Clinicopathological features and prognosis analysis of salivary duct carcinoma / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To summarize the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) patients.@*Methods@#This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from the patients. The clinical data of 30 SDC patients who were admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2014 to 2022, including case records, pathological diagnoses, immunohistochemical indicators, treatment methods, follow-up data, and other data, were retrospectively analyzed. SPSS 26.0 software was used to process the data and construct relevant curves. The chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between different immunohistochemical indices and the recurrence and metastasis of SDC, and a single factor was used to analyze clinical prognostic factors.@*Results@#Among the 30 SDC patients, the male-to-female ratio was 5∶1, with a median age of 61.5 years. Approximately 60% of cases occurred in the parotid gland, whereas the remainder occurred in the submaxillary gland, sublingual gland, or minor salivary gland. Among them, 19 patients were androgen receptor-positive, 23 patients were human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive, and 26 patients were Ki-67 positive. Postoperative follow-up was 18-94 months, with a median follow-up of 37 months. There were 13 cases of recurrence and 14 cases of distant metastasis. The 5-year overall survival rate was only 31.2%. The long-term survival of patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy was better than that of patients who underwent surgery alone (P= 0.027). T stage and lymph node invasion were associated with prognosis and survival (P<0.05). There was a correlation between a Ki-67-positive cell count ≥ 40% and postoperative recurrence or metastasis (P = 0.025).@*Conclusion@#Radical surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy is helpful for improving long-term overall survival, and tumor T stage and lymph node metastasis may be the main factors affecting the prognosis of patients with SDC. Patients with Ki-67-positive cell counts ≥ 40% are prone to postoperative recurrence or metastasis.

Metabolomics study of Berberidis Radix in intervening ulcerative colitis based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国中药杂志

The effect of Tujia medicine Berberidis Radix on endogenous metabolites in the serum and feces of mice with ulcerative colitis(UC) induced by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) was analyzed by metabolomics technology to explore the metabolic pathway and underlying mechanism of Berberidis Radix in the intervention of UC. The UC model was induced in mice by DSS. Body weight, disease activity index(DAI), and colon length were recorded. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-10(IL-10) in colon tissues were determined by ELISA. The levels of endogenous metabolites in the serum and feces were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed to characterize and screen differential metabolites. The potential metabolic pathways were analyzed by MetaboAnalyst 5.0. The results showed that Berberidis Radix could significantly improve the symptoms of UC mice and increase the level of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. A total of 56 and 43 differential metabolites were identified in the serum and feces, respectively, belonging to lipids, amino acids, fatty acids, etc. After the intervention by Berberidis Radix, the metabolic disorder gradually recovered. The involved metabolic pathways included biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Berberidis Radix can alleviate the symptoms of mice with DSS-induced UC, and the mechanism may be closely related to the re-gulation of lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism.

Research progress of lipoprotein a in cardiovascular diseases / 重庆医学

Lipoprotein a[Lp(a)]is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.This paper summarizes the structure,anabolism and mechanism of action of Lp(a),and the relationship between Lp(a)and cardiovascular diseases,liver and kidney diseases,diabetes mellitus and other diseases.It focuses on the traditional lipid-low-ering regimen to reduce plasma Lp(a)level and the current popular novel therapies,such as mipomersen,pel-acarsen,olpasiran,and the interfering effect of related drugs on Lp(a)level and the degree of benefit on cardi-ovascular events.How to reduce plasma Lp(a)level and improve patient prognosis will be the key to future Lp(a)related research.

