PSA density in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population: results from the Chinese Prostate Cancer Consortium / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We performed this study to investigate the diagnostic performance of prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) in a multicenter cohort of the Chinese Prostate Cancer Consortium. Outpatients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ≥4.0 ng ml

Advances in understanding the role of sphingosine kinase-2 in tumorigenesis and its inhibitors / 药学学报

In recent years the role of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), a key enzyme in the sphingolipid pathway, in the process of tumorigenesis has gradually been elucidated. Recent research has shown that SphK2 inhibitors can be used as anticancer drugs alone or in combination with existing drugs to increase the therapeutic sensitivity of drug-resistant tumors. Among them, one selective SphK2 inhibitor, ABC294640, shows excellent oral bioavailability and biodistribution in vivo and has now entered Phase II clinical research. Therefore, developing innovative drugs based on SphK2 is of great interest. Herein, we discuss progress in understanding the role of SphK2 in tumorigenesis and review the recent development of inhibitors of SphK2.

Correlation of the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs34349826 and rs6521 of the LHB gene with male infertility in Chinese men / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To study the relationship of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs34349826 (c.104 A>G) and rs6521 (c.114 C>G) of the luteinizing hormone beta-subunit (LHB) gene with male infertility in Chinese men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This case-control study included 405 males with primary infertility (the infertility group) and 424 normal fertile men (the control group), the former again divided into subgroups of oligospermia, severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia according to the sperm concentration. Clinical data were collected from all the subjects and genomic DNA obtained from their peripheral blood for genotyping rs34349826 and rs6521 of the LHB gene by Sequence MassArray. We analyzed the correlation of male infertility with the SNPs of the two loci using the logistic regression model as well as its association with their haplotype combination with the SHEsis online software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were statistically significant differences between the control and infertility groups in the semen volume (［3.51 ± 1.36］ vs ［3.74 ± 1.71］ ml, P <0.05), sperm concentration (［79.21 ± 61.60］ vs ［27.37 ± 30.80］ ×10⁶/ml, P <0.01), percentage of progressively motile sperm (［39.40 ± 9.64］ % vs ［11.90 ± 14.72］ %, P <0.01), and levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) (［3.29 ± 1.39］ vs ［6.25 ± 4.83］ IU/L, P <0.01) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (［4.56 ± 2.31］ vs ［15.64 ± 17.03］ IU/L, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed no correlation between male infertility and the genotypes of the rs34349826 and rs6521 loci of the LHB gene, and similar results were found in the subgroups of the infertile males. SHEsis analysis on the haplotypes of the rs34349826 and rs6521 loci showed the GG genotype combination to be a protective factor against male infertility.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The rs34349826 and rs6521 loci of the LHB gene were not related to male infertility, which can be further confirmed by larger-sample studies. The GG genotype combination is a protective factor against male infertility.</p>

Correlation of the single nucleotide polymorphism rs662 of PON1 with the risk of male infertility / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs662 of the paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) and the risk of male infertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This case-control study included 403 male idiopathic infertility patients aged 29.00 ± 4.48 years in the case group and 329 normal fertile men aged 28.28 ± 4.08 years as healthy controls. We obtained DNA from the peripheral venous blood of the subjects, genotyped the SNP rs662 of PON1 by Sequenom MassArray, and analyzed the association between different genotypes of PON1 rs662 and male infertility using the logistic regression model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal controls, the infertility patients showed a significantly increased level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (［16.30 ± 17.76］ vs ［4.72 ± 2.51］ U/L, P < 0.01) but a decreased percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS) (［7.40 ± 14.17］ % vs ［41.93 ± 9.06］ %, P < 0.01) and sperm concentration (［2.74 ± 3.64］ vs ［75.83 ± 63.66］ ×10⁶/ml, P < 0.01). Statistically significant differences were not found in the other parameters between the two groups of subjects, nor in the correlation of male infertility with the heterozygous genotype GA versus the wild homozygous genotype GG (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.63－1.53, P = 0.923) or the homozygous genotype AA versus the wild homozygous genotype GG (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.56－1.34, P = 0.525).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The SNP rs662 of PON1 was not correlated with male infertility, which, however, needs to be confirmed by further studies with larger samples from a larger area.</p>

