOS: 133 pacientes fueron incluidos. 58,8% hombres, la edad promedio fue 31 años y la localización más frecuente fue fémur distal (34,9%). El 56,4% de los pacientes ingresó en estadio Enneking IIB, 36,4% presentó metástasis al ingreso. Un 14,3% presentó complicaciones, siendo la más frecuente la infección periprotésica (6 casos). El 16% evolucionó con recidiva local. El modelo multivariante mostró que la edad y presencia de metástasis al ingreso constituyen variables pronósticas independientes, con un cociente de riesgo de 1,017 para edad (p = 0,016) y de 3,13 para presencia de metástasis (p = 0,0000). En el análisis de subgrupos, los pacientes sin metástasis al diagnóstico presentaron sobrevida a 5 años de 54% versus 11% para el grupo con metástasis; al ajustar por edad, la sobrevida a 5 años para el grupo sin metástasis y con metástasis fue de 73% y 22% respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: Este es el primer estudio de descripción demográfica de pacientes con OS que se realiza en nuestro país. Los resultados son similares a lo reportado por la literatura internacional, destacando en nuestra serie la edad de presentación y presencia de metástasis al ingreso como factores que afectan el pronóstico de una manera significativa. Al ajustar por edad, los porcentajes de sobrevida son equiparables con lo reportado en otros centros internacionales especializados en sarcomas.
BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent malignant primary bone tumor. The explicit health guarantee (GES) plan in Chile, a law that guarantees diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, incorporated OS in 2014. OBJETIVES: To describe the characteristics of the population over 15 years, with a histopathological diagnosis of OS, to define survival rate and complications, and to identify variables that affect these outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective study from 2014 to 2020, including all patients affiliated with the public health system diagnosed with OS, with histological confirmation. From clinical records, we extracted demographic data, anatomical OS location, histopathological findings, admission stage, presence of metastases, treatment, complications, and survival. We determined prognostic factors by multivariate analysis. Results: 133 patients, 58.8% men, the average age was 31 years, and the most frequent location was the distal femur (34.9%). 56.4% of the patients were admitted in Enneking stage IIB, and 36.4% presented metastasis at admission. 14.3% presented complications, the most frequent periprosthetic infection (6 cases). 16% of patients evolved with local recurrence. The multivariate model showed that age and metastases at admission constitute independent prognostic variables, with a hazard ratio of 1.017 for age (p = 0.016) and 3.13 for metastases (p = 0.0000). In the subgroup analysis, patients without metastases at diagnosis had a 5-year survival of 54% versus 11% for the group with metastases. Adjusting for age, the 5-year survival for the non-metastatic and metastatic groups was 73% and 22%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This is our country's first demographic description study of patients with OS. In our series, the age of presentation and the presence of metastases at admission were factors that significantly affect prognosis. When adjusting for age, the survival percentages are comparable to those reported in other international centers specialized in sarcomas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Bone Neoplasms/mortality , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Osteosarcoma/mortality , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Prognosis , Child, Preschool , Chile/epidemiology , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
Introduction: The relationship between the tumor inflammatory infiltrate, also known as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and invasive breast carcinomas has been extensively studied in recent years to verify its association with prognosis and response to treatment. The goal of this study was to associate the presence of TILs with patient's survival time. Methods: We studied prognostic clinicopathological characteristics already established in the literature and their impact on overall five-year survival time of patients with invasive breast cancer treated at Hospital Santa Casa in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2011 (n=290). This was an observational and retrospective study. Results: The presence of TILs was associated with tumors of no special type (p=0.018) and with younger age of the patients (p=0.042). Smaller tumor size (HR: 19.24; 95%CI 4.3086.15; p<0.001), absence of metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes (HR: 2.80; 95%CI 1.027.70; p=0.002), positivity for progesterone receptor (HR: 0.39; 95%CI 0.170.87; p=0.022), and presence of TILs (HR: 0.23; 95%CI 0.080.65; p=0.005) were associated with longer survival times. Conclusions: This study suggests that the presence of TILs, along with other clinicopathological characteristics, is a prognostic factor in breast cancer