Sleeping quality in civil aviation pilots and associated influence factors / 环境与职业医学

Background Civil aviation pilots are actual operators of civil aircraft. Their job operations are directly associated with passenger safety and flight safety. Unsafe aviation operations are related to fatigue caused by poor sleep quality. Recently, with the promotion of China's air transportation business, irregular working hours of civil aviation pilots rise gradually. However, there is still a lack of relevant research on the influence of working conditions on sleep quality in this group. Objective To explore potential impact factors of sleep quality among civil aviation pilots, for the purposes of improving sleep quality and health level of this group and ensuring aviation flight safety by formulating health management suggestions in a targeted manner. Methods All pilots of an aviation company were approached when they visited the Shanghai Hospital of Civil Aviation Administration of China for their health examinations. After informed consent, an online questionnaire survey was conducted. Self-made questionnaires were used to collect information on general conditions, lifestyle, and subjective work stress levels. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. A total of 1204 valid questionnaires were recovered. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software. Results There were 410 pilots (16.8%) who reported sleep disorders, including insufficient sleep time, difficulty falling asleep, and poor sleep quality, and 894 pilots (74.3%) who reported moderate to severe work stress. Associations were identified between sleep quality of pilots and work stress or lifestyle indicators (P<0.05), while work stress showed the strongest association (r=0.28). Further multiple-factor analysis results showed that severe work stress (OR=4.25, 95%CI: 2.89, 6.30) and alcohol use (OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.31, 2.27) associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders. Regular breakfast (OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.42, 0.91) and physical exercise (OR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.45, 1.03) associated with a lower risk of sleep disorders. Conclusion A certain degree of sleep disturbance is reported in the civil aviation pilot group, which is closely related to work stress and lifestyle indicators. Targeted measures must be taken to effectively improve the quality of their sleep.

Chinese Medicine in Treating Diabetic Renal Fibrosis： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Diabetic nephropathy （DN） is among the common microvascular complications of diabetes. In recent years， the incidence has been on the rise with the increase in prevalence of diabetes， threatening the health of human. The early stage of DN is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix （ECM） and thickening of glomerular basement membrane which result in glomerular mesangial proliferation and massive collagen deposition. The late stage features glomerular sclerosis and renal fibrosis （RF）. It has been confirmed that RF is the key pathological process for the development of DN. Therefore， it is the research focus to explore the pathogenesis and treatment methods of RF. It has been frequently verified that Chinese medicine is superior in the treatment of diabetic RF. It relieves diabetic RF by regulating transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）， secretory glycoprotein （Wnt）/β-catenin， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， Notch， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）， and other signaling pathways. Therefore， this paper reviews the pathogenesis of diabetic RF and the treatment with Chinese medicine， which is expected to serve as a reference for clinical application of Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic RF.

Research progress on the psychological impacts of passive social media using among adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#This paper summarizes the psychological impacts of passive social media use on adolescents by systematically reviewing the existing domestic and foreign literature about passive social media use. The results showed that the psychological impacts of passive social media use included cognitive outcomes (self concept clarity, self esteem), affective outcomes (depression, anxiety, envy, loneliness), subjective well being (life satisfaction), more types of social media (social short form video), detailed information on forms of passive use, as well as possible impacts (positive psychological, social, and behavioral outcomes) on teenagers and college students should be exlpored by utilizing multiple methods(longitudinal study, the grounded theory) are expected in future studies.

Hypoglycemic effects of Tibetan medicine Huidouba in STZ-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Huidouba (HDB) is a Chinese folk medicine used to treat diabetes in Sichuan Province, China. Therefore, we investigated the anti-diabetic effects of HDB and its underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized that HDB treatment could enhance glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and thus prevent a hyperglycemia state. Methods: To test the hypothesis, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice, widely used models of hyperglycemia and insulin-resistant diabetes, were either treated with HDB, metformin, or acarbose. Blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, pancreatic histopathology and serum biochemistry were detected to assess the hypoglycemic effect of HDB. Results: HDB treatments were found to show the effect in reducing glucose levels. HDB also resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and food intake in the STZ-induced diabetic mouse model. Furthermore, it significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance in the two diabetic mouse models. Importantly, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, and somatostatin immunohistochemistry revealed that HDB treatment improved the function and the location of the cells in the islets compared with the other two treatments. HDB treatment resulted in significant restoration of islet function. Our results illustrated the underlying mechanism of HDB in the progression of diabetes, and HDB can be an effective agent for the treatment of diabetes. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that HDB can reduce blood glucose levels in STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice and db/db mice.

