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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(5)oct. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530076

RESUMO

Introducción: Los carcinomas neuroendocrinos (NEC) de canal anal son neoplasias extremadamente raras, representando del 1 a 1,6% de la totalidad de los tumores neuroendocrinos (NET). Suelen ser poco diferenciados, muy agresivos y con alta tendencia a metastatizar. Caso clínico: Mujer de 52 años diagnosticada de fisura anal. Durante la esfinterotomía lateral interna (ELI) se evidencia un pólipo milimétrico aparentemente hiperplásico. Biopsia: NEC de alto grado. En el estudio de extensión se observa engrosamiento de la mucosa del canal anal que invade el esfínter interno, sin enfermedad a distancia. Se realiza amputación abdominoperineal laparoscópica donde se objetiva infiltración del tabique rectovaginal, por lo que se realiza resección y vaginoplastia. AP: NEC con estadio PT4B N2A, por lo que se indica quimioterapia adyuvante. Discusión: La presentación clínica de los NEC de canal anal es inespecífica, diferenciándose de otros tumores colorrectales en que hasta el 67% de los pacientes presentan metástasis al diagnóstico, siendo la supervivencia media de 11 meses. Si diagnosticamos un NEC localizado de forma incidental, es fundamental la celeridad en su tratamiento, dada su agresividad.


Introduction: Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) of the anal canal are extremely rare neoplasms, representing 1 to 1.6% of all neuroendocrine tumors (NET). They are usually poorly differentiated, very aggressive and with a high tendency to metastasize. Clinical case: A 52-year-old woman diagnosed with anal fissure. During the LIS, an apparently hyperplastic millimetric polyp is evidenced. Biopsy: high-grade NEC. The imaging study shows thickening of the mucosa of the anal canal that invades the internal sphincter, without metastases. We performed a laparoscopic abdominoperineal amputation, and noticed an infiltration of the rectovaginal septum, so resection and vaginoplasty was performed. Pathology: NEC with stage PT4B N2A, for which adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated. Discussion: The clinical presentation of NEC of the anal canal is nonspecific, differing from other colorectal tumors in that up to 67% of patients have metastases at diagnosis, with a median survival of 11 months. When an incidentally localized NEC is diagnosed, prompt treatment is essential, given its aggressiveness.

2.
Rev. argent. cir ; 114(4): 359-363, oct. 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1422949

RESUMO

RESUMEN El pseudotumor inflamatorio hepático es una lesión muy infrecuente, sin una etiología ni patogenia claras. Su diagnóstico preoperatorio no es habitual pero, en caso de realizarse, puede evitar la cirugía. Presentamos el caso de un paciente joven, con antecedente de lupus cutáneo que, tras debutar con una pancreatitis aguda, presenta episodios de colangitis y cuyos hallazgos radiológicos no permiten descartar la presencia de un colangiocarcinoma, por lo que se realiza hepatectomía izquierda, siendo el diagnóstico histológico final de pseudotumor inflamatorio hepático.


ABSTRACT Inflammatory pseudotumors of the liver are rare and lack clear etiology and pathogenesis. The preoperative diagnosis is seldom made but it avoids unnecessary surgery. We report the case of a young male patient with a history of cutaneous lupus and episodes cholangitis after an acute pancreatitis. As the imaging tests could not rule out cholangiocarcinoma, a left liver resection was performed, and the final histologic diagnosis was inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/cirurgia , Hepatopatias , Colangite/complicações , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/patologia , Granuloma de Células Plasmáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Hepatectomia
3.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 74(3): 283-289, jun. 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407923

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo: La lesión del nervio laríngeo recurrente es una grave complicación en cirugía tiroidea. El propósito del presente estudio es analizar la utilidad de la neuromonitorización vagal continua intraoperatoria en un hospital terciario. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional, analítico y retrospectivo que recoge pacientes intervenidos de cirugía tiroidea con neuromonitorización en un período de 14 meses. La pérdida de señal se define como amplitud final nerviosa < 100 ^V, realizándose laringoscopia postquirúrgica ante la sospecha de lesión nerviosa. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS® V25,0, con p < 0,05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 120 pacientes intervenidos, registrándose en el 24,2% pérdida de señal. Factores de riesgo para lesión fueron bocio intratorácico (OR 5,31; IC 95% 1,56-17,99; p = 0,007), cirugía cervical previa (OR 5,76; IC 95% 0,64-51,97; p = 0,119) y patología maligna (OR 1,44; IC 95% 0,16-12,79; p = 0,743). Fue posible el cambio de estrategia quirúrgica en 7 casos. En el seguimiento posterior se cuantificó parálisis recurrencial transitoria en 27 pacientes y permanente en 4. Discusión: La neuromonitorización parece reducir la incidencia de parálisis laríngea porque aumenta la seguridad en la identificación del nervio recurrente y reduce su manipulación durante la cirugía. Conclusiones: La neuromonitorización intraoperatoria es útil para identificar el nervio laríngeo recurrente y advierte del riesgo potencial de lesión, permitiendo cambiar la estrategia quirúrgica para evitar la parálisis bilateral de cuerdas vocales.


Aim: Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is a serious complication in thyroid surgery. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the use of intraoperative continuous vagal neuromonitoring in a tertiary hospital. Materials and Method: Observational, analytical and retrospective study that includes patients who underwent thyroid surgery with neuromonitoring in a period of 14 months. Loss of signal is defined as final nerve amplitude < 100 ^V, and postsurgical laryngoscopy is performed due to suspicion of nerve injury. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS® V25.0 program, with p < 0.05. Results: 120 operated patients were included, registering loss of signal in 24.2%. Risk factors for injury were intrathoracic goiter (OR 5.31; 95% CI 1.56-17.99; p = 0.007), previous cervical surgery (OR 5.76; 95% CI 0.64-51.97; p = 0.119) and malignant pathology (OR 1.44; 95% CI 0.16-12.79; p = 0.743). A change in surgical strategy was possible in 7 cases. In the subsequent follow-up, transient recurrent paralysis was quantified in 27 patients and permanent in 4. Discussion: Neuromonitoring seems to reduce the incidence of laryngeal paralysis because it increases the security in the identification of the recurrent nerve and reduces its manipulation during surgery. Conclusions: Intraoperative neuromonitoring is useful to identify the recurrent laryngeal nerve and warns of the potential risk of injury, allowing to change the surgical strategy to avoid bilateral vocal cord paralysis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nervo Laríngeo Recorrente/patologia , Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Nervo Vago , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Retrospectivos , Monitorização Intraoperatória
4.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 58(4): 468-475, Oct.-Dec. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350121