Optimization of critical medium components for enhancing antibacterial thiopeptide nocathiacin I production with significantly improved quality / 中国天然药物

Nocathiacin I, a glycosylated thiopeptide antibiotic, displays excellent antibacterial activities against multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens. Previously, a novel nocathiacin I formulation for intravenous administration has been successfully developed and its aqueous solubility is greatly enhanced for clinical application. The purpose of the present study was to increase the fermentation titer of nocathiacin I and reduce or eliminate analogous impurities by screening the medium ingredients using response surface methodology. After a sysmatic optimization, a water-soluble medium containing quality-controllable components was developed and validated, resulting in an increase in the production of nocathiacin I from 150 to 405.8 mg·L at 150-L scale. Meanwhile, the analogous impurities existed in reported processes were greatly reduced or eliminated. Using optimized medium for fermentation, nocathiacin I with pharmaceutically acceptable quality was easily obtained with a recovery of 67%. In conclusion, the results from the present study offer a practical and efficient fermentation process for the production of nocathiacin I as a therapeutic agent.

Single nucleotide polymorphism of the TP53 gene is not correlated with male infertility / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1042522 of the tumor protein p53 (TP53) gene with the risk of male infertility.@*METHODS@#This casecontrol study included 380 male patients with idiopathic infertility and 398 normal fertile men as controls from the Nanjing area. We genotyped the SNP rs1042522 of the TP53 gene by Sequence Mass Array and analyzed the correlation of the SNP with male infertility using the logistic regression model.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal controls, the patients with idiopathic infertility showed significantly decreased sperm concentration (［77.34±49.24］ vs ［13.13±24.96］ ×106/ml), percentage of progressively motile sperm (［42.55±9.57］ vs ［10.38±5.57］%), serum testosterone level (［14.07±5.36］ vs ［11.89±4.50］ nmol/L), and folliclestimulating hormone level (［16.80±18.20］ vs ［4.55±7.17］ U/L) (P < 0.05) but no statistically significant differences in other parameters. No correlation was observed between the SNP frequencies and male infertility and similar results were found in the subgroups of the cases.@*CONCLUSIONS@#SNP rs1042522 of the TP53 gene is not significantly correlated with the risk of male infertility.

Nucleotide polymorphism rs4880 of the SOD2 gene and the risk of male infertility / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4880 of the superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) gene with the risk of male infertility.@*METHODS@#This casecontrol study included 519 male patients with idiopathic infertility (aged 19－40 ［28.93±4.93］ years) in the case group and 338 fertile men (aged 19－40 ［28.40±4.25］ years) in the control group. We collected the clinical data, genotyped the SNP rs4880 of the SOD2 gene by Sequenom Mass Array, and analyzed the association of different genotypes with male infertility using the logistic regression model.@*RESULTS@#Statically significant differences were observed between the case and control groups in the level of folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) (［4.72±2.51］ vs ［15.65±17.24］ U/L, P< 0.01), the percentage of progressively mobile sperm (［9.12±13.5］ vs ［41.95±9.03］%, P< 0.01), and sperm concentration (［12.95±24.38］ vs ［72.88±45.60］ ×106/ml, P< 0.01), but not in other parameters. No correlation was found between male infertility and the heterozygous genotype TC (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.65－1.25, P = 0.516) or the homozygous genotype CC (OR=1.49, 95% CI: 0.38－5.81, P = 0.566) as compared with the wild genotype TT, and similar results were obtained in the analysis of the subgroups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The SNP rs4880 of the SOD2 gene was not correlated with male infertility, which, however, is to be supported by further studies with larger samples from more areas.