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism , Prognosis , Immunohistochemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Survival Rate , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: O carcinoma de células escamosas da cavidade oral (CEC) abrange uma ampla diversidade de células neoplásicas que possuem características moleculares heterogêneas quando expressadas pelo tumor, cuja detecção primária pode se tornar uma ferramenta útil tanto no diagnóstico inicial quanto no prognóstico nos pacientes portadores deste câncer. Os principais biomarcadores tumorais (BmTs) descritos e associados à carcinogênese do câncer de cavidade oral são: p53, p16, Ciclina-D1, EGFR e a E-caderina. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o risco de recorrência a partir da detecção dos BmTs p16, p53, E-caderina, Ciclina-D1 e EGFR nos pacientes portadores de CEC submetidos ao tratamento multimodal. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 100 pacientes com diagnóstico de CEC de cavidade oral e submetidos ao tratamento multimodal, os quais foram separados em dois grupos: A) Pacientes com CEC de assoalho de boca; B) Pacientes com CEC de língua, ambos os grupos tratados de forma multimodal. Após seleção foi realizada a análise por imunoistoquímica (IHQ) da expressão dos 05 biomarcadores acima descritos. Da mesma forma, foi realizada a análise dos dados demográficos e clínicos, além dos critérios morfológicos inerentes ao tumor para determinação dos fatores preditivos e prognósticos independentes. RESULTADOS: Após a análise retrospectiva dos dados da população de estudo, 51 pacientes (51%) apresentaram CEC na região do assoalho de boca e 49 (49%) na língua, com maior proporção de homens do que mulheres (69 % vs. 31%) e com idade maior ou igual a 60 anos (mediana: 62 anos/ R: 29-86 anos). A mediana de acompanhamento dos pacientes foi de 28 meses (R: 0-71 meses/média: 26 /DP: +-14,04) e do aparecimento da recorrência foi de 12 meses (mediana: 9 meses/ R: 0-37 meses). A maioria apresentou o estadiamento clínico-patológico inicial I e II (63,6%), pior padrão de infiltração tipo 3-5 (70,5%) e com presença de extensão extracapsular (EEC) (57,5%). Por outro lado, 21 pacientes (21,2%) expressaram p16, 87 (87,9%) a Ciclina-D1, 63 (63%) p53, 53 (53,5%) a E-caderina e 66 (66%) o EGFR. Após aplicação do teste Qui-quadrado foi observada associação estatisticamente significativa entre a expressão do p53 e o sexo (p: 0,01), p53 e tabagismo/etilismo (p: 0,04) e a expressão da E-caderina associada à presença de infiltrado linfoide (p: 0,03). Para análise da Sobrevida Global (SG) foi aplicado o teste de Kaplan Meier, sendo que a média foi de 53 meses (R: 42-61 meses). Na análise da Sobrevida Livre de Doença (SLD) a média foi de 31 meses (R: 27-24 meses). Finalmente, foi realizada a análise multivariada de Cox para cálculo da razão de risco (RR), onde foram observados para o EGFR RR: 4,97 (p: 0,016/R: 1,34-18,30) e a E-caderina RR: 0,294 (p: 0,056/ R: 0.084-1.03). CONCLUSÃO: A expressão de EGFR resultou como potencial biomarcador preditivo de risco de recorrência nos pacientes com CEC de cavidade oral e submetidos à abordagem multimodal, enquanto a E-caderina comportou-se como provável fator protetor contra o risco de recorrência neste mesmo grupo. Contudo, uma avaliação com maior coorte de pacientes se torna necessária para melhor compreensão do papel de outros BmTs, bem como a validação destes resultados na prática clínica.
INTRODUCTION: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, characterized by heterogeneous cellular and histological features observed by different molecular parameters. The main biomarkers (BKs) associated with oral cavity tumorigenesis are p53, EGFR, Cyclin-D1, p16 and E-cadherin and their expression is associated with poor prognosis and multiples relapses, besides other histopathological prognostic factors associated to lower rates of overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to confirm through histopathological assessment (HP) based on morphological tumor criteria and immunohistochemistry analysis (IHC) of the BKs the association with increased local recurrence in patients diagnosed with OSCC submitted to multimodal treatment at A.C. Camargo Cancer Center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred patients diagnosed with OSCC submitted to multimodal treatment during 2013-2017 were evaluated and distributed in two groups according to the primary local tumor: A) Patients with OSCC in the floor of the mouth and B) tongue OSCC, both groups treated with only surgery, surgery plus radiotherapy (RT) and/or surgery with RT and chemotherapy. IHC and HP analysis were performed of surgical specimen for detection of these five BKs such as EGFR, p53, E-cadherin, p16 and Cyclin D1. Moreover, after HP for morphological tumor featuring prognostic factors such as clinic-pathological staging, free surgical margins, extracapsular extension of lymph nodes, perineural and angiolymphatic invasion, depth of pattern infiltration were described. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and the nonparameter Chi-square statistical test was performed for determining association between them. OS and DFS rates were calculated using Kaplan Meier test and logRank test for univariate statistical analysis. Cox regression model was done, and the hazard ratio was established for each independent factor to predict clinical failure (p<=0.05). RESULTS: From 100 patients analyzed, 61% were male and 39% female. Regarding local primary tumor, 51% presented OSCC in the floor of the mouth and 49% in the tongue with a mean age of 62 years (R: 29-86). The median of follow-up was 28 months (mean: 26 / SD: +-14,04 / R: 0-71) and the mean of recurrence appearance was 12 months (median: 9/ R: 0-37). Most patients showed an initial stage (I-II) (63.6%), Worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) 3-5 (70.5%), extracapsular extension (EE) (57.5%). Regarding BKs expression, 21.2% p16, 87.9% Cyclin-D1, 63% p53, 53.5% E-cadherin, and 