Ten significantly differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer: Screening and verification / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen and verify differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using DNA microarray, we screened differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer tissue and its adjacent tissue followed by verification by PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1 444 genes were found to be differentially expressed (differentiation ≥ 1.5-fold; P≤ 0.05) in the prostate cancer tissue, of which 769 (53%) were up-regulated and 675 (47%) down-regulated. Fifty percent of the differentially expressed genes showed a 1.5- to 2-fold differentiation, including 396 up-regulated and 182 down-regulated ones. Additionally, 308 up-regulated and 334 down-regulated genes exhibited a >2- to 5-fold, 46 up-regulated and 78 down-regulated genes a > 5- to 10-fold, and 19 up-regulated and 81 down-regulated genes a > 10-fold differentiation. Verification by subjecting 15 most significantly up-regulated and another 15 most markedly down-regulated genes to quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that most of the genes had a transcriptional profile similar to that in the microarray data, with a Pearson correction coefficient of 0.83 between the microarray data and qRT-PCR results. Totally, 10 significantly differentially expressed genes were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNA microarray analysis provides reliable information on differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer and benign tissues. The 10 significantly differentially expressed genes verified by qRT-PCR could possibly become new bio-markers and specific molecules for tumor identification.</p>

Effects of PPAR-gamma on the proliferation and glycolysis metabolism of prostate cancer cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the expression of the PPAR-gamma gene on the proliferation and glycolysis metabolism of prostate cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using RNAi, we constructed lowly--expressed shRNA-PPARgamma adenoviruses and transfected them to PC3 prostate cancer cells, with blank vectors as controls. Then we detected the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells, glycolysis metabolism related genes and lactate accumulation by CCK-8 kit, and compared the results between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the PPAR-gamma gene expression was obviously inhibited by RNAi in the PC3 cells, and its protein expression was reduced to (26.00 +/- 4.06)%. The proliferation inhibition rate was (39.5 +/- 4.92)% on the 2nd day, and the apoptosis rate was as high as (21.03 +/- 3.08)%. The glycolysis metabolism related gene products (Myc and Glut-1) were significantly decreased, and the lactate concentration was reduced to 69.71% of that of the controls on the 4th day. There were statistically significant differences in the above findings as compared with the control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PPAR-gamma gene knockdown is expected to be a new way to treat prostate cancer.</p>

Relationship between vitamin D receptor gene Fok I polymorphisms and benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated by histological prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Fok I polymorphisms and BPH complicated by histological prostatitis (BPH + HP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We detected Fok I polymorphisms in the peripheral blood of 79 patients with BPH + HP and 81 controls with BPH only using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and analyzed the frequency distribution of the genotypes and alleles of the two groups of patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Obvious differences were found in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between the BPH + HP patients (FF: 27% [21/79], Ff: 30% [24/79], ff: 43% [34/79]) and the controls (FF: 33% [27/81], Ff: 36% [29/81], ff: 31% [25/81]), with statistical significance in the distribution of the genotype ff (P < 0.05). The histological prostatitis group showed a significant difference from the controls in the frequency of the f allele (58% [196/338] vs 49% [153/312], P < 0.05), but not in that of the F allele (42% [142/338] vs 51% [159/312] , P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>VDR Fok I polymorphisms may be correlated with BPH complicated by histological prostatitis.</p>

Clinical efficacy of Shengjing capsule on patients with oligoasthenospermia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effect of the Chinese medicinal preparation Shengling Capsule on patients with oligoasthenospermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 270 male patients with infertility induced by oligoasthenospermia were equally divided into a treatment and a control group, the former medicated with Shengling Capsule at the dose of 1.6 g tid, and the latter given Vit E at 50 mg tid, both for a course of 12 weeks. Then we analyzed the changes in the patients'seminal parameters and the pregnancy of their wives.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 weeks of medication, both the seminal parameters of the patients and pregnancy of their wives were remarkably improved, with extremely significant differences from pre-treatment and the control (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shengjing Capsule can improve sperm motility and vitality as well as sperm count. With few adverse effects, it can be used as a safe and effective therapeutic for male infertility induced by oligoasthenospermia.</p>

Detection of pim-1 mRNA in prostate cancer diagnosis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pim-1 plays an important role in the apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation of cancer cells and progression of cancer. In this study we detected the expression of pim-1 mRNA in normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer (PCa) and explored its diagnostic value for PCa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The prostate tissues were collected from 23 patients with PCa, 37 patients with BPH, and 3 healthy volunteers. Pim-1 mRNA expression levels in these samples were determined by the quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR). The differences of expression were calculated based on a standard curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ratio of pim-1 mRNA to beta-actin in the normal prostate, BPH, and PCa were 1.05 +/- 0.04, 2.57 +/- 0.74 and 4.45 +/-0.63, respectively. The differences among PCa, BPH and NT were significant (P < 0.05, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Detecting pim-1 mRNA expression by QRT-PCR provides a reliable metric for the diagnosis of PCa.</p>

cDNA macroarray for analysis of gene expression profiles in prostate cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Early diagnosis and timely treatment are important for improving therapeutic efficiency of prostate cancer. DNA array is a new bio-technology for disease diagnosis. This study was conducted to diagnose prostate cancer with cDNA macroarray and analysis gene expression profiles of some selective genes in prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total RNA was isolated from patients with prostate cancer and from normal people, and poly (A) RNA was further purified. Then it was analyzed for differentially expressed genes in prostate cancer and normal prostate by cDNA macroarray system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were different expressions in the nine prostate-associated specific genes in prostate cancer as compared with normal prostate, in which, 7 were significantly upregulated and 2 were down-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a diagnostic approach at molecular level, the cDNA macroarray is an effectively diagnostic method for prostate cancer.</p>

Extracorporeal shock-wave versus pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of lower ureteral calculi / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To compare the efficacy and complications of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL) and pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URS) in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From August 1997 to June 1999, 210 patients with calculi in the distal third of the ureter were treated with SWL and the other 180 with URS. The stones were fragmented with either HB-ESWL-V lithotripter or JML-93 pneumatic lithotripter through Wolf 7.5 approximately 9.0 Fr ureteroscope. The outcome was assessed in terms of stone clearance rate, re-treatment rate and complication incidence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The stone clearance rate was 78.1 % with SWL and 93.3 % with URS (P<0.05). SWL had a re-treatment rate of 11.9 %, vs 2.2 % in the URS group (P<0.05). URS caused ureteral perforation in 3.3% of patients, while it was 0 with SWL (P<0.05). The differences in the incidence of other complications such as infection and stricture between the two groups were insignificant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Though the selection of these two options depends on equipments available and the expertise of the operator, we recommend URS as the optimal treatment for distal ureteral calculi.</p>