Sperm banking before gonadotoxic treatment: is it worth the effort? / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We aimed to compare the sperm quality in different cancer types and benign diseases before gonadotoxic treatment, and assess the usage rate of cryopreserved sperm for assisted reproductive treatment (ART). This retrospective study was conducted at two university clinics between January 2008 and July 2018. A total of 545 patients suffering from cancer or benign diseases were included in the study. The pretreatment sperm analyses were based on the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Patients with testicular malignancy (TM) showed a significantly lower sperm count (median [interquartile range]: 18.7 × 10

Histopathological Degeneration of Spermatogenesis and Histomorphometric Alterations of the Testicular Microanatomy of Male Wistar Rats after Oral Lead Intoxication

Background: Lead is a heavy metal known to exertpathological effects on the male reproductive organs.Aim and Objectives: To study the degeneration ofspermatogenesis and histomorphometric alterations ofthe testicular microanatomy of male Wistar rats afteroral lead intoxication. Material and Methods: Eightymale Wistar rats were divided into four groups (1- 4)and further subdivided into 4 subgroups (A, B, C, andD) each containing five (n=5) rats depending on dosageand duration (3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks) of treatment. Group1 received 1 ml of distilled water daily. Group 2received 0.5% lead daily, Group 3 received 1.0% oflead daily and Group 4 received 1.5% of lead dailyrespectively. Testicular weights, histomorphometryand histological analysis using Toluidine Blue wereobserved. Results: It showed that significant reductions(P<0.05) in testicular weights in the treatment groupsadministered with lead for periods of 3-9 weeks ascompared to the control while a significant increase(P<0.05) was observed in the group administered for12 weeks. Histomorphometric analysis showedsignificant reductions (P<0.05) in Seminiferous tubulediameter, length of germinal epithelium and crosssectional in the treatment groups administered forperiods of 3-12 weeks while significant increase(P<0.05) in lumen diameter was observed in thetreatment groups compared to the control.Histopathological analysis revealed that Leadinfluenced the testicular cytoarchitecture by disruptingthe processes of spermatogenesis in the treatmentgroups as compared to control. Conclusion: The studyshowed that different dosages of lead over a period oftime had gonadotoxic effects and tendencies to altertesticular profiles by disrupting spermatogenesis.

Conceptos generales sobre técnicas de preservación de la fertilidad en la paciente oncológica / General Concepts about Techniques for Fertility Preservation in Cancer Patients

Actualmente, la necesidad de iniciar terapias antineoplásicas, no debe suponer la renuncia a la maternidad por parte de una paciente, que aún no haya completado sus deseos genésicos. Durante los últimos años, los avances socioeconómicos en los países desarrollados, han producido un retraso en la edad en las que las mujeres inician la búsqueda de su primera gestación. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar una revisión pormenorizada de la literatura científica referente a la quimioprofilaxis con análogos de la GnRH, criopreservación de tejido ovárico y técnicas de estimulación ovárica para criopreservación de ovocitos y/o embriones, en pacientes con patología oncológica, sin deseos genésicos cumplidos. Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura publicada en las bases de datos de PubMed, MedLine, Embase, BioMed Central y SciELO. Gracias a la mejoría de los tratamientos oncológicos, a los programas de detección precoz y a la aparición de nuevos fármacos y pautas terapéuticas, se ha incrementado la supervivencia de las pacientes con patologías oncológicas. Todo ello ha permitido el desarrollo de terapias genésicas óptimas, para este grupo de mujeres. La valoración inicial de estas pacientes debe incluir el grado de afectación de la función ovárica que les ocasionará el tratamiento y su repercusión en la reserva ovárica. La reserva ovárica es la cantidad de ovocitos que tiene la mujer en el momento del diagnóstico, ésta disminuye exponencialmente con la edad, por lo que es un factor muy importante a tener en cuenta.

Currently, the need to initiate antineoplastic therapies should not mean giving up on motherhood by a patient who has not yet fulfilled her desire to become a mother. In recent years, socioeconomic advances in developed countries have led to a delay in the age at which women begin their search for their first pregnancy. The objective of this paper is to show a detailed review of the scientific literature regarding chemoprophylaxis with GnRH analogues, cryopreservation of ovarian tissue and ovarian stimulation techniques for cryopreservation of oocytes and / or embryos, in patients with oncological pathology, who has not fulfilled their reproductive desires. A literature review was carried out in PubMed, MedLine, Embase, BioMed Central and SciELO databases. Thanks to the improvement of oncological treatments, early detection programs and the appearance of new drugs and therapeutic guidelines, the survival of patients with oncological pathologies has increased. All this has allowed the development of optimal gene therapy for this group of women. The initial assessment of these patients should include the degree of ovarian function impairment that will cause the treatment and its impact on the ovarian reserve. The ovarian reserve is the number of oocytes that the woman has at the time of diagnosis, this decreases exponentially with age, which is a very important factor to take into account.

Impacto dos agentes antineoplásicos sobre os folículos ovarianos e importância das biotécnicas reprodutivas na preservação da fertilidade humana / Impact of antineoplastic agents on the ovarian follicles and importance of reproductive biotechnologies in the preservation of human fertility

A preservação da fertilidade de jovens mulheres em idade reprodutiva tem se tornado um dos grandes desafios da medicina, já que a maioria dos tratamentos contra o câncer pode causar insuficiência ovariana prematura, devido à toxicidade ovariana dos agentes quimioterápicos.Com base nessa sensibilidade e com vistas a reverter ou minimizar os danos às células reprodutivas decorrentes da quimioterapia, cada vez se tornam mais frequentes os estudos e a busca tanto por opções para preservar a fertilidade feminina quanto por tratamentos para células cancerosas que sejam mais seletivos. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma visão geral sobre os danos causados pelos quimioterápicos à função ovariana e as possíveis opções para a preservação da fertilidade feminina em pacientes com câncer e as perspectivas em oncofertilidade. Foi feita uma pesquisa no banco de dados National Library of Medicine (PubMed), em que foram recuperados artigos publicados entre 1967 e 2015 sobre agentes quimioterápicos e seus danos à fertilidade feminina.

The preservation of fertility in young women of reproductive age has become a major challenge in medicine, since most cancer treatments can cause premature ovarian failure due to ovarian toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. Based on this sensitivity it is necessary to revert or minimize damage to reproductive cells resulting from chemotherapy. It have become more frequent studies and researches for alternatives to preserve female fertility and treatments that are more selective for cancer cells. Currently there are several options for preservation of fertility in women undergoing chemotherapy treatments.This article aims to present an overview of the damage caused by chemotherapy ovarian function and possible options for preserving fertility in female cancer patients and prospects in oncofertilidade. A search on databases were searched for relevant articles: the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and the Virtual Health Library. Articles published between 1967 and 2015 on chemotherapeutic agents and their damage on female fertility was held.

Nonobstructive Secondary Male Infertility: 5 cases / 대한남성과학회지

During the past three decades, several reports have suggested that the quality of semen in men is declining. The chance of exposure to environmental toxin tends to increase but most of gonadotoxic agents are not clearly known. We report five patients with secondary transient or permanent reduction of sperm numbers. The possible causes are discussed.