Epidemiological investigation of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing. Methods: We designed a tinnitus epidemiological questionnaire. The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling methods was applied to obtain study subjects in six areas (Nanchong, Jiangjin, Fengdu, Yunyang, Suining and Ya'an), which were selected for epidemiological investigation. Home visit completion of epidemiological questionnaires was conducted. The trained investigators guided the respondents to fill in the tinnitus epidemiological questionnaires, and the epidemiological status of six areas on prevalence and risk factor was investigated. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Sampling population were 10 289, in which 9 273 were valid questionnaires. There were 4 281 males and 4 992 females, with an average age of 47.3 years, among which 34.83% (3 230/9 273) had tinnitus. 3.99% (370/9 273) were diagnosed with bothersome tinnitus. In a multivariable logistic regression mod, the following factors were associated with onsetting of tinnitus: sleep disorder [Odds Ratio(OR)=3.74] and noise exposure(OR=1.99). The risk of disease was lowest in the age of 30-40 years old, while the risk of disease was higher for people under 30 and over 40. In another multivariable logistic regression mode, the following factors were associated with having bothersome tinnitus: older people were more likely to suffer from tinnitus, sleep disorders (OR=4.68) and noise exposure (OR=1.56). Conclusions: The prevalence of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing is about 34.83%, but most of the tinnitus is short-lived and has low loudness, which will not affect the patients. Only a small number of patients with tinnitus (3.99%) persist and affect their health and need treatment. The occurrence and exacerbation of tinnitus may be related to sleep, age, and noise exposure.

Effect of Kangquan Recipe () on BAMBI Expression in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Prostate in Rats with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Kangquan Recipe (, KQR) on bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) expression and its mechanism in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).@*METHODS@#Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups using a random number table, with 8 in each group: the normal group (normal saline 10 mL/kg), the model group (normal saline 10 mL/kg), the finasteride group (0.5 mg/kg), the low-dose KQR group (3.5 g/kg), the middle-dose KQR group (7 g/kg), and the high-dose KQR group (14 g/kg). The 40 rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate after castration for 30 days to establish the BPH rat model except for those in the normal group. At the same time, the corresponding drugs were administered by gavage for 30 consecutive days. The effects of different doses of KQR on the protate wet weight, prostate volume and prostate index (PI) were observed. The changes in histopathology were monitored with hematoxylin-eosin staining. BAMBI protein and mRNA expression contents were determined by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.@*RESULTS@#All doses of KQR could decrease prostatic epithelial tissue proliferation. Compared to the model group, the high and middle-dose KQR significantly reduced prostate wet weight, prostate volume and PI; increased BAMBI protein expression in the hypothalamus, pituitary and prostate tissue; all doses of KQR up-regulated BAMBI mRNA expression in serum, prostatic fluid and prostate tissue (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#KQR could inhibit the proliferation of rat prostatic tissue, promote BAMBI protein expression in the hypothalamic-pituitary-prostate of rats with BPH; and increase BAMBI mRNA expression in the blood, prostatic fluid and prostate tissue of rats with BPH, showing a dose-effect relationship. KQR can be used as a potential drug for the treatment of BPH.

