Oedematous skin disease in buffaloes [diagnosis and treatment]

Skin lesions in affected buffaloes were either closed [166 cases] or open [81 cases]. Forms of closed lesions [non-suppurative] included regional oedema [96], subcutaneous nodules [60] and granulating overgrowth [10]. According to duration of the disease open lesions [suppurative] were acute [47], sub-acute [19] or chronic [15]. Animals treated with combination of systemic anti-inflammatory, anthelmentic drugs and antibiotics showed the highest response. It was concluded that the use of broad spectrum anthelmentic [like ivermectine or levamisole] in combination with antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drugs can increase the response to treatment by improving unspecific immunity; the effect of the exotoxins of C. pseudotuberculosis indicates that further researches for production of toxoid are essential for controlling the disease

new approach for MRSA blind chemotherapy

In a trial to update the blind chemotherapy for methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus [MRSA], the resistance profiles of six different MRSA isolates, from diabetic foot ulcers, were evaluated using 39 different antibiotics representing 6 groups. MIC values for individual antibiotics and in combination with each of garlic oil [GO] from Allium sativum, Nigella sativa oil [NSO], or olive [Olea europea] leaf extract [OLE] were determined and statistically analyzed. Extracellular protein profiles of each MRSA isolates under the action of each antibiotic alone or in combination with each herbal product were determined and compared via SDSPAGE. Also, the proteolytic activity [as a parameter of bacterial virulence] was visualized using the non-denatured gel electrophoresis. None of the six MRSA isolates found to have the same antibiotic resistance fingerprint. The same was observed for both extracellular proteins profiles and the proteolytic activities. Average MICs for different antibiotic groups was cephalosporins > penicillin > amino-glycosides > Miscellaneous> macrolides > Ouinolones. Addition of the three herbal extracts to different antibiotics was obviously synergistic. Order of synergistic capacity with different antibiotics was generally NSO > GO > OLE. Among Aminoglycosides, gentamicin and tobramycin were the best; for cephalosporins, cefipime and cefpirome; for penicillins, penicillin G and ampicillin; for macrolides, roxithromycin and azithromycin; for quinolones, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin; imipenim and spectinmycin from the miscellaneous group

Common presenting symptoms diagnosis and management of angiofibroma - a study of twenty cases

Objective: To determine common presenting symptoms, age, disease extent; and the efficacy of different surgical approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of Angiofibroma of nasopharynx

Design: All prepubertal and adolescent patients presenting with nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis, denasal speech, conductive deafness and anaemic look, reporting to our dept for consultancy were evaluated

Setting: Patients were diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination, and CT scan with contrast. Tumour excision was performed through lateral rhinotomy; lateral Rhinotomy plus Weber, Weber Fergusson and U-shaped trans palatal approaches

Subjects: Twenty patients with suggestive history, clinical examination and CT scan findings were operated for excision of tumour

Main Outcome Measures: CT scan with contrast was found most valuable investigation. Lateral rhinotomy incision was found useful for angiofibromas with extension into pterygopalatine fossa, and Weber-Fergusson approach for tumors occupying infratemporal fossa

Results: All patients were male, mean age 17.25 years. 80% presented with epistaxis, 10% with denasal speech and conductive deafness. Tumour was excised through lateral rhinotomy 8 [40%], lateral Rhinotomy plus Weber in 4 [20%]. Weber Fergusson 4[20%] and U-shaped trans palatal 4[20%]. Tumor was limited to nasopharynx [4[29%], retromaxillary space 8[40%], into pterygopalatine fossa 6[30%], and infratemporal fossa 2 [10%]. All tumors were excised completely

Conclusion: Angiofibroma of nasopharynx should be suspected in young adolescent males presenting with epistaxis or denasal speech. CT scan with contrast is the key investigation and lateral rhinotomy alone or in combination with Weber is suitable for tumours of nose, nesopharynx or more widespread

Studies on the umbilical affections in calves

A total number of 2102 calves was examined raging in age from one day to nine months. Thirteen cattle and buffalo farms in different areas of Upper Egypt were visited regularly. The common umbilical affections were studied in relation to housing and breeding systems, breed, age, sex and other accompanying diseases. The results showed that umbilical masses should not be dealt with a simple entity, but the different possible etiological factors should be considered. Moreover, surgical intervention proved to be the ensured way to deal with cases of umbilical masses individually

Suinin an antibiotic produced by a mutant of streptomyces nasri [Hashim and Diab]

Suinin is an antibiotic produced by a nitrosoguanidine mutant of Streptomyces isuri. This antibiotic is active against Gram-positive bacteria. The effect of temperature, pH, xubation period in addition to trace elements and different carbon and nitrogen sources on both growth and antibiotic production were investigated

Suinin, an antibiotic produced by a mutant of stretomtyces nasri [Hashem and Diab]

Suinin, is an aromatic anti-Gram-positive antibiotic obtained from a nitrosoguanidine mutant of Streptomyces nasri. The antibiotic was purified as reddish needles [Ig/OL]. UV, 1R,H-NMR,[13C-]NMR and mass spectra were performed in addition to Cosy and APT tests. The chemical formula of suinin was found to C[31]H[37]NO[5]. A proposed structure for suinin is included. The MIC for suinin against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 was 1.5mg/ml, 2.0mg/ml against both Sarcina lutea OSUCC 495 and Staphylococcus aureus OSUCC 209 and 2.5mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus OSUCC.680. Also, the interaction of suinin with some representatives of the widely used antibiotics was investigated. The result of this investigation recommended suinin to be an acceptable synergizer for some -lactam antibiotics, most aminoglycosidic antibiotics and some miscellaneous as polymyxin B, chtoramphenicol, minocycline, fusidic acid and rifampicin

