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1.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1524039

RESUMO

Objetivo: desenvolver e implementar o sistema de gerenciamento de cirurgias contendo a Lista Cirúrgica e Mapa Cirúrgico. Método: este estudo é de natureza exploratória e descritiva do tipo pesquisa metodológica aplicada. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se no processo de desenvolvimento de software fundamentada no modelo de ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento de sistemas de Pressman. Resultados: o sistema foi desenvolvido e disponibilizado em todos os computadores do hospital em sua rede interna. Implementado em todos as áreas cirúrgicas e Centro Cirúrgico. Conclusão: o sistema de gerenciamento de cirurgias disponibiliza informações em tempo real de informações dos pacientes cirúrgicos a todos setores envolvidos com pacientes cirúrgicos


Objectives: to develop and implement the surgical management system containing the Surgical List and Surgical Map. Method: this study is of exploratory and descriptive nature of the applied methodological research type. The methodology used is based on the software development process based on the Pressman system development life cycle model. Results: the system was developed and made available on all hospital computers on its internal network. Implemented in all surgical areas and Surgical Center. Conclusion: the surgical management system provides real-time information on surgical patient information to all departments involved with surgical patients


Objetivos: desarrollar e implementar el sistema de gestión de cirugías que contenga la Lista Quirúrgica y el Mapa Quirúrgico. Método: este estudio es de naturaleza exploratoria y descriptiva del tipo investigación metodológica aplicada. La metodología utilizada se basa en el proceso de desarrollo de software fundamentada en el modelo de ciclo de vida de desarrollo de sistemas de Pressman. Resultados: el sistema fue desarrollado y puesto a disposición en todas las computadoras del hospital en su red interna. Implementado en todas las áreas quirúrgicas y el Centro Quirúrgico. Conclusión: el sistema de gestión de cirugías proporciona información en tiempo real de los pacientes quirúrgicos a todos los sectores involucrados con pacientes quirúrgicos


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Centros Cirúrgicos , Sistemas de Informação em Salas Cirúrgicas , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Validação de Programas de Computador , Liberação de Cirurgia
2.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1516674

RESUMO

Objetivo: analisar as cirurgias suspensas, realizando previsões futuras de três meses, a partir de outubro de 2022, através de um gráfico de linhas utilizando o software Power BI®. Método: se utilizou a técnica de médias moveis ponderada, alisamento exponencial simples, utilizando a ferramenta gráfico de linhas do Power BI®, com intervalo de confiança de 95% e previsões de três meses. Resultados: os resultados demostraram que existem diferentes etapas para construir previsões e alguns pré-requisitos devem ser preenchidos, foram encontradas as seguintes previsões com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança novembro 134(97,172), dezembro 141(102,180), janeiro 147(106.188). Conclusão: a utilização de previsões pode ser uma ferramenta útil para a tomada de decisão, prever problemas e sempre necessário na gestão de um hospital, podendo até suprimir gastos se antecipando a uma variedade de problemas.


Objective: to analyze the suspended surgeries, making future predictions of three months, starting in October 2022, through a line graph using the Power BI software. Method: we used the technique of weighted moving averages, simple exponential smoothing, using the Power BI® line graph tool, with a confidence interval of 95% and predictions of three months. Results: the results showed that there are different steps to construct predictions and some prerequisites must be fulfilled, the following predictions were found with their respective confidence intervals: November 134 (97,172), December 141 (102,180), January 147 (106,188). Conclusion: the use of forecasts can be a useful tool for decision making, predicting problems and always necessary in the management of a hospital, and can even suppress expenses in anticipation of a variety of problems.


Objetivos:analizar las cirugías suspendidas, haciendo predicciones futuras de tres meses, a partir de octubre de 2022, a través de un gráfico lineal utilizando el software Power BI®. Método: se utilizó la técnica de medias móviles ponderadas, suavizado exponencial simple, utilizando la herramienta de gráfico de líneas de Power BI®, con un intervalo de confianza del 95% y predicciones de tres meses. Resultados: los resultados mostraron que existen diferentes pasos para construir predicciones y se deben cumplir algunos requisitos previos, se encontraron las siguientes predicciones con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza: noviembre 134 (97,172), diciembre 141 (102,180), enero 147 (106,188). Conclusión: el uso de pronósticos puede ser una herramienta útil para la toma de decisiones, predicción de problemas y siempre necesaria en la gestión de un hospital, e incluso puede suprimir gastos en previsión de una variedad de problemas.


Assuntos
Administração de Recursos Humanos em Hospitais , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/estatística & dados numéricos , Software/tendências , Gastos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos
3.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 42(4): 348-351, Oct.-Dec. 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430682

RESUMO

Objective: Laparoscopic colectomy has gained acceptance as a standard treatment for benign and malignant colorectal disease, such as diverticular disease and cancer, among others. Same as in open surgery, the laparoscopic approach carries a low risk of small bowel obstruction in the postoperative period, but in laparoscopic surgery, internal hernia after laparoscopic left colectomy may be a cause of small bowel obstruction with a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. This rare complication may be prevented with routine closure of the mesenteric defects created during the colectomy. Methods: We present four cases of internal herniation after laparoscopic colectomy. Two cases were after laparoscopic left colectomy and two after laparoscopic low anterior resection. All four cases had full splenic flexure mobilization. Routine closure of the mesenteric defect was not performed in the initial surgery. Results: The four patients were treated by laparoscopic reintervention with closure of the mesenteric defect. In two of them, conversion to open surgery was necessary. One of the patients developed recurrent internal herniation after surgical reintervention with mesenteric closure of the defect. All patients were managed without need for bowel resection, and mortality rate was 0%. Conclusion Internal herniation after laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a highly morbid complication that requires prompt diagnosis and management and should be suspected in the early postoperative period. Additional studies with extended follow-up are required to establish recommendations regarding its prevention and management. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Colectomia , Hérnia Interna/etiologia , Ileostomia , Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta , Hérnia Interna/diagnóstico por imagem
4.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 51(2): 163-166, abr.-jun. 2022. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394987