Huidouba Ameliorates Kidney Oxidative Stress Injury by Down-regulating Nox4 Expression in Rats with Diabetic Nephropathy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:From a new perspective，to explore therapeutic effect of Huidouba (HDB) on alleviating kidney oxidative damage in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and provide a scientific basis for developing HDB as a potential Tibetan medicine for treatment of DN. Method:Rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and injected with streptozocin (STZ, 65 mg·kg-1) intraperitoneally to induce DN model, while rats in Blank group were injected with an equal volume of vehicle and fed with normal chow. The successfully modeling DN rats were randomly divided into three groups, 8 rats per group, DN model group (10 mL·kg-1·d-1), Metformin group (0.045 g·kg-1·d-1) and HDB group (0.18 g·kg-1·d-1). Monitor body weight (BW) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) weekly, and collect 24 hours urine before and after medication to examine microalbuminuria (mAlb). Calculate kidney index (KI) after sacrificing, analyze mAlb, serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) with a fully automatic biochemical analyzer. Histopathology of kidney was observed by Masson staining. Lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kit was used to examine MDA content in kidney tissue. Nox4, as a subtype of triphosphopyridine nucleotide (NADPH) oxidase family was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence assay of kidney tissue. Result:Compared with blank group, levels of FBG, 24 h mAlb, SCr, BUN and MDA in DN model group were increased (P<0.01), tissue damage was obvious and Nox4 expression in glumeruli was increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with DN model group, levels of FBG, 24 h mAlb, SCr, BUN and MDA in drug administration groups were decreased (P<0.01), kidney injury was alleviated and Nox4 expression was down-regulated（P<0.01）. Conclusion:HDB as a Yiqiyangyin Tibetan medicine, could ease oxidative stress injury of kidney and reduce proteinuria in DN rats, thus prevent the development of DN. Its mechanism is closely related to down-regulating Nox4 expression of kidney tissue in DN rats.

Research progress and development space of microRNA in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Full-understanding of the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA) in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration at the cellular and molecular levels can provides new idea for the early prevention or treatment of a series of spinal diseases to intervertebral disc degeneration. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research status of the role of miRNA in the cause and mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. METHODS: A computed-based online retrieval of PubMed, Wanfang and CNKI databases was conducted with the keywords of “miRNA, intervertebral disc degeneration, extracellular matrix, apoptosis, autophagy, cartilage endplate, nucleus pulposus, fibrous ring” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally 58 eligible articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The role of miRNA in intervertebral disc degeneration has been widely studied, and some of the specific mechanisms have been verified. Most of the studies are limited to the nucleus pulposus, and there are few reports on cartilage endplate and annulus fibrosus. With the in-depth study of miRNA, there is still much space for clinical research.

Analysis of the development status of acupuncture and moxibustion in Malaysia / 中国针灸

The acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM was introduced into Malaysia since fourteenth century. After several centuries of precipitation and accumulation, acupuncture and moxibustion showed vigorous vitality in Malaysia. This article provides an overview of the development of acupuncture in Malaysia from a full-time education in acupuncture, association, policy support for acupuncture, clinical application and scientific research, etc. With the frequent exchanges between the traditional medical community in Malaysia and the Chinese medicine community in mainland China, the spread of acupuncture in Malaysia has been greatly promoted.

Pericarp and seed of litchi and longan fruits: constituent, extraction, bioactive activity, and potential utilization / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) and longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruits have a succulent and white aril with a brown seed and are becoming popular worldwide. The two fruits have been used in traditional Chinese medicine as popular herbs in the treatment of neural pain, swelling, and cardiovascular disease. The pericarp and seed portions as the by-products of litchi and longan fruits are estimated to be approximately 30% of the dry weight of the whole fruit and are rich in bioactive constituents. In the recent years, many biological activities, such as tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-glycated, and anti-cancer activities, as well as memory-increasing effects, have been reported for the litchi and longan pericarp and seed extracts, indicating a potentially significant contribution to human health. With the increasing production of litchi and longan fruits, enhanced utilization of the two fruit by-products for their inherent bioactive constituents in relation to pharmacological effects is urgently needed. This paper reviews the current advances in the extraction, processing, identification, and biological and pharmacological activities of constituents from litchi and longan by-products. Potential utilization of litchi and longan pericarps and seeds in relation to further research is also discussed.