RESUMO

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori colonizes approximately half of the world's human population. Its presence in the gastric mucosa is associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma, gastric lymphoma, and peptic ulcer disease. In Brazil, the high prevalence of H. pylori infection is a serious health problem. H. pylori virulence factors are associated with an increased risk of serious gastrointestinal disorders. The cagA gene encodes a cytotoxin-A-associated antigen (CagA) that is involved in bacterial pathogenicity. H. pylori strains carrying the cag pathogenicity island (cag-PAI) are significantly associated with severe clinical outcomes and histopathological changes. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of the cagA gene among H. pylori isolates from patients with different gastric pathologies. Further, the study hopes to verify its association with clinical outcomes. In addition, phylogenetic analysis was performed on cagA-positive H. pylori strains from patients with severe and non-severe diseases. METHODS: Gastric specimens were collected through a biopsy from 117 patients with different esogastroduodenal diseases. DNA was extracted from these gastric specimens and the polymerase chain reaction was performed to amplify the gene fragments corresponding to the 16S ribosomal RNA and cagA genes using specific primers. The polymerase chain reaction products of selected samples positive for cagA were sequenced. The sequences were aligned with reference sequences from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (Bethesda/USA), and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. RESULTS: H. pylori was detected in 65.9% (77/117) of Brazilian patients with different gastroduodenal disorders. Overall, 80.5% (62/77) of the strains were cagA-positive. The ages of patients with cagA-positive strains (15 males and 47 females) ranged from 18 to 74 years. The lesions were categorized as non-severe and severe according to the endoscopic and histopathological reports the most prevalent non-severe esogastroduodenal lesion was gastritis 54/77 (70.12%), followed by esophagitis 12/77 (15.58%) and duodenitis 12/77 (15.58%). In contrast, the most prevalent severe lesions were atrophy 7/77 (9.09%), followed by metaplasia 3/77 (3.86%) and gastric adenocarcinoma 2/77 (2.59%). Phylogenetic analyses performed with the partial sequences of the cagA gene obtained from local strains were grouped in the same clade. No differences in phylogenetic distribution was detected between severe and non-severe diseases. CONCLUSION: The cagA gene is highly prevalent among H. pylori isolates from gastric lesions in Brazilian patients. The presence of the cagA gene was not considered a marker of the severity of esogastroduodenal lesions in the present study. This is the first study to investigate the phylogenetic population structure of H. pylori strains in a Brazilian capital, which may improve our understanding of the clinical outcome of H. pylori infection.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: Helicobacter pylori coloniza aproximadamente metade da população humana mundial. A presença do microrganismo na mucosa gástrica está associada a um risco aumentado de adenocarcinoma gástrico, linfoma gástrico e úlcera péptica. No Brasil, a alta prevalência de infecção por H. pylori é um grave problema de saúde. Os fatores de virulência de H. pylori estão associados a risco aumentado de distúrbios gastrointestinais severos. O gene cagA codifica um antígeno associado à citotoxina A (CagA) que está envolvido na patogenicidade bacteriana. As cepas de H. pylori portadoras da ilha de patogenicidade cag (cag-PAI) estão significativamente associadas a desfechos clínicos severos e alterações histopatológicas. OBJETIVO: O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a prevalência do gene cagA entre isolados de H. pylori de pacientes com diferentes desordens gástricas, bem como verificar sua associação com desfechos clínicos. Além disso, a análise filogenética foi realizada em cepas de H. pylori cagA-positivas de pacientes com doenças severas e não severas. MÉTODOS: Amostras gástricas foram coletadas por meio de biópsia gástrica de 117 pacientes com diferentes doenças esogastroduodenais. O DNA foi extraído das amostras e utilizado para amplificar os fragmentos gênicos correspondentes aos genes RNA ribossomal 16S e cagA, através da reação em cadeia da polimerase. Os produtos da reação em cadeia da polimerase de amostras selecionadas positivas para cagA foram sequenciados e as sequências foram alinhadas com sequências de referência do National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (Bethesda/EUA). As análises filogenéticas foram realizadas a partir do sequenciamento e construção da árvore filogenética. RESULTADOS: H. pylori foi detectado em 65,9% (77/117) dos pacientes brasileiros com diferentes distúrbios gastroduodenais. No total, 80,5% (62/77) das cepas foram cagA-positivas. As idades dos pacientes com cepas cagA-positivas (15 homens e 47 mulheres) variaram de 18 a 74 anos. As lesões foram categorizadas como não severas e severas de acordo com o laudo endoscópico e histopatológico. A lesão esogastroduodenal não severa mais prevalente foi gastrite 54/77 (70,12%), seguida de esofagite 12/77 (15,58%) e duodenite 12/77 (15,58%). Em contraste, as lesões severas mais prevalentes foram atrofia 7/77 (9,09%), seguida de metaplasia 3/77 (3,86%) e adenocarcinoma gástrico 2/77 (2,59%). As análises filogenéticas realizadas com as sequências parciais do gene cagA obtidas de cepas locais foram agrupadas no mesmo clado. Nenhuma diferença na distribuição filogenética foi detectada entre doenças severas e não severas. CONCLUSÃO: O gene cagA é altamente prevalente entre isolados de H. pylori de lesões gástricas em pacientes brasileiros. A presença do gene cagA não foi considerada um marcador de severidade das lesões esogastroduodenais no presente estudo. Este é o primeiro estudo a investigar a estrutura filogenética da população de cepas de H. pylori em uma capital brasileira. Esses resultados irão contribuir para o entendimento sobre o desfecho clínico da infecção por H. pylori.