66% EGFR. It was observed a statistically significant association between p53 expression and for both sex (p: 0.01), p53 and smoking/alcohol consumption (p:0.04). E-cadherin was associated with lymph node infiltration (p: 0.03). The median OS was 80% vs 60% in 03 years (R: 42-61; I/II vs. III-IV p: 0.06); for DFS was 50% (p:0.22; I/II vs. III/IV) in 05 years (R: 27-24). Cox regression showed that EGFR expression HR: 4.9 (p: 0.02/ R: 1.34-18.30) and E-cadherin HR: 0.3 (p: 0.06/R: 0.084-1.03) and EE as morphological tumor criteria (HR: 3.68 / p: 0.056 / R: 1.00-13.48) are independent factors for prediction of clinical failure. CONCLUSION: EGFR expression is a potential biomarker for prediction of oral cancer recurrence in patients submitted to multimodal management; however, the loss of E-cadherin expression was considered as a protective factor against OSCC recurrence for this group. Furthermore, longitudinal studies must be performed to validate these results in the clinical practice
Subject(s)
Mouth Neoplasms , Biomarkers, Tumor , Recurrence , Survival Rate , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck , Head and Neck NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Los implantes extra-cortos son cada vez más utili-zados en la práctica clínica diaria. La utilización de estos implantes con carga inmediata supone un reto añadido. Clásicamente se ha postulado que la carga inmediata debe realizarse después de 24 horas de la cirugía. En la siguiente serie de casos analizamos diferentes tiempos a la hora de realizar la carga in-mediata y su posible repercusión. Fueron recolec-tados de forma retrospectiva datos sobre casos de implantes extra-cortos (5,5 y 6,5 mm) en los que fue realizada una carga inmediata en sectores poste-riores. El implante fue la unidad de análisis para la estadística descriptiva en cuanto a la localización, dimensiones del implante, y mediciones radiográ-ficas. El paciente fue la unidad de medida para el análisis de la edad, sexo y la historia clínica. La prin-cipal variable estudiada fue la supervivencia de los implantes extra-cortos con carga inmediata en tres períodos de tiempo determinados: 24 hs, 48 hs y 7 días y como variables secundarias se han estudiado, la estabilidad del hueso crestal en general y en los tres períodos de carga anteriormente mencionados, las complicaciones protésicas y la supervivencia de las prótesis. Fueron reclutados 74 pacientes en los que se insertaron 146 implantes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Todos los implantes fueron cargados mediante carga inmediata en tres perío-dos determinados de tiempo: 24 hs (40 implantes), 48 hs (42 implantes) y 7 días (42 implantes). Todos los implantes fueron ferulizados a otros implantes ge-nerándose puentes de dos o más unidades, con di-ferente longitud. En el grupo de implantes con carga inmediata en 24 hs la media de la pérdida ósea distal de todos los implantes fue de 0,21 mm (+/-0,84) y la media de la pérdida ósea mesial en este grupo fue de 0,33 mm (+/- 0,53). En el grupo de carga inmediata en 48 hs, la media de la pérdida ósea distal de todos los implantes fue de 0,20 mm (+/- 0,82) y la media de la pérdida ósea mesial fue de 0,22 mm (+/- 0,81). En el grupo de carga de 7 días, la pérdida ósea me-sial del grupo fue de 0,28 mm (+/- 0,51) y la media de la pérdida ósea distal fue de 0,17 mm (+/- 0,81). Cuando comparamos las medias de pérdida ósea me-sial y distal entre los tres grupos, no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (mesial p=0,062, distal p=0,067). En conclusión, no se obser-varon diferencias significativas en la pérdida ósea crestal ni en la supervivencia de los implantes cortos entre los 3 tiempos estudiados de aplicación de car-ga inmediata. Por ello, utilizar cualquiera de los tres protocolos puede ser adecuado, mientras se realice un correcto análisis de la situación clínica de cada paciente (AU)
Extra-short implants are increasingly used in daily clinical practice. The use of these implants with immediate loading poses an added challenge. Classically it has been postulated that immediate loading should be performed 24 hrs after surgery. In the following case series, we analyze different times of immediate loading and their possible repercussions. We retrospectively collected data on cases of extra-short implants (5.5 and 6.5 mm) in which immediate loading was performed in posterior sectors. The implant was the unit of analysis for descriptive statistics in terms of location, implant dimensions, and radiographic measurements. The patient was the unit of measurement for the analysis of age, sex and medical history. The main variable studied was the survival of immediately loaded extra-short implants in three specific time periods: 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 7 days. Secondary variables studied were crestal bone stability in general and in the three loading periods mentioned above, prosthetic complications and prosthesis survival. Seventy-four patients were recruited and 146 implants that met the inclusion criteria were inserted. All implants were loaded by immediate loading in three specific time periods: 24 hrs (40 implants), 48 hrs (42 implants) and 7 days (42 implants). All implants were splinted to other implants generating bridges of two or more units, with different lengths. In the 24-hr immediate loading group the mean distal bone loss of all implants was 0.21 mm (+/- 0.84) and the mean mesial bone loss in this group was 0.33 mm (+/- 0.53). In the 48-hr immediate loading group, the mean distal bone loss for all implants was 0.20 mm (+/- 0.82) and