Study on the etiology of rash and fever illness in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2010 to 2017 / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the pathogens spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of rash and fever illness (RFIs) from January 2010 to December 2017 in Pudong New Area, in order to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control ofRFIs.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the pathogens of enterovirus, measles virus, rubella virus and others from 2 831 clinical samples, and statistical analysis was performed.Results Pathogens were found in 1 633 samples in total, accounting for 68.59%. The top 4 viruses in the pathogen spectrum were enterovirus (52.54%), measles virus (28.54%), rubella virus (13.04%), and varicella-zoster virus (3.37%). There was significnat difference in the detection rate of rubella pathogens among patients of different genders(P=0.026). In the pathogen spectrum of infections of different age groups, the detection rate of enteroviruses at the age of 3-6 years was higher than that of other age groups. The detection rate of varicella-zoster virus at the age of 6-18 years old was higher than that of other age groups. The detection rate of virus including measles virus, rubella virus, dengue virus and small DNA virus in age of 18 and older was higher than that of other age groups. There was significant difference in the detection rate of pathogens in different age groups (all P<0.05).The incidence of RFIs was the highest in spring (41.52%) and the lowest in winter (15.00%). There was a statistical difference in the detection rate of enterovirus, measles, rubella and dengue virus in different seasons (P<0.05).Conclusions Enteroviruses and measles viruses are the main pathogens leading to RFIs in Pudong New Area, and the activity level of RFIs pathogens should be monitored for a long time.

A study on the degradation of anti-influenza drug GZ830 / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of anti-influenza drug GZ830 and its related substances, and investigate the degradation of GZ830. Methods The degradation of GZ830 under the conditions with different pH and temperatures was investigated with HPLC method to explore the degradation principle. Results The HPLC method for the determination of GZ830 was established. The linear relationship between the drug and the peak area was good in the concentration range of 160-1200 μg/ml (r=0.9998). GZ830 was easily degraded under alkaline conditions and could not tolerate high temperatures. The degradation of GZ80 did not occur when its aqueous solution was kept at 40℃ for 6 h. However, after heating at 80℃ for 6 h, about 2.4％GZ80 was degraded and the degradation rate reached about 7％ after kept at 115℃ for 30 min. Conclusion Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, GZ830 was well separated from the degraded products, and the HPLC method possessed high sensitivity and good specificity for the determination of GZ80, and the degradation of GZ80 was different under different conditions.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of transcription factors with congenital heart diseases in the Chinese population: a Meta analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of transcription factors (NKX2.5, GATA4, TBX5, and FOG2) with congenital heart disease (CHD) in the Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and Weipu Data were searched for articles on the association of SNPs of target genes with CHD in the Chinese population. If one locus was mentioned in at least two articles, the random or fixed effect model was used to perform a pooled analysis of study results and to calculate the pooled OR and its 95%CI. If a locus was mentioned in only one article, related data were extracted from this article to analyze the association between the SNPs of this locus and CHD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-three articles were included. The Meta analysis showed that there were significant differences between the CHD and control groups in the genotype and allele frequencies of GATA4 rs1139244 and rs867858 and the genotype frequency of GATA4 rs904018, while there were no significant differences in the SNPs of the other genetic loci between the two groups. The single-article analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in the allele frequencies of NKX2.5 rs118026695/rs703752, GATA4 rs884662/rs12825/rs12458/rs3203358/rs4841588, and TBX5 rs6489956. There were no significant differences in the SNPs of FOG2 locus between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The SNPs of some loci in NKX2.5, GATA4, and TBX5 are associated with CHD in the Chinese population, but the association between the SNPs of FOG2 locus and the development of CHD has not been found yet.</p>