5.
Rev. argent. cir ; 113(1): 43-55, abr. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288173

RESUMO

RESUMEN Las resecciones hepáticas en dos tiempos se desarrollaron para aumentar la resecabilidad de los tumo res hepáticos en pacientes con futuro remanente hepático insuficiente. El ALPPS, descripto en 2011, ha representado un gran avance en el mundo de la cirugía hepatobiliopancreática. Esta técnica acelera la hipertrofia del futuro remanente hepático y reduce el intervalo de tiempo entre las dos cirugías en comparación con las técnicas clásicas. El ALPPS ha ganado popularidad rápidamente, con más de 1200 pacientes incluidos en el registro mundial. Los comités internacionales de expertos se han reunido en dos ocasiones con el fin de emitir recomendaciones, principalmente sobre las indicaciones, selección de pacientes y estandarización de la técnica quirúrgica. Aunque ha demostrado ser superior en términos de resecabilidad (entre el 80-100% frente al 60-90% de la hepatectomía en dos tiempos), su rápida implementación ha sido penalizada con alta morbi mortalidad en las series publicadas, que llega a alcanzar el 40% y el 9%, respectivamente. Además, la evidencia actual sobre los posibles beneficios y desventajas se basa mayoritariamente en estudios observacionales. Presentamos una revisión histórica, describiendo las diferentes modificaciones técnicas que se han lle vado a cabo desde su inicio y realizando una revisión rigurosa en términos de morbilidad, mortalidad y resultados oncológicos.


ABSTRACT Two-stage liver resections were described to increase the resectability of liver tumors in patients with insufficient future liver remnant. The ALPPS procedure, described in 2011, has represented a breakthrough in the field of hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery. This technique accelerates the hypertrophy of the future liver remnant and reduces the interval between the two surgeries compared with previous techniques. ALPPS has gained popularity rapidly, with more than 1200 patients included in the world registry. Recommendations about indications, patient selection and surgical standardization have been discussed twice in international expert meetings. Although ALPPS has proven to be superior in terms of resectability (80-100% versus 60-90% of two-stage hepatectomy), its rapid implementation has been punished with high morbidity and mortality reaching up to 40% and 9%, respectively, in the published series. The current evidence on the possible benefits and disadvantages is mainly based on observational studies. We present a historical review, describing the different technical modifications that have been carried out since its description, with a rigorous review in terms of morbidity, mortality, and oncological outcomes.

6.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390241

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: el programa nacional de Telemedicina - Electroencefalografía (EEG) representa un paso importante en el acercamiento de medios auxiliares de diagnóstico neurológicos a la población rural que debía recorrer grandes distancias realizando un gran esfuerzo económico. Objetivos: realizar un estudio descriptivo-comparativo abarcando resultados del ECG del periodo 2015-2016 y el estado actual hasta el año 2019. Establecer su utilidad como medio auxiliar de diagnóstico a distancia. Determinar fortalezas y debilidades. Metodología: descripción de EEG de hospitales del Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social del 2015-2016, y comparación con resultados hasta el 2019 utilizando el sistema internacional 10-20, la interpretación fue realizada por el mismo equipo de neurólogos electroencefalografistas. El informe consignado en una ficha informática es devuelto al médico remitente para su implementación terapéutica. Resultados: hasta el año 2016 hubo 9 centros para la realización de EEG pero este número aumento a 18 en 2019. La cantidad de EEG realizados fue 858 hasta 2016 y 12.139 hasta 2019. Se observó aumento de solicitudes de asistencia remota y de equipos disponibles, abarcando más regiones y mayor número de pacientes. Se registró 60% de hallazgos normales, 22,8% patológicos donde los hallazgos focales con generalización secundaria representaron la mayoría. En 17% fueron devueltos por estar incompletos e inespecíficos. Conclusiones: se encontraron 188 resultados patológicos hasta 2016 y 2.747 hasta 2019. En los hallazgos patológicos, el más frecuente en ambos periodos fue la epilepsia parcial con generalización secundaria. No hubo diferencias en cuanto a sexo y grupos etarios en ambos periodos. Los desafíos constituyen la identificación de la epilepsia como entidad nosológica independiente, implementación de un sistema de teleconsultas y ampliar aún más el área de cobertura.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The national program of Telemedicine - Electroencephalography (EEG) represents an important step in the approach of auxiliary means of neurological diagnosis to the rural population that had to travel long distances making a great economic effort. Objectives: To carry out a descriptive-comparative study covering ECG results for the 2015-2016 period and the current status until 2019. To establish its usefulness as an auxiliary means of remote diagnosis. To determine strengths and weaknesses. Methodology: Description of EEG from hospitals of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare from 2015-2016, and comparison with results until 2019 using the international 10-20 system, the interpretation was performed by the same team of electroencephalograph neurologists. The report recorded in a computer file was returned to the referring physician for its therapeutic implementation. Results: Until 2016, there were 9 centers to perform EEG but this number increased to 18 in 2019. The number of EEGs performed was 858 until 2016 and 12,139 until 2019. There was an increase in requests for remote assistance and available equipment, covering more regions and a greater number of patients. There were 60% normal and 22.8% pathological findings where focal findings with secondary generalization represented the majority. In 17%, the results were returned for being incomplete and unspecific. Conclusions: One hundred eighty-eight pathological results were found up to 2016 and 2,747 until 2019. In the pathological findings, the most frequent in both periods was partial epilepsy with secondary generalization. There were no differences regarding sex and age groups in both periods. The challenges are the identification of epilepsy as an independent nosological entity, implementation of a teleconsultation system and further expansion of the coverage area.

7.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 31(2): 18-23, jun. 2020. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1143927

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de enfermedades autoinmunes (EAI) en pacientes con Artritis Reumatoidea (AR) y comparar la frecuencia de EAI entre pacientes con AR y sin AR ni otra EAI reumatológica. Material y Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico, observacional, analítico, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos con AR (ACR/EULAR 2010) y como grupo control pacientes con diagnóstico inicial de Osteoartritis primaria (OA). Resultados: Se incluyeron 1549 pacientes: 831 con AR (84% mujeres, edad media 55.2 años [DE 13.6]) y 718 con OA (82% mujeres, edad media 67 años [DE 11.1]). La frecuencia de EAI en el grupo AR fue del 22% (n=183). Estos presentaron mayor frecuencia de EAI reumatológicas (9.4 vs 3.3%, p< 0.001), y menor frecuencia de EAI no reumatológicas que aquellos con OA (15.3 vs 20.5, p=0.007). La EAI reumatológica más prevalente fue el Síndrome de Sjögren, el cual fue más frecuente en el grupo AR (87.2 vs 29.2%, p< 0,001). La frecuencia de EAI reumatológicas en los pacientes con AR fue mayor en la forma erosiva (11 vs 6.8%, p=0.048). Conclusión: La frecuencia de EAI en los pacientes con AR fue del 22%, en quienes predominaron las de etiología reumatológica mientras que, las no reumatológicas predominaron en pacientes con OA.