the mean mesial bone loss was 0,22 mm (+/- 0,81). In the 7-day loading group, the mesial bone loss of the group was 0.28 mm (+/- 0.51) and the mean distal bone loss was 0.17 mm (+/- 0.81). When we compared the mean mesial and distal bone loss between the three groups there were no statistically significant differences (mesial p=0.062, distal p=0.067). In conclusion, no significant differences were observed in crestal bone loss or in the survival of short implants between the 3 immediate load application times studied. Therefore, using any of the three protocols can be appropriate, as long as a correct analysis of the clinical situation of each patient is performed (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Alveolar Bone Loss/therapy , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Immediate Dental Implant Loading/methods , Time Factors , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
Em março de 2020 a situação causada pela covid-19 foi elevada à categoria de pandemia, impactando de inúmeras formas a vida em sociedade. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os impactos da pandemia na atuação e saúde mental do psicólogo hospitalar, profissional que atua nos espaços de saúde e tem experienciado mais de perto o sofrimento dos doentes e dos profissionais de saúde frente à covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo com 131 psicólogos que atuam em hospitais. Os profissionais foram convidados a participar através de redes sociais e redes de contatos das pesquisadoras, utilizando-se a técnica Bola de Neve. Foram utilizados dois questionários, disponibilizados na plataforma Google Forms, um abordando os impactos da pandemia sentidos pelos profissionais e outro referente ao sofrimento psíquico. Os dados foram analisados a partir de estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Foram observados impactos na atuação de quase a totalidade dos participantes, constatada a necessidade de preparação dos profissionais para o novo cenário, a percepção de pouco apoio institucional e quase metade da população estudada referiu-se a sintomas de sofrimento psíquico considerável desde o início da pandemia. É fundamental dar atenção a sinais e sintomas de sofrimento psíquico, procurando evitar o adoecimento de uma categoria profissional que se encontra na linha de frente do combate aos danos psicológicos da pandemia e cuja própria saúde mental é pouco abordada na literatura.(AU)
In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic breakout hugely impacted life in society. This study analyzes how the pandemic impacted hospital psychologists' mental health and performance, professional who more closely experienced the suffering of patients and health professionals in this period. An exploratory and descriptive study was conducted with 131 hospital psychologists. Professionals were invited to participate through the researchers' social and contact networks using the Snowball technique. Data were collected by two questionnaires available on the Google Forms platform, one addressing the impacts felt by professionals and the other regarding psychic suffering, and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that almost all participants had their performance affected by the need to prepare for the new scenario, the perceived little institutional support. Almost half of the study sample reported considerable psychological distress symptoms since the beginning of the pandemic. Paying attention to signs and symptoms of psychic suffering is fundamental to avoid compromising a professional category that is on the front line of combating the psychological damage caused by the pandemic and whose own mental health is little addressed by the literature.(AU)
En marzo de 2020, la situación provocada por el COVID-19 se caracterizó como pandemia e impactó el mundo de diversas maneras. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender los impactos de la pandemia en la salud mental y la actuación del psicólogo en los hospitales, uno de los profesionales que trabaja en espacios sanitarios y que ha experimentado más de cerca el sufrimiento de pacientes y profesionales sanitarios frente al COVID-19. Este es un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, realizado con 131 psicólogos que trabajan en hospitales. Los profesionales recibieron la invitación a participar a través de las redes sociales y redes de contactos de las investigadoras, mediante la técnica snowball. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios disponibles en la plataforma Google Forms: uno sobre los impactos de la pandemia en los profesionales y el otro sobre el sufrimiento psíquico. Los datos se analizaron a partir de estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Se observaron impactos en el trabajo de casi todos los participantes, la necesidad de preparación de los profesionales para este nuevo escenario, la percepción de poco apoyo institucional, y casi la mitad de la población estudiada reportaron sentir síntomas de considerable angustia psicológica desde el inicio de la pandemia. Es esencial prestar atención a los signos y síntomas del sufrimiento psíquico, buscando evitar la enfermedad de una categoría profesional que está a la vanguardia de la lucha contra el daño psicológico de la pandemia y cuya propia salud mental se aborda poco en la literatura.