The metabolic profilings study of serum and spinal cord from acute spinal cord injury rats ¹H NMR spectroscopy / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the rat model of acute spinal cord injury, followed by aprimary study on this model with ¹H NMR based on metabonomics and to explore the metabonomics and biomarkers of spinal cord injury rat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty eight-week-old adult male SD rats of clean grade, with body weight of (200±10) g, were divided into sham operation group and model group in accordance with the law of random numbers, and every group had 10 rats. The rats of sham operation group were operated without damaging the spinal cord, and rats of model group were made an animal model of spinal cord incomplete injury according to the modified Allen's method. According to BBB score to observate the motor function of rats on the 1th, 5th, and 7th days after surgery. Postoperative spinal cord tissue was collected in order to pathologic observation at the 7th day, and the metabolic profilings of serum and spinal cord from spinal cord injury rats were studied by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The hindlimb motion of rats did not obviously change in sham operation group, there was no significant difference at each time point;and rats of model group occurred flaccid paralysis of both lower extremities, there was a significant difference at each time; there was significant differences between two groups at each time. Pathological results showed the spinal cord structure was normal with uniform innervation in shame group, while in model group, the spinal cord structure was mussy, and the neurons were decreased, with inflammatory cells and necrotic tissue. Analysis of metabonomics showed that concentration of very low density fat protein (VLDL), low density fat protein (LDL), glutamine, citric acid, dimethylglycine (DMG) in the serum and glutathione, 3-OH-butyrate, N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA), glycerophosphocholine (GPC), glutamic acid, and ascorbate in spinal cord had significant changes(<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are significant differences in metabolic profile from serum and spinal cord sample between model group and sham operation group, it conduces to explain the changes of small molecular substances in serum and spinal cord tissue after spinal cord injury, this provides the research basis for targeted research on the role of metabolic markers in patients with acute spinal cord injury.</p>

Research progress on treatment of diabetes with Tibetan medicine Huidouba / 中草药

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive failure of β cell. It becomes a major disease and causes much attention because of high incidence, high disability, and high morbidity. Traditional Chinese medicine and ethical minority medicine have certain effects on diabetes, such as regulating lipid and losing weight, improving insulin resistance, and reducing hypoglycemia risk, and also have obvious advantage in therapy for vascular complication. Studies show that Tibetan Huidouba can improve metabolism of blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in diabetic animal. The metabolism includes inhibiting α-glycosidase enzyme, activating peroxisome proliferators activated receptors (PPAR), and inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate coenzyme II (NADPH) oxidase.

Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Tripterygium Wilfordii / 中国药师

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii. Methods: The compounds from Tripterygium wilfordii were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and prep-HPLC chromatography, and their structures were elucidated based on the physiochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. Results:Twelve compounds were isolated and iden-tified as wilforgine(1),wilforine(2),triptonoterpene methyl ether(3),glut-5-en-3β,28-diol(4),wilforol E(5),triptobenzene L (6),maytenoic acid(7),triptophenolide(8),celastrol(9),demethylzeylasteral(10),1-desacetyl wilforgine(11) and wilfortrine (12). Conclusion:The 1D and 2D NMR data of 1 and 2 are assigned for the first time,and the absolute configurations of 1 are con-firmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction.

Establishment of an anxiety-like gastric hypersensitivity rat model of functional dyspepsia induced by a new method of sequential stress / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To establish an anxiety-like gastric hypersensitivity ( GHS) rat model of functional dyspep-sia induced by new sequential stress. Methods Twenty-six male 1-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly di-vided into control and model groups ( n=13 in each group) . The model rats received sequential stress from postnatal day 2:neonatal maternal separation (NMS), acute gastric irritation (AGI) and restraint stress (RS). The control rats were reared freely with their mothers without undergoing the sequential stress. From postnatal 8th week all rats started to receive elevated plus maze ( EPM ) , open field test ( OF ) , abdominal withdrawal reflex ( AWR ) and electromyographic test ( EMG) . Results EPM and OF experiments depicted that the model rats showed obvious anxiety-like behavior ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). AWR and EMG tests exhibited that the model rats had elevated gastric hypersensitivity to gastric distention (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusions An anxiety-like GHS rat model of functional dyspepsia can be successfully estab-lished with our new method of sequential stress.