Kallmann syndrome with deafness caused by SOX10 mutation: Advances in research / 中华男科学杂志

The transcription factor SOX10, as a major actor in the development of the neural crest, plays a key role in the maintenance of progenitor cell multipotency, lineage specification, and cell differentiation. Abnormalities of neural crest development in humans lead to a number of genetic diseases known as neurocristopathies or neural crest disorders. The mutation of SOX10 can cause Kallmann syndrome (KS), which is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition and defined by the association between anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to incomplete migration of neuroendocrine gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) cells along the olfactory, vomeronasal, and terminal nerves. Since then, there have been a number of related reports that mutation of SOX10 will lead to KS with deafness. This review focuses on the SOX10 gene and the advances in the diagnosis and genetic studies of KS with deafness caused by the mutatuin of SOX10.

Predictive factors of skip metastasis to lateral with leaping central lymph node in papil-lary thyroid carcinoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the regularity and risk factors of skip metastasis (central lymph node negative and lat-eral lymph node positive) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods:A total of 521 PTC patients underwent total thyroidectomy and central plus lateral lymph node dissection at The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2013 to De-cember 2016. Clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were collected and analyzed. Results:Skip metastasis rate of PTC was 8.3％(43/521). Tumors in the upper lobe (OR=3.401, 95％CI:1.770-6.536;P=0.001) and in the lateral part (OR=3.424, 95％CI:1.182-9.920;P=0.023) of the thyroid, as well as age above 45 (OR=2.856, 95％CI:1.488-5.482;P=0.002), were independent risk factors for skip metastases for this disease. Clinically node-negative (cN0) PTC patients with tumors in the upper lobe had higher possibility of skip metastases than those with clinically involved lateral neck nodes(cN1b) (P=0.022). Conclusion:Skip metastasis of PTC is not un-common. Thus, preoperative clinical assessment and imaging examination for lateral lymph node is necessary, especially for PTC pa-tients who are above 45 years old and with tumors in the upper lobe and/or unilateral area of thyroid. The lateral lymph node dissec-tion should be performed when necessary.

Reappraisals of mental disabilities due to traffic accidents: a retrospective analysis of 51 cases / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the causes for changes of opinions in reappraisals of mental disabilities due to traffic accidents.@*METHODS@#Fifty-one reappraisals of mental disorders due to traffic accidents from October 2009 to October 2011 in the Institute of Forensic Science, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#In the reappraisals, the opinions about disability grade changed in 30 cases (58.82%), including 8 cases increased and 22 cases decreased. According to the causes of changing the opinions, there were 8, 10 and 2 cases related to different understandings of appraisers in the severities of mental disorders, subjective judgements and certain psychiatric symptoms, respectively. Also, there were 10 cases related to different appraisal time.@*CONCLUSION@#Appraisals of mental disabilities should grasp the appraisal time, decrease the changes of opinions due to the differences of appraisers and correctly understand the orders of rules and clauses.

Effects of primary tumor excision on angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma-bearing nude mice / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of primary tumor excision on osteosarcoma angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis, and explore its possible mechanism and clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The tumor-bearing nude mice were constructed by injection of human osteosarcoma cell suspension, and divided into primary tumor resection, amputation and normal groups. The level of VEGF and endostatin was examined by ELISA assay. The hemoglobin content in Matrigel pellets was measured with HiCN method. Pulmonary metastasis was detected with dilated-squash technique and immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum VEGF and endostatin level was significantly decreased in the primary tumor excision group compared with that in the normal and control groups after operation, but endostatin decreased more prominently [VEGF: (71.43 +/- 9.15) pg/ml vs. (115.81 +/- 4.38) pg/ml, (111.68 +/- 12.26) pg/ml, P < 0.01; ES: (40.77 +/- 5.41) ng/ml vs. (123.18 +/- 5.94) ng/ml, (128.06 +/- 4.52) ng/ml, P < 0.01]. The HB contents in Matrigel pellets increased in the primary tumor excision group compared with that in normal and control groups [(36.55 +/- 2.35) g/L vs. (16.84 +/- 1.15) g/L, (16.29 +/- 1.10) g/L, P < 0.01]. The rate of pulmonary metastasis in tumor excision group was much higher than that in the un-excised groups (80.0% vs. 40.0% and 35.0%, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The excision of primary tumor can promote osteosarcoma angiogenesis and pulmonary metastasis, so anti-angiogenic treatment after operation has instructive clinical significance in preventing tumor metastasis.</p>