Objectives: To determine the frequency of autoimmune diseases (AID) in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients and to compare this frequency between patients with and without RA or other rheumatologic AID. Methods: Multicenter, observational, analytical, retrospective study. Consecutive patients with diagnosis of RA (ACR/EULAR 2010) were included. Patients with initial diagnosis of primary ostearthritis (OA) were used as control group. Results: A total of 1549 patients were included: 831 RA (84% women, mean age 55.2 [±13.6]) and 718 OA (82% women, mean age 67 [± 11.1]). The frequency of AID in the RA group was 22% (n=183). RA patients showed higher frequency of rheumatologic AID (9.4 vs 3.3%, p< 0.001), and lower frequency of non-rheumatologic AID than OA patients (15.3 vs 20.5%, p= 0.007). The most prevalent rheumatic AID was Sjögren's Syndrome, which was more frequent in the AR group (87.2 vs 29.2%, p<0.001). The frequency of rheumatologic AID in RA patients was higher in those with erosive RA (11 vs 6.8%, p=0.048). Conclusion: The frequency of AID in RA patients was 22%. Rheumatologic AID were more frequent in RA patients, whereas non-rheumatologic AID prevailed in OA patients.


Assuntos
Humanos , Artrite Reumatoide , Doenças Autoimunes , Comorbidade , Diagnóstico
8.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 49(2): 68-75, abr.-jun. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1115646

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: El Trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) es una enfermedad multifactorial en la que, por interacción con diversas variables, se incrementa la vulnerabilidad a padecerla. Diversos modelos han explicado las interacciones, como el de diátesis-estrés. Vivir eventos estresantes no siempre lleva a la aparición del TDM, y se ha planteado que la atribución y la valoración de los eventos estresantes podrían ser un mejor predictor de la aparición de los síntomas. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación y el poder predictivo de la frecuencia y la valoración de eventos vitales estresantes en la presencia de sintomatología del TDM. Métodos: Estudio de casos y controles con 120 pacientes psiquiátricos y 120 personas de la población general. Se utilizó una entrevista clínica estructurada y el Cuestionario de Sucesos Vitales de Sandín y Chorot. Los datos se analizaron con pruebas no paramétricas y regresión logística binaria. Resultados: El grupo de casos obtuvo significativamente más altos en afecto negativo, frecuencia de eventos estresantes, nivel de estrés percibido, valoración negativa de la situación y percepción de no control. El modelo de regresión logística binaria indicó que la baja percepción de control frente al evento estresante es el factor más determinante, seguido por la evaluación negativa del evento. Conclusiones: Las atribuciones realizadas sobre los eventos estresantes son determinantes en la presentación del TDM, en especial la valoración del control percibido frente a los sucesos vitales, en concordancia con los modelos etiológicos del TDM de diátesis cognitiva al estrés.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a multifactorial disease in which, due to the interaction of several variables, the vulnerability of suffering from it increases. Several models, such as the diathesis-stress model, have explained these interactions. However, experiencing stressful events does not always lead to the development of MDD, and the attribution and appraisal of stressful events contributing to further development of depression symptoms has been considered as a possible explanation. Objective: To determinate the association and the predictive power of the frequency and appraisal of stressful life events to predict MDD symptomatology. Methods: Case-control study with 120 psychiatric patients and 120 people from the general population. A structured clinical interview and the life events questionnaire (Sandín and Chorcot) were used to evaluate the sample. The data were analysed with non-parametric tests and binary logistic regression. Results: The psychiatric patients reported significantly higher levels of negative affect, frequency of stressful life events, perceived stress, negative appraisal of the situation and lack of perceived control. The binary logistic regression model indicated that poor perception of control of the stressful event is the most determining factor, followed by negative evaluation of the situation. Conclusions: The attributions that are made regarding a stressful event are variables that predict MDD, specifically the assessment of the perceived control over the situation. These results concur with the aetiological models of MDD, such as the cognitive diathesis-stress model.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Transtorno Depressivo Maior , Sinais e Sintomas , Estresse Psicológico , Poder Psicológico , Vulnerabilidade a Desastres , Depressão , Suscetibilidade a Doenças
9.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(1): 58-62, mar. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125783

RESUMO

La ascitis quilosa posoperatoria (AQP) se debe a acumulación de líquido rico en triglicéridos en la cavidad peritoneal tras una lesión en la cisterna del quilo o en sus afluentes. Es infrecuente verla después de una hepatectomía. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 44 años con adenocarcinoma a 16 cm del margen anal T3N1, con metástasis que ocupaba casi la totalidad del lóbulo hepático derecho. Luego de quimioterapia se realizó hepatectomía derecha, observándose al cuarto día postoperatorio líquido del drenaje endotorácico de aspecto lechoso, con triglicéridos 223 mg/dL y 77 mg/dL de triglicéridos séricos. Se inició dieta sin grasas, hiperproteica, con ácidos grasos de cadena media y octreótide (100 microgramos subcutáneos cada 8 horas), con resolución del cuadro. En conclusión, la complicación quilosa puede tratarse exitosamente con un abordaje menos agresivo, sin suprimir la ingesta oral, utilizando octreótide subcutáneo, dieta exenta de grasas, suplementada con proteínas y ácidos grasos de cadena media.


