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Objective:To produce 161Tb from enriched 160Gd 2O 3 isotope-enriched target material and realize domestic production of the novel medical isotope 161Tb. Methods:The 160Gd 2O 3 isotope-enriched target material was irradiated with neutrons by the China Mianyang Research Reactor (CMRR). The no-carrier-added 161Tb product was obtained after the processes of target broken, sample dissolution, separation and purification with lanthanide (LN) resin and solution replacement with diglycolamide (DGA) column. Various key indicators such as γ spectral purity, metal impurity content, specific activity, radiochemical purity, and radioactive concentration were used to conduct the quality inspection and the control of 161Tb products. Results:161TbCl 3 of 33.4 GBq was obtained in a single time with the radioactive concentration of 16.8 GBq/ml, nuclear purity more than 99.9%, and radiochemical purity of 99.2%. Metal impurity content was met the established standards, with the specific activity of 6.02×10 17 Bq/mol. The radiochemical purities of 161Tb labeling with 1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid- D-Phe1-Tyr3-Thr8-octreotide (DOTATATE) after 0 and 72 h were 100% and 95.8% respectively. Conclusion:The preparation of no-carrier-added 161Tb by using LN resin has the advantages of high separation performance and high sample loading, which has great significance in the field of medical isotope preparation and lays a good nuclide guarantee for the research and development of domestic 161Tb-labeled drugs.
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Upconversion luminescence (UCL) is a process during which low-energy light was converted (excitation) to high-energy light.Due to the characteristics of low excitation power density,negligible autofluorescence,lack of photobleaching and high stability,UCL has been increasingly applied for bioimaging.Using the upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as agents in multimodality molecular imaging (UCL imaging,CT,MR,PET,etc),we could obtain clearimages with high signal to noise ratio.This review summarizes the applications of UCNP in the field of bioimaging.
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Objective Using Cerenkov radiation energy transfer (CRET) effect of rare earth nanoparticles (RENPs) to enhance and convert Cerenkov luminescence into Cerenkov luminescence excited fluorescence,and to compare the accuracy of Cerenkov luminescence tomography (CLT) and Cerenkov luminescence excited fluorescence tomography (CLFT).Methods 68Ga (0.74 MBq) was used to respectively excite Y2O3 ∶Eu3+,Er2O3 and Eu2O3(10 mg/ml).Various radioactivities of 68Ga (3.70,1.85,0.92,0.46,0.23 MBq) were used to respectively excite Y2O3 ∶Eu3+ with a fixed concentration (10 mg/ml).A fixed radioactivity of 68Ga (3.70 MBq) was used to excite Y2O3 ∶Eu3+ with different concentrations (10.0,5.0,2.5,1.2,0.6 mg/ml) in order to find the relationships between the optical intensity and the radioactivity of 68Ga or the concentration of Y2O3 ∶Eu3+.Polyethylene tubes containing 68Ga (0.74 MBq) and 68Ga (0.74 MBq) +Y2O3 ∶Eu3+(1 mg) were respectively implanted into two nude mice,then PET/CT and optical imaging were acquired.Three-dimensional reconstruction was proceeded.One-way analysis of variance,two-sample t test,linear correlation analysis were used for data analysis.Results Y2O3 ∶Eu3+ could significantly and stably enhance the Cerenkov optical signal (F=53.35,q =17.03,P＜0.001).The enhanced optical signal intensity had linear relationships with the radioactivity of 68Ga or the concentration of Y2O3 ∶Eu3+(r values:0.99and 0.93).Three-dimensional reconstruction result showed that CLFT had significantly higher similarity than CLT (0.43±0.14 vs 0.16±0.06,t =5.090,P＜0.05).Conclusion CLFT could reflect the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals more precisely than CLT,and therefore might have potential in biologic optical imaging.
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BACKGROUND:Compared with organic fluorescent dyes and fluorescent proteins, rare earth nanomaterials have higher sensitivity, better optical stability, and lower cytotoxicity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate thein vitro cytocompatibility of (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 METHODS:(Y rare earth nanomaterial and the effect of amine functionalization on the material cytocompatibility. 0.95Eu0.05)2O3 nanomaterials were synthesized using sol-gel method, and underwent amine functionalization. Amine-functionalized samples (10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L) and non-amine-functionalized (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 rare earth nanomaterial suspensions were co-cultured with vascular smooth muscle cels of Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 days. Cel proliferation was detected using Cel Counting Kit-8 assay. 100 mg/L amine-functionalized samples and non-amine-functionalized (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 rare earth nanomaterial suspensions were co-cultured with L929 cels for 48 hours. Cel apoptosis was observed using fluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With increased mass concentration of material suspension, survival rate of vascular smooth muscle cels was gradualy reduced. At the mass concentration of 10, 25, 50 mg/L, cel survival rate was significantly higher in the amine-functionalized group than in the non-amine-functionalized group (P < 0.05). When the mass concentration of materials reached 200 mg/L, the cel survival rate decreased to 76% in the non-amine-functionalized group, but it was stil above 80% in the amine-functionalized group, showing significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The growth of L929 cels was good and the number of apoptotic cels was less in the amine-functionalized group. Cels were sparse and the number of cel apoptosis was more in the non-amine-functionalized group, showing slight cytotoxicity. These data verified that amine-functionalization can improve cytocompatibility of (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 rare earth nanomaterial.
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Objective To study the effects of LaCl3 on P16 and P21 expressions of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods The experiment was divided into 4 groups.In experiment groups,CBRH-7919 cells were cultivated with 0.01,0.10 and 1.00 mmol?L-1 LaCl3 in DMEM containing 10% calf serum.In control group,CBRH-7919 was cultivated in DMEM containing 10% calf serum without LaCl3.The growth of CBRH-7919 cells was observed following treated with 0.01,0.10,1.00 mmol?L-1 LaCl3 for 1,3,5 d in vitro, respectively,the changes of cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry.At the same time,P16 and P21 were detected by immunocytochemical analysis.Results Compared with control group,the inhibitory rate of growth of CBRH-7919 cells was increased evidently when treated with 0.1 and 1.00 mmol?L-1 LaCl3 for 3 and 5 d(P
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Objective: To study La accumulation and microstructure change of leg bones of rats fed with La(NO 3) 3 in low dosage for a long term. Methods: After the rats were fed by La(NO 3) 3 in dosage of 2 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 for 6 months, the contents of La and Ca,P in the leg bones were determined by ICP MS and spectrophotometry; the microstructure changes of the leg bones were investigated by electron microscopy and X ray powder diffraction. Results: In the leg bones of tested rats, the contents of La and P increased greatly, and those of Ca did not change obviously, so that Ca/P ratio values decreased in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: La was accumulatied in the rat leg bones and the change of bone microstructure induced after the rats were fed with La(NO 3) 3 in low dosage for a long term.
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Objective To study the effects of environmental exposure to rare earth elements REEs on intelligence of children. Methods Intelligence quotient IQ were examined with Drawing a Man Test in 464 children aged 7-10 years living in RE ore containing area and the control area in Xunwu country Jiangxi province China. Fifteen kinds of REEs in 112 blood samples 69 samples from RE ore area and 43 samples from the control area were detected by inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry ICP-MS. Results All 15 kinds of REEs were detected in each sample the content of blood REEs of the children in the rare earth area 2.18?1.08 ng/g was 1.73 times of that of the children in the control area 1.26?0.35 ng/g the difference was significant P