Neopterin; a marker of activation of cell mediated immunity in acute and chronic leukemias

In the current study, serum neopterin was tested in 20 patients with acute and chronic leukemia before the initiation of therapy and compared to 10 heatly age, sex matched volunteers. Serum neopterin was significantly higher among patients with leukemias when compared to controls [P <0.01] with a mean serum neopterin of 8.64 +/- 6.38 ng/ml vs 2.68 +/- 1.73 ng/ml. The highest levels of neopterin were observed in patients with CML who showed a very highly significant increase in neopterin levels [P <0.001], the highest level of 27 ng/ml being observed in a patients in an accelerated phase. In contrast, patients with CLL did not show elevated neopterin levels when compared to controls [P >0.05]. In patients with acute leukemias, on the other hand, levels were significantly elevated [P <0.01]. Raised neopterin is definitely not specific to a given diseases entity, but is an indicator of immunologic stimulation and may serve as prognostic marker in patients with hemotologic malignancies especially in chronic leukemias. Its value for the early detection of accelerated phase in CML and its staging values for CLL remains to be confirmed

Interference of ciprofloxacin-killed cells of salmonella typhimurium with antibiotic susceptibility of the same and some other bacterial pathogens

In vitro addition of ciprofloxacin-killed cells of Salmonella typhimurium to its viable cells and those of Shigella dysenteriae, Legionella sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to induce variable responses to their ciprofloxacin sensitivities. This was studied through finding out the regression between the number of the added killed and the MIC values for ciprofloxacin against the viable cultures of the four bacterial species. Viable cells of the both S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa were found to be antagonistic with their ciprofloxacin activity against them, synergistic with Legionella sp. and with independent effect with Sh. dysenteriae. It is not recommended to use ciprofloxacin for treatment of mixed infections with S. typhimurium together with Sh. dysenteriae; to use it for treatment of mixed infections of S. typhimurium with Legionella sp.; treatment of Sh. dysenteriae in mixed infections may be treated and independent entity

factorial study of the interaction of nitrogen and carbon sources, pH and temperature with time regarding antibiotic production by streptomyces parvulus using three test bacteria

Interaction of nitrogen and carbon sources, pH and temperature [NaNO3, starch, pH and temperature, respectively] with incubation time regarding antibiotic production by Streptomyces parvulus isolated from Burg El-Arab, East Alexandria City, Egypt was performed. Antibiotic production was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina lutea and Escherichia coli strains. Experiments were carried out using a factorial interaction design consisting of sixteen trials at five different incubation times. Responses of the three test bacteria to the antibiotic components produced by Streptomyces parvulus were found to differ with differences in the level of each of the four studied factors [variables] in addition to differences in the incubation period of time. Anti-Staphylococcus aureus of the culture filtrates of the producer was found to be highly sensitive to variations in trials constructions in case of incubation for only 3 days followed by 6 then 9 days less in 12 days period and finally it showed no significant responses after 15 days incubation. Anti-Sarcina lutea responses to differences in different trials were recorded to show two maxima at 9 and 15 days of incubation. Anti-E. coli responses were considerable after 3 days of incubation followed by 15 days. The most effective combination suitable for production of the antibiotic component whatever the incubation period and the test bacteria was the factor of temperature [T] at its raised level which is [30C]. Other combinations exhibited variable effects depending on time and test organism

Bactericidal activity of human serum against strains of Klebsiella from some pathogenic sources

Ten strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated from 225 cases of urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections and diarrhea [4.4 percent]. They were tested for sensitivity to pooled normal human serum and viable counts were done at 0, 60, 120, 180 minutes. Normal human serum was obtained by pooling the sera from twenty healthy adults who were not receiving antibiotics. Five strains [50 percent] were sensitive to human serum, three strains [30 percent] were resistant to human serum and two strains [20 percent] showed intermediate sensitivity to human serum. Thus the presence of bactericidal action of normal serum on klebsiella may explain the low incidence [4.4 percent] of Klebsiella isolates from different clinical samples

Emphysema and emphyema of the guttural pouch in donkeys

Four cases of guttural pouch empyema and three cases of emphysema were diagnosed in donkeys on clinical and radiological bases. To get detailed information about the guttural pouch area, 5 heads were dissected. All the adopted medicinal and surgical treatments yielded unsatisfactory results

Experimental application of a modified jejunocecal valve as a remedy in massive resection of the small intestine

Twelve dogs underwent resection of about 80% of small bowels. In 6 dogs, continuity was restored by end-to-end anastomosis, while in the other 6 dogs a jejunocecal valve was constructed. Mortality rate was 0% in dogs with constructed valve and their emptying time for the small intestine was about two times slower than in control group. Both groups of dogs showed loss of weight, but the weight was stabilized in dogs with constructed valve. The final mechanism of the action of the valve was unclear. The application of such a valve might be of clinical usefulness both in human and animal patients subjected to massive enterectomy

Field trials of Rompun Saffan anaesthesia in donkeys

The present work was performed on two groups, each of 15 donkeys. Both groups received i.v. rompun at a dose rate of 0.2 mg/kg in combination of saffan at doses rates of 2 mg and 4 mg/kg, respectively. This combination, as used in the 2nd group, produced smooth induction and recovery and analgesia for 36 minutes with reasonable muscular relaxation