Postoperative chylous ascites is an intraperitoneal collection of lymphatic fluid enriched with long-chain triglycerides that results from injury of the cisterna chyli or its main tributaries. This complication is rare after liver resections. Here, we report on the case of a 44 year-old man with a T3N1 rectal adenocarcinoma 16 cm above the anal margin, with metastatic compromise of almost the entire right liver lobe. Following chemotherapy, he underwent right liver resection. On postoperative day four, the thoracic drain evidenced milky fluid containing triglyceride 223 mg/dL with serum triglycerides 77 mg/dL. A fat-free diet was indicated with fat-free protein supplements, medium chain triglycerides and octreotide (100 μg subcutaneously every 8 hours), with complete resolution. In conclusion, postoperative chylous complications may be treated successfully by a less aggressive approach, with oral diet, subcutaneous octreotide, fat-free diet supplemented with proteins and medium chain fatty acids.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Ascite Quilosa/complicações , Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Radiografia Torácica/métodos , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos
10.
ROBRAC ; 28(85): 77-81, abr./jun. 2019. Ilus
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-1049224

RESUMO

A instalação imediata de implantes em região estética é uma prática frequente, pois reduzir a remodelação óssea e tecidual. Os implantes com interface cone Morse apresentam resultados biológicos e estéticos satisfatórios a longo prazo, pois apresentam gap reduzido entre implante e componente protético e a interface fica distante do tecido ósseo. Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a reabilitação estética de um incisivo central superior comprometido através da instalação de um implante cone Morse utilizando a técnica da cirurgia guiada com provisionalização imediata. Paciente com 40 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, apresentava incisivo central superior (#21) com tratamento endodôntico prévio, recessão gengival vestibular, escurecimento coronário e mobilidade. O caso clínico apresentado mostrou que, após 12 meses, resultados precisos e estéticos são possíveis de alcançar com a instalação de implantes em alvéolos pós-extração e instalação de um dente provisório imediato em regiões estéticas.


The immediate placement of implant in fresh sockets in the aesthetic area is a frequent practice as it reduces bone and tissue remodeling. Morse taper implants present satisfactory biological and aesthetic results in the long term, since they present a reduced gap between implant and prosthetic component and this interface is distant from bone. This article aims to report the aesthetic restoration of a compromised central upper incisor with the placement of a Morse taper implant using guided surgery with immediate provision. A 40-year-old male patient had a central upper incisor (#21) with previous endodontic treatment, vestibular gingival recession, coronary browning, and mobility. The clinical case presented showed that, after 12 months, precise and aesthetic results are possible to achieve with the placement of implants in post-extracting alveolus and installation of an immediate provisional tooth in esthetic regions.

11.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 2181-2185, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482295

RESUMO

O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a condição higiênico–sanitárias de alface e mix de vegetais (alface, acelga e cenoura) minimamente processados comercializados em oito hipermercados de Goiânia, GO. As análises mostras foram analisadas microbiologicamente: Número Mais Provável (NMP) de Coliformes Termotolerantes, com pesquisa e Escherichia coli, e pesquisa de Salmonella sp. Foi realizada ainda pesquisa de matéria estranha, por técnica de sedimentação. Apenas metades dos hipermercados possuíam hortaliças minimamente processadas próprias para consumo, as demais apresentaram contagens elevadas de microrganismos e presença de matéria estranha. As amostras de dois estabelecimentos tiveram contagens de Coliformes Termotolerantes acima de 1100 NMP/g e com presença de E. coli. Foi observada presença de matéria estranha, como parasitas e insetos, em 62,5% das amostras de alface e 25% das amostras de salada. Os parasitas encontrados foram Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancilostomídeos e Paramecium sp.


Assuntos
Alimentos Integrais , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos/legislação & jurisprudência , Verduras/microbiologia , Verduras/parasitologia
12.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 38(4): 586-593, oct.-dic. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-983969

RESUMO

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading public health issue worldwide. Objective: To explore the inequalities in ARI mortality rates in under-5, according to socioeconomic characteristics. Materials and methods: We conducted an ecological analysis to study inequalities at municipal level due to ARI mortality in children under 5 years. The data were obtained from official death records of the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. The analysis of inequalities in the under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) included: 1) Classification of the population in different socio-economic strata, and 2) measurement of the degree of inequality. We used the ARI-U5MR as an outcome measurement. The mortality rates were estimated at national and municipal levels for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2013. Rate ratios, rates differences, and concentration curves were calculated to observe the inequalities. Results: A total of 18,012 children under 5 years died by ARI in Colombia from 2000 to 2013. ARIU5MR was greater in boys than in girls. During this period, an increase in the infant mortality relative gap in both boys and girls was observed. In 2013, the U5MR evidenced that for boys from municipalities with the highest poverty had a 1.6-fold risk to die than those in municipalities with the lowest poverty (low tercile). In girls, the ARI-U5MR for 2005 and 2013 in the poorest tercile was 1.5 and 2 times greater than in the first tercile, respectively. Conclusion: Colombian inequalities in the ARI mortality rate among the poorest municipalities compared to the richest ones continue to be a major challenge in public health.


Introducción. Las infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRA) son un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Objetivo. Explorar las desigualdades de la tasa de mortalidad debida a IRA en niños menores de 5 años según las variables socioeconómicas. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un análisis ecológico para estudiar las desigualdades a nivel municipal de las tasas de mortalidad por IRA en menores de 5 años. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de los registros de muertes del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. El análisis de desigualdades incluyó la clasificación de la población por estatus socioeconómico y la medición del grado de desigualdad. Como resultado en salud se utilizó la tasa de mortalidad por IRA en menores de 5 años. Se estimaron tasas a nivel nacional y municipal para 2000, 2005, 2010 y 2013. Se calcularon razones y diferencias de tasas y curvas de concentración para observar las desigualdades. Resultados. Entre 2000 y 2013 murieron por IRA en Colombia 18.012 menores de 5 años. La tasa de mortalidad por ARI fue mayor en niños que en niñas. En el periodo, se observó un incremento en la brecha de mortalidad infantil en ambos sexos. En el 2013, la tasa de niños que murieron en municipios con mayor pobreza fue 1,6 veces mayor que la de niños en aquellos con menos pobreza. En niñas, en el 2005 y el 2013, la tasa en el tercil más pobre fue 1,5 y 2 veces mayor que la del primer tercil, respectivamente. Conclusión. Las desigualdades en la tasa de mortalidad por IRA de los municipios más pobres en comparación con la de los más ricos, continúan siendo un reto importante en salud pública.