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Psychology , Mental Health , Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Anxiety , Orientation , Physicians , Protective Clothing , Respiration , Respiratory Tract Infections , Safety , Attention , Set, Psychology , Social Adjustment , Social Isolation , Stress, Physiological , Stress, Psychological , Awareness , Software , Immunoglobulin M , Adaptation, Psychological , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Irritable Mood , Family , Carrier State , Epidemiologic Factors , Public Health Practice , Quarantine , Sanitation , Hygiene , Public Health , Epidemiology , Risk , Disease Outbreaks , Data Collection , Survival Rate , Mortality , Transportation of Patients , Triage , Contact Tracing , Occupational Health , Immunization , Universal Precautions , Infection Control , Immunization Programs , Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional , Coronavirus , Comprehensive Health Care , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Remote Consultation , Containment of Biohazards , Pulmonary Ventilation , Emergency Plans , Disaster Vulnerability , Declaration of Emergency , Death , Trust , Air Pollution , Ethanol , Economics , Emergencies , Emergency Services, Psychiatric , Empathy , Ethics, Professional , Professional Training , Surveillance of the Workers Health , Family Relations , Family Therapy , Resilience, Psychological , Infectious Disease Incubation Period , Fear , Epidemics , Social Networking , Binge Drinking , Epidemiological Monitoring , Personal Protective Equipment , Emotional Adjustment , Emergency Medical Dispatch , Survivorship , Family Separation , Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological , Embarrassment , Sadness , Teleworking , Physical Distancing , COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing , SARS-CoV-2 , Sociodemographic Factors , Suicide Prevention , Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome , Health Services Research , Immune System , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Anger , Loneliness , Masks , Mass Media , Negativism , Nurses, Male , Nursing AssessmentABSTRACT
Introduction: Childhood cancer is a small proportion of all cancers but is still a major public health problem. Objective: To describe the 5-year incidence and mortality rates and net survival of childhood cancer in Uruguay. Method: Data on all malignant tumors diagnosed in children aged 0-14 were included for the period 2011-2015, obtained from the National Pediatric Registry of Cancer and from the Ministry of Health Mortality Registry, classified according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3). Information on the total population was obtained from national census records. Follow up was made until December 2020. Results: The standardized incidence rate was 128/million children per year. The distribution of the disease was similar to developed countries. The overall mortality rate was 28.2/million, with a net overall survival of 79.6% for the total population. Conclusion: Childhood cancer incidence in Uruguay is similar to developed countries. Progress in diagnosis and care have improved survival immensely, but efforts must continue to keep this trend and ameliorate the outcomes.
Introdução: O câncer em crianças representa uma pequena proporção de todos os cânceres, mas continua a ser um importante problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: Descrever a incidência e a mortalidade, bem como a sobrevida do câncer infantil no Uruguai por um período de cinco anos. Método: Foram incluídos todos os tumores malignos diagnosticados em crianças de 0 a 14 anos de 2011 a 2015. Os dados foram obtidos do Registro Nacional de Câncer e dos Registros de Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde. Os casos foram classificados de acordo com a International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3). A informação total sobre a população foi obtida a partir de registros do censo nacional. O acompanhamento foi feito até dezembro de 2020. Resultados: A taxa de incidência padronizada foi de 128/milhão de crianças por ano. A distribuição foi semelhante à dos países industrializados. A taxa de mortalidade global foi de 28,2/milhão, com sobrevida global líquida de 79,6% para a população total. Conclusão: A incidência de câncer infantil no Uruguai é semelhante à dos países desenvolvidos. Os avanços no diagnóstico e no atendimento melhoraram substancialmente a sobrevida, mas os esforços devem continuar para se obter melhores resultados.
Introducción: El cáncer en los niños constituye una pequeña proporción de todos los cánceres pero continúa siendo un importante problema de salud pública. Objetivo: Describir la incidencia y mortalidad, así como la sobrevida neta del cáncer infantil en nuestro país durante cinco años. Método: Se incluyeron todos los tumores malignos diagnosticados en niños entre 0 y 14 años desde 2011 a 2015. Los datos se obtuvieron del Registro Nacional del Cáncer así como de los Registros de Mortalidad del Ministerio de Salud. Los casos se clasificaron de acuerdo con International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3). La información de la población total fue obtenida de los registros nacionales de censo. El seguimiento se hizo hasta diciembre de 2020. Resultados: La tasa de incidencia estandarizada fue de 128/millón de niños por año. La distribución fue similar a la de los países industrializados. La tasa de mortalidad global fue de 28,2/millón, con una sobrevida global neta de 79,6% para el grupo total. Conclusión: La incidencia de cáncer infantil en Uruguay es similar a la de los países desarrollados. Los avances en el diagnóstico y el cuidado han mejorado notablemente la sobrevida, pero se deben continuar los esfuerzos para seguir mejorando los resultados.
