[Leisure-time physical activity and its association with metabolic risk factors in Tehranian adults: TLGS]

Leisure-time physical activity [LTPA], as a lifestyle-related behavior, could be a preventive factor for metabolic syndrome [MetS]. We aimed to examine the association between LTPA and MetS among the adults who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study [TLGS]. In the present cross-sectional study, 4665 adults [1976 males and 2686 females], aged 20-70 years, were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling from among TLGS participants. Subjects were classified according to their BMI. LTPA was determined via a validated and Modifiable Activity Questionnaire [MAQ], and MetS, according to the JIS criteria. Prevalence of the MetS was higher in obese groups [58.2%] compared to the overweight [36.6%] and normal weight [6%] ones [p<0.001]. Normal weight subjects [18.1%] were physically more active than other groups. In the normal weight group with light LTPA, the risk of lower levels of HDL-C and elevated levels of TG were higher than in individuals with vigorous LTPA [OR: 1.15; CI95% 1.05, 2.33] [OR: 1.46; CI95% 1.01, 2.14]. In the overweight group, the probability of elevated levels of FBS was higher among individuals with moderate LTPA than in those with vigorous LTPA [OR: 1.65 CI95% 1.37, 3.23], and there was also an inverse association between light LTPA and MetS [OR: 2.08; CI95% 1.03, 4.21]. This study confirmed that increased levels of LTPA are associated with a decreased likelihood of any inappropriate changes in components of Mets and the occurrence of Mets

[Association of T2229/C exon 12 polymorphisms of thyroid peroxidase gene with anti-TPO levels in Tehran population]

Antibody secretion in human may be the result of the changes in protein structure. Probably these changes in protein structure or polymorphism in human thyroid peroxidase [TPO] gene is the reason for presence of the anti TPO. In this study, we examined the association of T2229/C exon 12 polymorphism of TPO gene in respect to anti-TPO level. In this study 168 individuals [47 +/- 2 years] were selected as case and control groups based on anti-TPO titer above and below 100 IU/L. PCR-RFLP [polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism] was used to amplify the segment of exon 12 polymorphism. In exon 12 the allele frequencies were 0.8698 for C allele and 0.1301 for T allele and there was no significant association between this polymorphism and anti-TPO level [CC=127.5 +/- 308 IU/ml vs. TT=126 +/- 224 IU/ml]. This study indicated that there is no significant association between anti-TPO levels and T2229/C exon 12 polymorphisms. Meanwhile, selected SNP of exon12 directly has no effect on anti-TPO levels

[Presence of the x+ allele in apolipoprotein b gene increase the total cholesterol and apolipoprotein b concentration in Tehranian people]

Lipid level variations are among the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Apolipoproteins play a the key role in lipid metabolism. In the present study the association of XbaI apolipoprotein B polymorphisms on lipid variation was examined. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 849 subjects from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study population. Blood pressure was measured and the body mass index was calculated. TG, Chol, FBS, HDL-C and its subfractions, Apo B and Apo A1 levels were measured, and LDL-C concentration was calculated. A segment of the apo B gene was amplified by PCR and the polymorphism was revealed by RFLP using XbaI restriction enzyme. Allele frequencies obtained for X+ and X- were 27.6% and 72.4%, respectively and were in the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium [HWE]. The presence of the X+ allele was significantly associated with increased total cholesterol [X+X+: 193 +/- 1.2 mg/ml vs. X-X-: 182 +/- 1.2 mg/ml, P 0.022] and apolipoprotein B [X+X+: 116 +/- 1.5 mg/ml vs. X-X-: 104 +/- 1.4 mg/ml, P 0.024]. The associations were significant even after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and fasting blood sugar. The observed allele frequencies were similar to other studies. Considering the association of XbaI polymorphisms with lipids factors, it is important to examine the relationship of Apo B gene variation and similar gene with lipids metabolisms

G360t polymorphism in the APO AIV gene and its association with combined HDL/LDL-cholesterol phenotype: Tehran lipid and glucose study

Identifying genetic polymorphisms as risk factors for complex diseases can facilitate their prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis. The purpose of this study is to assess the association between Apo AIV polymorphism and lipid factors based on high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] levels in a population of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study [TLGS]. A total of 181 elderly TLGS subjects with Combined HDLC/low density lipoprotein-Cholesterol [LDL-C] phenotype were investigated. The distributions of a polymorphic site in the apolipoprotein gene APO AIV and its relationship with total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides were investigated in subjects with LDL-C> 121 mg/dL and HDL-C< 40 mg/dL [case group] and those with LDL-C< 90 mg/dL and HDL-C> 50 [controls]. All the variables studied in the case and control groups were statistically different. At the APO AIV locus the G360T polymorphism at codon 360 showed a significant impact on total cholesterol [G: 211 +/- 1.16 vs, T: 228 +/- 1.20 mg/dL p 0.038] concentration in the case group and on Apo CIII [G: 157 +/- 66.9 vs, T: 83.18 +/- 17.1 mg/dL p <0001] level in the controls. These associations remained after adjustment for age, sex and smoking [P values: P Chol: 0.028 and P Apo CIII: 0.021]. Difference in the apolipoprotein AIV [G360T] polymorphism in the two groups with the combined HDL/LDL-C phenotype indicates that this phenotype can be a selective phenotype for genetic analysis in this field

[Association of TNF-alpha promoter G-238A polymorphism and obesity in an Iranian population]

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] is expressed primarily in adiposities, and elevated levels of this cytokine have been linked to obesity and insulin resistance. We, therefore, examined the relationship between this variant and obesity in an Iranian population. Subjects of the Tehran lipid and Glucose Study were classified in two age groups, the under 18 and the above 18; adults were classified in three groups according to their body mass index; BMI<25, 25

Association of A1936/G Exon 11 polymorphism of thyroid peroxidase gene with anti-TPO levels in an Iranian population

Antibody secretion in human may be the result of the changes in protein structure, or polymorphism in human thyroid peroxidase [TPO] gene that are the reason for presence of the Anti TPO. In this study we examined the association between of A1936/G exon11 polymorphism of TPO gene in respect to Anti-TPO level and in a sample population of Tehran. We enrolled 190 individuals with 47 +/- 2 y an average age of case-control groups. PCR-ARMS was used to amplify the segment of exon11 polymorphisms. In exon 11, the genotype frequencies were in conformity with the Hardy-Weinberg expectation. The results of this study show that the frequencies were 0.7298 for the G allele and 0.2710 for A allele. The presence of the G allele is significantly associated with increased anti-TPO level [GG: 238 +/- 57 IU/ml vs. AA: 74 +/- 33 IU/ml, P<0.05]. The G allele frequenc in the group with anti-TPO>100, was higher than that of the A allele. The results indicated that G allele carriers of exon 11 are exposed to increased Anti-TPO levels higher than A carriers