Assuntos
Infecções Respiratórias , Mortalidade Infantil , Pobreza , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Criança , Colômbia , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde
13.
Rev. argent. cir ; 110(4): 220-222, dic. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-985195

RESUMO

El ligamento falciforme es una reflexión peritoneal abdominal relacionada con la superficie anterior del hígado, que en su borde inferior libre contiene el ligamento redondo (LR); las lesiones únicas en este son infrecuentes. Presentamos un caso de metástasis única en el ligamento redondo en un paciente con antecedente de carcinoma renal de células claras. Realizamos una búsqueda bibliográfica para identificar casos similares. Nuestro paciente es un varón de 71 años con antecedente de carcinoma renal de células tratado con nefrectomía radical izquierda laparoscópica (estadio pT3a). En tomografía computarizada (TC) control a los 5 años se evidencia lesión focal en la periferia del segmento IVa, ante la sospecha de malignidad, se realiza laparotomía exploradora revisando toda la cavidad abdominal sin evidenciar otros implantes peritoneales. Se halla un nódulo de 1 cm en el ligamento redondo y se realiza su exéresis completa, con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de metástasis de células claras. El LR generalmente está afectado en casos de carcinomatosis peritoneal y solo existen dos casos publicados de metástasis únicas.


The falciform ligament is a peritoneal reflection that attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall; its lower edge contains the round ligament (RL). Single lesions in the RL are rare and usually correspond to perivascular epithelioid cell tumors. We present a case report of a single metastasis in the RL in a patient with clear cell renal cell carcinoma who underwent surgery five years ago. We conducted a literature review to identify similar cases and we found two case reports of single metastasis in the RL. Our patient was a 71-year-old man with a history of renal cell carcinoma who underwent left laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (stage pT3a), laparoscopic right adrenalectomy and total thyroidectomy due to multinodular goiter. The pathological examination revealed metastases of renal cell carcinoma. A computed tomography (CT) scan performed at 5-year follow-up showed a focal lesion in segment IVa with no FDG uptake in the PET scan, but as malignancy was suspected, the patient underwent exploratory laparatomy with no evidence of peritoneal implants. A 1-cm node was found in the round ligament that was completely resected. The pathological examination revealed metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The RL is involved in cases of peritoneal carcinomatosis and only two cases of single metastasis have been reported: in one patient with papillary renal cell carcinoma pT1aN0 and another one with left breast adenocarcinoma.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Renais/complicações , Ligamentos Redondos/lesões , Neoplasias Renais/complicações , Metástase Neoplásica/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ligamentos Redondos/patologia
14.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 56(4): 1-10, oct.-dic. 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-900997

RESUMO

Se utiliza la base de datos Pub Med, Cochraine, Scopus y Google Escolar para realizar una revisión sistemática del estado del arte de las complicaciones metabólicas derivadas de la cirugía bariátrica. Se realiza una reflexión de la necesidad de evaluar de forma adecuada la preoperación y cumplir con las indicaciones precisas. Debe tenerse en cuanta que se producirán cambios fisiológicos que, si bien intervendrán de manera positiva en la mayor parte de los pacientes, les producirá trastornos en el metabolismo que deben de ser tenidos en cuenta para su prevención y predicción. Se exponen los principios quirúrgicos, objetivos y clasificaciones de este tipo de cirugía. Se exponen las complicaciones con énfasis en los aspectos metabólicos y las contraindicaciones de este tipo de intervención. Se concluye que la cirugía bariátrica es un procedimiento adecuado para el tratamiento de la obesidad y control de algunos aspectos metabólicos, pero es capaz de originar nuevos aspectos, que, de no tenerse en cuenta, podrían hacer fracasar sus resultados(AU)


The databases PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Google School were used to perform a systematic review of the state of the art about the metabolic complications resulting from bariatric surgery, reflecting on the need for an adequate preoperative evaluation and compliance with accurate indications taking into account that physiological changes will occur, and that, although they will have a positive impact on most patients, this will produce metabolic disorders that must be taken into account for prevention and prediction. An outlined is presented of the surgical principles, objectives and classifications for this type of surgery. The complications are exposed, with emphasis on the metabolic aspects and contraindications of this type of intervention. The bariatric surgery has been concluded to be a suitable procedure for the treatment of obesity and control of some metabolic aspects, but it is capable of producing other new aspects that, if not taken into account, could lead to the failure of its results(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Cirurgia Bariátrica/efeitos adversos , Bases de Dados Bibliográficas/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Metabólicas/complicações , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto
15.
Rev. méd. hered ; 28(3): 150-156, jul.-set. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-991416

RESUMO

Objetivos: Determinar la adherencia a la terapia médica nutricional (TMN) en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en un hospital nacional de nivel III de Lima-Perú y explorar factores asociados. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en 163 pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2 del servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Cayetano Heredia. Se utilizó un Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Alimentos (CFA). La valoración calórica y de macronutrientes fue realizada con valores de referencia del Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición (CENAN). Se definió adherencia al cumplimiento de recomendación de carbohidratos, fibra, lípidos y proteínas según la American Diabetes Association (ADA). Resultados: El promedio de edad fue 61,1 ± 10,3 años, con predominancia del sexo femenino (61,9%). El 40,5% tenía instrucción primaria. El 38% de los participantes tenía sobrepeso. El 35,6% de los encuestados fueron adherentes a TMN. El tiempo de enfermedad fue mayor en el grupo adherente (9,8 años vs 7,5 años; p=0,035); la frecuencia de pie diabético del grupo adherente fue tres veces mayor que en los no adherentes (12,1% vs 3,8%; p=0,04). Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran una baja adherencia a la TMN. Este estudio da acceso a una de las primeras aproximaciones de la adherencia a TMN en el Perú. (AU)


Objectives: To ascertain the adherence to nutritional therapy (NT) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in a level III national hospital in Lima, Peru and to explore factors associated with it. Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in 163 patients with DM2 at the Endocrinology service of Hospital Cayetano Heredia. A food frequency questionnaire was applied; caloric and macronutrient evaluation was performed with reference values from the Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición (CENAN). Adherence to recommendation for consumption of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids was evaluated based on recommendations by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Results: Mean age was 61.1 ± 10.3 years; 61.9% were females; 40.5% had elementary education; 38% had obesity. Only 35.6% adhered to NT. Time with DM2 was higher in the adherent group (9.8 vs. 7.5 years; p=0.035); frequency of diabetic foot was three times higher than that of non-adherent patients (12.1% vs 3.8%; p=0.04). Conclusions: This is the first attempt to evaluate adherence to NT in Peru showing low adherence rates. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Nutricional , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Dieta , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais
16.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 37(2): 147-151, Apr.-June 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-893968