Subject(s)
Child , Infant Mortality , Survival Rate , Neoplasms , UruguayABSTRACT
Synthetic herbicides have been intensively used in weed control, although often involved in environmental contamination, critically affecting non-target species. However, never was investigated the effect of commercial formulation using atrazine on developing juvenile fish exposed for 35 days. Juveniles (Astyanax altiparanae) (n = 600) were assigned to the following ATZ-exposed groups: 0 (CTR-control), 0.56 (ATZ0.56), 1.00 (ATZ1.00), 1.66 (ATZ1.66) and 11.66 (ATZ11.66) µg/L. We found a 36.6% decrease in juvenile survival rate in the ATZ11.66 group compared to control and other groups. Juveniles from ATZ11.66 also showed hyperglycemia and increased cortisol levels. Increased the imbalance oxidative with an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and Carbonylated proteins levels markers in muscle, gills, and liver. We also found increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) in gills and SOD and catalase (CAT) in muscles from ATZ11.66 fish, and increased glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in the liver from all exposed groups compared to control. The morphological consequences of this were loss of secondary lamella integrity, increased mucus-secreting cells, hyperplasia, and lamellar fusion, as well as increased aneurysms percentage. The liver showed vascular congestion associated with endothelial hyperplasia, steatosis, and a decrease in the nuclei percentage. Our results showed that exposure to a commercial formulation of ATZ at 11.66 µg/L can be causing an imbalance in the oxidative markers and morphological damages and decreased survival in a juvenile Neotropical species of great ecological relevance and commercial interest.
Subject(s)
Atrazine/adverse effects , Survival Rate , Oxidative Stress , Fishes , Water Pollution , EcotoxicologyABSTRACT
Com os avanços tecnológicos e o aprimoramento da prática médica via ultrassonografia, já é possível detectar possíveis problemas no feto desde a gestação. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prática do psicólogo no contexto de gestações que envolvem riscos fetais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sob formato de relato de experiência como psicólogo residente no Serviço de Medicina Fetal da Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Os registros, feitos por observação participante e diário de campo, foram analisados em dois eixos temáticos: 1) intervenções psicológicas no trabalho em equipe em consulta de pré-natal, exame de ultrassonografia e procedimento de amniocentese; e 2) intervenções psicológicas em casos de bebês incompatíveis com a vida. Os resultados indicaram que o psicólogo nesse serviço é essencial para atuar de forma multiprofissional na assistência pré-natal para gravidezes de alto risco fetal. Ademais, a preceptoria do residente é relevante para sua formação e treinamento para atuação profissional no campo da psicologia perinatal.(AU)
Face to the technological advances and the improvement of medical practice via ultrasound, it is already possible to detect possible problems in the fetus since pregnancy. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychologist's practice in the context of pregnancies which involve fetal risks. It is a qualitative study based on an experience report as a psychologist trainee at the Fetal Medicine Service of the Maternity School of UFRJ. The records, based on the participant observation and field diary, were analyzed in two thematic axes: 1) psychological interventions in the teamwork in the prenatal attendance, ultrasound examination and amniocentesis procedure; and 2) psychological interventions in cases of babies incompatible to the life. The results indicated that the psychologist in this service is essential to work in a multidisciplinary way at the prenatal care for high fetal risk pregnancies. Furthermore, the resident's preceptorship is relevant to their education and training for professional performance in the field of Perinatal Psychology.(AU)
Con los avances tecnológicos y la mejora de la práctica médica a través de la ecografía, ya se puede detectar posibles problemas en el feto desde el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la práctica del psicólogo en el contexto de embarazos de riesgos fetal. Es un estudio cualitativo basado en un relato de experiencia como residente de psicología en el Servicio de Medicina Fetal de la Escuela de Maternidad de la Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Los registros, realizados en la observación participante y el diario de campo, se analizaron en dos ejes temáticos: 1) intervenciones psicológicas en el trabajo en equipo, en la consulta prenatal, ecografía y los procedimientos de amniocentesis; y 2) intervenciones psicológicas en casos de bebés incompatibles con la vida. Los resultados señalaron como fundamental la presencia del psicólogo en este servicio trabajando de forma multidisciplinar en la atención prenatal en el contexto de embarazos de alto riesgo fetal. Además, la tutela del residente es relevante para su educación y formación para el desempeño profesional en el campo de la Psicología Perinatal.