Screening for differentially expressed proteins in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by laser capture microdissection and proteomic analysis / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To search for the differentially expressed proteins of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),and provide scientific evidence for identifying molecular biomarkers for NPC.@*METHODS@#Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to purify the target cells from NPC and normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissues (NNET). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to separate the total proteins of microdissected NPC and NNET, PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2-DE images,and the differential proteins between the 2 types of tissues were identified by both MALDI-TOF-MS and ESI-Q-TOF-MS. Western blot and immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray were used to detect the expression of the differential protein SCCA1 in NPC and NNET.@*RESULTS@#2-DE patterns of microdissected NPC and NNEC were established,and 36 differential proteins in the NPC and NNEC were identified,20 of which only expressed or up-regulated in NPC and 16 only expressed or up-regulated in NNET. The differentially expressed level of SCCA1 in the NPC and NNET was confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray.@*CONCLUSION@#Thirty-six differentially expressed proteins identified in this study may be associated with the carcinogenesis of NPC,and may be candidate molecular biomarkers for NPC.

Differential proteomic analysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines 5-8F and 6-10B / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the proteome difference of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines 5-8F and 6-10B, and to screen these proteins associated with NPC metastasis.@*METHODS@#Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to separate the total proteins from NPC cell lines 5-8F and 6-10B with different metastatic potentials and same genetic background, respectively. PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2-DE images, and the differentially expressed protein spots between 5-8F and 6-10B were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The expression levels of partial identified proteins in the 2 cell lines were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#2-DE maps of total proteins from 5-8F and 6-10B were established. A total of 65 differential protein spots in the 2 cell lines were found, and 15 non-redundant differential expression proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Western blot showed that Annexin A1 and 14-3-3 protein sigma were differential expression proteins in 5-8F and 6-10B, which was consistent with the Results from the comparative proteomic analysis.@*CONCLUSION@#Fifteen non-redundant differential expression proteins are useful for studying the metastatic mechanism of NPC.

Establishment of protein expression profile of human normal colonic epithelia / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a protein expression profile of human normal colonic epithelia.@*METHODS@#Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was applied to separate the total proteins of 20 human normal colonic epithelial tissues. The expression proteins in the human normal colonic epithelia were identified by both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF), and the biological function and subcellular locations of the identified proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics.@*RESULTS@#A 2-DE reference map of human normal colonic epithelium was established. On the 2-DE map, 1020+/-50 protein spots were detected, 204 protein spots representing 162 non-redundant proteins were identified, and 37 proteins had posttranslational modification. The identified proteins were categorized into several protein groups according to their functions or subcellular locations, whose data were available at our website (http://www.xyproteomics.org).@*CONCLUSION@#A protein expression profile of human normal colonic epithelia is established for the first time, which provides useful information for investigating the physiological functions and pathologic process of colonic epithelia.

Assignment of human sprouty 4 gene to chromosome segment 5q32 approximately 33 and analysis of its pattern of expression.

The human sprouty 4 (SPRY4) gene was localized to chromosome band 5q32 approximately 33 by screening the Stanford radiation hybrid G3 panel using a SPRY4-specific primer pair for PCR. Northern blot analysis revealed two different mRNAs (5 kb and 2 kb) in liver, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, kidney, spleen, placenta and small intestine. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis showed that SPRY4 was expressed in all tested tissues to different levels.

Treatment of loosened teeth with severe periodontitis by periodontal splint / 实用口腔医学杂志

0.05),PD and AL were decreased in 1 year(P