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Situs inversus totalis is a congenital anatomic anomaly characterized by a complete inversion of thoracic and abdominal organs. We present a case of a 67 year-old patient diagnosed with situs inversus totals in his childhood who was referred for a two-month history of hematoquezia. Ascending colon cancer where found and he underwent a laparoscopic hemicolectomy with radical lymphadenectomy. An exhaustive preoperative study and a detailed planning of laparoscopic surgery including positions of operator and assistants and trocar sites have been performed to be aware of anatomic challenges. The operating time was 120 min and blood loss was minimal. Histologic examination showed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with serosal invasion and without lymph nodes metastasis (pT3N0). The patient was discharged on postoperative 6th day without complications. Laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer in patients with situs inversus totalis could be more difficult nevertheless a safe and feasible procedure should be performed successfully.


RESUMO Situs inversus totalis é uma anomalia anatómica consistindo em um investimento de órgãos abdominais. Nesse estudo, descrevemos um paciente, homem 67 anos, que foi diagnosticado com situs inversus totalis na infância. Apresentava sintomas de sangramento retal e foi diagnosticado com câncer de cólon direito e tratado cirurgicamente com receção laparoscópica. Para a realização da colectomia laparoscopica precisamos de um estudo pré-operatória completa e um plano detalhado de cirurgia com localização do trocateres e cirurgiões. A cirurgia durou 120 minutos e perde de sangue foi mínima. O resultado do exame patológico relatou adenocarcinoma (T3N0). Nosso paciente foi admitido por 7 dias e não apresentaram complicações. Para os pacientes com situs inversus totalis e câncer colorretal a receção laparoscópica pode ser mais difícil mas eficaz e segura.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Situs Inversus/cirurgia , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma
17.
CienciaUAT ; 11(2): 80-92, ene.-jun. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001709

RESUMO

RESUMEN La hidrólisis química o enzimática del bagazo de caña de azúcar permite la obtención de azúcares fermentables, utilizados en la producción biotecnológica de etanol, mediante el empleo de levaduras comerciales o autóctonas obtenidas de diferentes materiales lignocelulósicos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar la capacidad de producción de e tanol de cepas de levaduras nativas, aisladas en medio YPD e hidrolizado de bagazo de caña de azúcar, concentrado hasta un 75 %. Utilizando como variables de estudio el tipo de cepa y el tiempo de proceso, se realizó un análisis multifactorial (ANOVA) para su evaluación. Los resultados obtenidos con la cepa seleccionada UAT-3, fueron para Yp/s de 0.441 7 g/g y QP de 0.076 7 g/L-h a las 120 h. Las condiciones de proceso utilizadas en el presente estudio permitieron aislar y seleccionar cepas nativas de Sacharomyces cereviseae, con características adecuadas para ser utilizadas en procesos biotecnológicos industriales de producción de etanol, utilizando como sustrato residuos o subproductos derivados de la in dustria azucarera como el bagazo de caña de azúcar.


ABSTRACT The chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse, allows the obtaining of fermentable sugars used in the biotechnological production of ethanol by using commercial or native yeasts obtained from different lignocellulosic materials. The purpose of this study was to assess the production capacity of ethanol from a native yeast strain isolated in YPD and hydrolyzed sugar cane bagasse concentrated up to 75 %. Using as study variables the type of strain and processing time, a multivariate analysis (ANOVA) was performed for its evaluation. The results achieved with the selected strain UAT-3, were 0.441 7 g/g for Yp/s and 0.076 7 g/L-h to 120 h for QP. The process conditions used in the present study allowed to isolate and select native strains of Sacharomyces cereviseae, with characteristics suitable to be used in industrial biotechnological proceses of ethanol production, using as substrate residues or by-products derived from the sugar industry such as bagasse of sugar.

18.
Duazary ; 14(1): 8-15, 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-986807

RESUMO

La Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) se compone teóricamente de tres dimensiones que evalúan síntomas somáticos, emocionales y urogenitales relacionados con la menopausia. La utilidad de las escalas varía según las características poblacionales y no se cuenta con investigaciones que corroboren estas dimensiones en población indígena. El objetivo fue evaluar la utilidad de las dimensiones y confiabilidad de MRS en indígenas colombianas. Se realizó análisis del patrón de respuesta de MRS en 914 mujeres indígenas, 507 posmenopáusicas y 407 premenopáusicas, entre 40-60 años, media 50,3 años (DE=5,9). Se estimó alfa de Cronbach para las dimensiones originales y para las que emergieron en el análisis factorial mediante el método de máxima verosimilitud y rotación oblicua promax. MRS mostró alfa de Cronbach: 0,86; la dimensión somática 0,63, la psicológica 0,75 y la urogenital 0,84. La puntuación fue significativamente superior en posmenopáusicas que premenopausia 14,4 (DE=6,4) vs. 8,4 (DE=5,9) p<0,001. El análisis de factores identificó dos factores; el primero que dio cuenta del 39,9% de la varianza (ítem 1,7,8,9,10,11) y el segundo del 14,2% (ítem 2,3,4,5,6). La primera dimensión tuvo alfa de Cronbach 0,86; y la segunda 0,81. MRS presentó alta consistencia interna, adecuada validez nomológica y dos dimensiones. Es necesario corroborar el desempeño de los instrumentos en diferentes poblaciones.