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Psychosocial Intervention , Heart Defects, Congenital , Anxiety , Orientation , Pain , Parent-Child Relations , Parents , Paternity , Patient Care Team , Patients , Pediatrics , Placenta , Placentation , Pregnancy Complications , Pregnancy Maintenance , Prognosis , Psychoanalytic Theory , Psychology , Puerperal Disorders , Quality of Life , Radiation , Religion , Reproduction , Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena , General Surgery , Syndrome , Congenital Abnormalities , Temperance , Therapeutics , Urogenital System , Bioethics , Physicians' Offices , Infant, Premature , Labor, Obstetric , Pregnancy , Pregnancy, Animal , Pregnancy Outcome , Adaptation, Psychological , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Echocardiography , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Family , Abortion, Spontaneous , Child Rearing , Child Welfare , Mental Health , Family Health , Survival Rate , Life Expectancy , Cause of Death , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Chromosome Mapping , Parental Leave , Mental Competency , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Recessive , Down Syndrome , Perinatal Care , Comprehensive Health Care , Chemical Compounds , Depression, Postpartum , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Disabled Children , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Gravidity , Crisis Intervention , Affect , Cytogenetic Analysis , Spirituality , Complicity , Value of Life , Humanizing Delivery , Death , Decision Making , Defense Mechanisms , Abortion, Threatened , Delivery of Health Care , Dementia , Uncertainty , Organogenesis , Qualitative Research , Pregnant Women , Early Diagnosis , Premature Birth , Nuchal Translucency Measurement , Child Mortality , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Postpartum Period , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological , Ethanol , Ego , Emotions , Empathy , Environment , Humanization of Assistance , User Embracement , Ethics, Professional , Cell Nucleus Shape , Prenatal Nutrition , Cervical Length Measurement , Family Conflict , Family Therapy , Resilience, Psychological , Reproductive Physiological Phenomena , Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications , Gestational Sac , Brief, Resolved, Unexplained Event , Fetal Death , Embryonic and Fetal Development , Multimodal Imaging , Mortality, Premature , Clinical Decision-Making , Pediatric Emergency Medicine , Child, Foster , Freedom , Burnout, Psychological , Birth Setting , Frustration , Sadness , Respect , Psychological Distress , Genetics , Psychological Well-Being , Obstetricians , Guilt , Happiness , Health Occupations , Hospitalization , Hospitals, Maternity , Hospitals, University , Human Development , Human Rights , Imagination , Infections , Infertility , Anencephaly , Jurisprudence , Obstetric Labor Complications , Licensure , Life Change Events , Life Support Care , Loneliness , Love , Medical Staff, Hospital , Intellectual Disability , Morals , Mothers , Narcissism , Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities , Neonatology , Nervous System Malformations , Object AttachmentABSTRACT
El abordaje nutricional en los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacimiento constituye un desafío en la práctica clínica de los neonatólogos, y muchas veces se aborda fuera del período crítico. Existe evidencia contundente de que la optimización nutricional precoz impacta en forma directamente proporcional en la sobrevida y sobrevida sin morbilidades mayores para este grupo. La implementación de lactancia materna precoz en este contexto debe ser una prioridad del equipo asistencial, siendo la mejora de calidad una herramienta de demostrada utilidad para mejorar los resultados en términos de mortalidad y morbilidad neonatal.
The nutritional approach of the very low birth weight infant poses a great challenge to most neonatologists in their clinical practice, and it is frequently delayed until de newborn is in stable clinical conditions. Currently, scientific evidence supports that early nutritional optimization impacts directly on this group's survival and on their survival without major morbidities. Initiatives fostering early breastfeeding should be prioritized by the healthcare team. Quality improvement has shown to be a very useful resource to improve outcomes regarding neonatal mortality and morbidities.
A abordagem nutricional do recém-nascido de muito baixo peso representa um grande desafio para a maioria dos neonatologistas em sua prática clínica, sendo frequentemente postergada até que o recém-nascido esteja em condições clínicas estáveis. Atualmente, evidências científicas sustentam que a otimização nutricional precoce impacta diretamente na sobrevivência desse grupo e na sobrevivência sem maiores morbidades. Iniciativas de incentivo ao aleitamento materno precoce devem ser priorizadas pela equipe de saúde. A melhoria da qualidade tem se mostrado um recurso muito útil para melhorar os desfechos em relação à mortalidade e morbidades neonatais.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Quality of Health Care/standards , Breast Feeding , Infant, Premature , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Infant Mortality , Survival Rate , Quality Improvement , Infant Death/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Peritoneal tumours have a large population and a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options available, and are common originated from gastric, colorectal, appendix and other cancers. Traditionally, peritoneal tumours have long been considered to be a terminal condition with a median survival of 3-6 months, and the palliative symptomatic treatment is recommended. Recently, the multimodal therapeutic strategy of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has resulted in more effective on the prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastasis, which can significantly improve the survival and quality of life. Under the guidance of the China Anti-Cancer Association (CACA), the "CACA Guidelines for Holistic Integrative Management of Cancer-Peritoneal Tumours" was jointly completed by experts in related fields organized by the Chinese Society of Peritoneal Oncology. This guideline is guided by the concept of integrative medicine and focuses on the domestic epidemiology, genetic background and original studies. It emphasizes the multidisciplinary team to holistic integrative medicine (MDT to HIM), and pays attention to the whole-course management of "prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation". This guideline mainly focuses on peritoneal metastasis from gastrointestinal tumours, aiming to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment process, and jointly promote the management of peritoneal metastasis in China.
Subject(s)
Humans , Peritoneal Neoplasms/secondary , Combined Modality Therapy , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Prognosis , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Gastrointestinal Tract , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures/methods , Survival RateABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of lung metastasis in patients with cervical cancer after treatment. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 191 patients with lung metastasis of stage Ⅰa-Ⅲb cervical cancer (FIGO 2009 stage) treated in Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Kaplan Meier method and Log rank test were used for survival analysis, and Cox regression model was used for prognostic factors analysis. Results: Among 191 patients with lung metastasis of cervical cancer, pulmonary metastasis was found in 134 patients (70.2%) during follow-up examination, and 57 patients (29.8%) had clinical symptoms (cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, and fever). The time from the initial treatment of cervical cancer to the discovery of lung metastasis was 1-144 months in the whole group, with a median time of 19 months. Univariate analysis of the prognosis of lung metastasis after treatment of cervical cancer showed that the diameter of cervical tumor, lymph node metastasis, positive surgical margin, disease-free interval after treatment of cervical cancer, whether it is accompanied by other metastasis, the number, location and maximum diameter of lung metastasis, and the treatment method after lung metastasis are related to the prognosis of patients with lung metastasis of cervical cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of lung metastases and other site metastases in addition to lung metastases were independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with lung metastases of cervical cancer (P<0.05). Conclusions: For patients with cervical cancer, attention should be paid to chest CT examination during follow-up to guard against the possibility of lung metastasis after treatment. Besides lung metastasis, other site metastasis and the number of lung metastasis are independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with lung metastasis of cervical cancer. For patients with lung metastasis after treatment of cervical cancer, surgical treatment is an effective treatment. It is necessary to strictly grasp the surgical indications, and some patients can achieve long-term survival. For patients with lung metastasis of cervical cancer who are not suitable for resection of lung metastasis, the remedial treatment of chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy is still a recommended choice.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Prognosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Survival RateABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in Qidong from 1972 to 2016, and provide a basis for the prognosis evaluation and prevention for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Methods: A total of 1 060 registered nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were followed up for survival outcomes until December 31, 2021. Observed survival rate (OSR) and relative survival rate (RSR) was calculated by Hakulinen method in SURV3.01 software, and Hakulinen's likelihood ratio test was used for statistical difference comparison. Age-standardized relative survival rate (ARSR) was calculated according to the International Cancer Survival Standard (ICSS). Joinpoint 4.7.0.0 software was used to conduct the annual average percentage change (AAPC) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma survival rate. The period from 1972 to 2016 is divided into 9 periods for grouping processing according to 5 years. Results: The OSR of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at 1, 5, 10 years were 63.02%, 34.70% and 24.72%, the RSR at 1, 5, 10 years were 64.44%, 38.98% and 31.64%, respectively. The uptrends of RSR in the nine periods were statistically significant (χ(2)=112.16, P<0.001). The 1, 5, 10 years RSR for males were 62.66%, 35.89% and 27.94%, while the 1, 5, 10 years RSR for females were 68.30%, 45.67% and 39.68%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in RSR between males and females (χ(2)=14.16, P=0.656). The 5-year RSR for the age groups of 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and over 75 years old were 52.83%, 40.92%, 42.64%, 38.65%, 27.23% and 28.88%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in RSR among different age groups (χ(2)=42.33, P=0.003). Moreover, the ARSR of nasopharyngeal carcinoma at 1, 5, 10 years were 63.64%, 37.33% and 27.10%, for males were 61.82%, 35.60% and 25.20%, for females were 68.36%, 43.12% and 32.93%. Period trend showed that the AAPC of 5-ARSR was 2.71% (t=7.47, P<0.001) from 1972 to 2016 in Qidong. The AAPC of 5-ARSR in males and females were 2.63% (t=4.98, P=0.002) and 2.71% (t=6.08, P=0.001). There was statistically significant increase in 5-year ARSR among both genders. Furthermore, the AAPC of 5-year RSR among 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 and 75+ years old were 2.16% (t=4.28, P=0.004), 3.38% (t=5.06, P=0.001), 1.99% (t=2.82, P=0.026), 2.82% (t=3.39, P=0.012), 2.20% (t=2.82, P=0.026) and -0.91% (t=-0.42, P=0.689), respectively. Except for the 75+ years old age group, the other age groups were significantly upward trend. Conclusions: The overall survival rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Qidong from 1972 to 2016 has shown an upward trend. It is necessary to introduce standardized multi-disciplinary treatment mode to improve treatment effect and survival rate.