The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) measures quality of life in menopausal women. It compounds of three dimensions that assess somatic, psychological and urogenital menopausal-related symptoms. However, the validity of the scales may vary according to population characteristics, and there are no validations to date of MRS in American indigenous population. To assess the validity of MRS in Indigenous Colombian women during menopause. A research was done a sample of 914 indigenous women, 507 postmenopausal women and 407 premenopausal. They were between 40-49 years-old, with a mean age of 59.3 ± 5.9years. MRS was applied to all enrolled women. Cronbach's alpha was applied for the original proposed dimensions, and the dimensions from the results of factor analysis and maximum likelihood methods. A Promax rotation was applied to analysis. MRS showed a Cronbach's alpha: 0.86. The somatic dimension: 0.63, the psychological dimension: 0.75, and urogenital: 0.84. Score was greater in postmenopausal compared to premenopausal, 14.4 (±SD, 6.4) versus 8.4 (±SD, 5.9) (P<0.001). The factor analysis showed two dimensions. The first dimension included items 1,7,8,9,10,11; and accounted for 39.9% of variance. The second dimension included items 2,3,4,5,6; explaining 14.2% of variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.86 for the first dimension and 0.81 for the second dimension. MRS showed high internal consistency and adequate nomological validity. The factor analysis resulted in two dimensions. These results evidence the need to better assess the validity of the instruments in different populations.


Assuntos
Menopausa , Povos Indígenas
19.
Cienc. Trab ; 15(46): 18-23, abr. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-700412

RESUMO

En Venezuela el sector informal de barberías y peluquerías constituye una fuente de absorción de mano de obra desocupada, que tiene algunas ventajas respecto a ingresos y flexibilización laboral, pero por otro lado es un sector desprotegido y con accesos limitados o nulos a servicios de seguridad y salud laboral, lo que dificulta la inclusión en programas de prevención de accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades ocupacionales. En este estudio observacional transversal y descriptivo se aplicó "la encuesta de las condiciones de trabajo y salud en América Latina del Center for International Health" y se analizaron las actividades de 40 trabajadores de barberías y peluquerías: 50% del género masculino y 50% femenino, 85% con edades comprendidas entre 20-49 años. De ellos, 65% manipulaban productos químicos, 62,5% utilizaban el secador y/o máquina de afeitar, 87,5% habían sufrido al menos una lesión en su área de trabajo y 100% refirió adoptar bipedestación prolongada, hacer movimientos repetitivos y presentar algún tipo de trastorno músculo-esquelético, cuyos síntomas más frecuentes fueron dorsalgias y lumbalgias con 37,5% y 32,5% respectivamente. Por otro lado, las várices en miembros inferiores fueron la segunda causa de morbilidad reportada.


Some of the barbershops and hair saloons -belonging to the informal sector- are a source of employment which takes in unoccupied work force. This workers have some advantages concerning to income and work flexibility, but in the other hand it is an unprotected sector with limited or nonexistent access to Occupational, Safety and Health services. This situation makes difficult to include them in labor accident occupational disease prevention programs. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in which 40 barbershop and hair saloon workers were surveyed. Their activities were analyzed, employing the "survey of work and health conditions in Latin America of the Center for International Health". Of these workers, 50% were male and 50% female, and 85% were between 20 to 49 years old. 65% used chemical products, 62,5% used hair dryers and/or shaving machines, 87,5% had suffered some form of workplace injury, and all of them admitted to have adopted prolonged standing postures, to make repetitive movements, suffering at least from any musculoskeletal disorder. The second disease reported were varicose veins.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Barbearia , Riscos Ocupacionais , Centros de Embelezamento e Estética , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Venezuela , Condições de Trabalho , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Saúde Ocupacional , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia
20.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 71(3): 74-78, jul.-sept. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-589253

RESUMO

La resistencia a la insulina contribuye a la fisiopatología de la diabetes tipo 2 y es la antesala de la obesidad, el síndrome metabólico y muchas enfermedades cardiovasculares, de allí la importancia de su detección temprana. Evaluar el grado de sensibilidad insulinica mediante los índices HOMA y QUICKI y la asociación de la insulinosensibilidad basal con algunas variables biológicas (edad, sexo, estado nutricional). Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en escolares y adolescentes entre 6 y 18 años, entre marzo y julio de 2005. Se calculó el IMC y se emplearon las curvas percentiles de FUNDACREDESA para su categorización. Se extranjeron 5mL de sangre para detectar los valores de glucosa e insulina. La sensibilidad insulínica basal se calculó mediante los índices HOMA [glicemia en ayunas (mmol/l) x insulina en ayunas (mU/l)]/22,5 y QUICKI (1/(Log glicemia ayuno (mg/dl)+Log insulina ayuno (µU/ml). Se calcularon los estadísticos descriptivos y las diferencias fueron estudiadas mediante la prueba Chi², considerando significativo a todo valor de p<0,05. 269 niños tenían peso normal (84,5 por ciento), 29 presentaron sobrepeso (9,11 por ciento) y 20 eran obesos (6,28 por ciento). No se encontró asociación significativa entre la sensibilidad insulínica y el estado nutricional. Hubo diferencia significativa en las glicemias en ayunas entre escolares y adolescentes eutróficos y con sobrepeso (p<0.001). No hubo insulino resistencia en escolares ni adolescentes. El índice HOMA alcanzó un valor cercano a 1, y el índice de QUICKI se mantuvo alrededor de 0,40 independientemente del estado nutricional.


Insulin resistance contributes to the physiopathology of diabetes and is the previous step to obesity, metabolic syndrome and many cardiovascular disease, therefore the importance of its early detection. To evaluate the degree of insulin sensitivity by means of the indexes HOMA and QUICKI and the association with some biological variables (age, gender, nutritional state). The study is descriptive of transverse cut type and included children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years. Body Mass Index was calculated and the categorization was performed by Fundacredesa's charts. Glucose and insulin were measured in blood. Basal insulin sensitivity was calculated by means of the indexes HOMA, [blood fasting sugar (mmol/1) x fasting insulin (mU/1)]/22,5 and QUICKI (1/(Log fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) + Log fasting blood insulin (µU/ml). Descriptive statistic were calculated and differences were studied by means of the test X², considering as significant, values under 0.05. There were 269 children with normal weight (84,5%), 29 were overweight (9,11%) and obese (6,28%). There was no significant association between insulin sensitivity and nutritional state. There were significant differences in fasting blood sugar between normal and overweight children and adolescents (p<0,001). There were neither children nor adolescents with insulin resistance the HOMA index reached a value of 1 and the QUICKI index was near 0,40 independently of the nutritional state.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , /fisiopatologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Sobrepeso/etiologia , Obesidade/etiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/etiologia , Técnica Clamp de Glucose/métodos
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