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: Inhalant users may develop toluene leukoencephalopathy, a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder. We present a case of toluene-induced damage to the corticospinal and the corticonuclear tracts, which presented with involuntary emotional expression dis-order. Methods: Case study of a 20-year-old man with a 3-year history of frequent solvent abuse was admitted to the Neuropsychiatry Unit of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery because "he could not speak or walk" but would keep "laughing and crying without reason". Results: Neuropsychiatric examination revealed pathological laughter and crying, facial and speech apraxia, a bilateral pyramidal syndrome, and lack of control of urinary sphincter. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a highly selective bilateral damage to the pyramidal system and the somatosensory pathway. SPECT imaging showed left fronto-parietal hypoperfusion. Conclusions: This document provides support for the understanding of involuntary emotional expression disorders as a differential diagnosis in the clinical practice of psychiatrists, as well as the functional anatomy of these conditions.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Los usuarios de inhalantes pueden contraer leucoencefalopatía por tolueno, un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico devastador. Se presenta un caso de daño inducido por tolueno en el tracto corticoespinal y corticonuclear, que se manifestó con un trastorno involuntario de la expresión emocional. Métodos: Un varón de 20 años con antecedente de 3 años de abuso de solventes ingresó en la Unidad de Neuropsiquiatría del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía porque «no podía hablar ni caminar¼ y presentaba episodios súbitos de risa y llanto sin razón aparente. Resultados: La valoración neuropsiquiátrica reveló risa y llanto patológicos, apraxia facial y fonatoria, síndrome piramidal bilateral y ausencia de control del esfínter urinario. La resonancia magnética cerebral mostró un daño bilateral muy selectivo del sistema piramidal y la vía somatosensorial. La imagen de tomografía computarizada por emisión monofotónica mostró hipoperfusión frontoparietal izquierda. Conclusiones: Este documento proporciona apoyo para la comprensión de los trastornos de la expresión emocional involuntaria como diagnóstico diferencial en la práctica clínica de los psiquiatras, así como de la anatomía funcional de estas condiciones.

6.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 79(4): 305-309, Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1278374

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Background: Despite the abundance of information concerning ocrelizumab in phase III clinical trials, there is scarce evidence regarding real-world patient profiles. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate patient profiles, effectiveness and persistence with treatment among patients who used ocrelizumab for treatment of multiple sclerosis in Latin America. Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study in Argentina, Chile and Mexico. Medical record databases on patients who received ocrelizumab were analyzed. Demographic and clinical variables were described, along with effectiveness outcomes, which included the proportions of patients free from clinical relapses, from disability progression and from new or enlarging T2 or T1 gadolinium-enhancing lesions, on annual magnetic resonance imaging. Results: A total of 81 patients were included. The most frequent phenotype was relapsing-remitting MS, in 64.2% of the patients. The mean age at study entry was 41.3 ± 12.0 years and 51.8% were women. A total of 38% had had relapse activity during the 12 months before starting on ocrelizumab, with a mean relapse rate of 1.3 ± 0.6 during that period. 75% were free from clinical relapses and 91% were free from gadolinium-enhancing lesions in the relapsing-remitting course. Ocrelizumab discontinuation during the first 12 months was observed in three patients (3.7%). The mean persistence observed during the first-year follow-up was 338 ± 24 days. Conclusions: Our study is in line with previous randomized clinical trials and recent real-world studies describing patient profiles, effectiveness and persistence regarding ocrelizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis patients in Latin America.


RESUMEN Introducción: A pesar de la abundante información sobre ocrelizumab proveniente de los ensayos clínicos de fase III, todavía se tiene poca evidencia sobre la efectividad y el perfil de pacientes provenientes de la vida real. Objetivo: Evaluar el perfil clínico y demográfico, la efectividad y la persistencia al tratamiento en pacientes que usaron el ocrelizumab para el tratamiento de esclerosis múltiple (EM) en Latinoamérica. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo multicéntrico en Argentina, Chile y México. Se analizaron los datos de los pacientes que recibieron ocrelizumab. Se describieron las variables demográficas y clínicas, así como los resultados de efectividad que incluyeron la proporción de pacientes libres de recaídas clínicas, libres de progresión de la discapacidad, libres de nuevas lesiones en la secuencia T2 o T1 con gadolinio durante el seguimiento. Resultados: Se incluyeron 81 pacientes. El fenotipo más frecuente fue EM remitente recurrente (EMRR) en el 64,2% de los pacientes. La edad media fue de 41.3±12 años, y el 51,8% eran mujeres. Un total de 38% tuvo recaídas durante los 12 meses previos al inicio de ocrelizumab, con una tasa anualizada de recaídas media de 1.3±0.6 durante ese período. En el seguimiento a 12 meses, el 75% estuvo libre de recaídas clínicas y el 91%, libre de nuevas lesiones en RM. Tres pacientes interrumpieron el tratamiento durante el seguimiento (3,7%). La persistencia al tratamiento observada durante el primer año de seguimiento fue de 338±24 días. Conclusión: Nuestro estudio está en línea con los datos provenientes de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados previos y estudios recientes del mundo real que describen la efectividad de los perfiles de pacientes y la persistencia al tratamiento con ocrelizumab en pacientes con EM en Latinoamérica.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Esclerose Múltipla Recidivante-Remitente , Esclerose Múltipla , Argentina , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Chile , Estudos Retrospectivos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados , América Latina , México
7.
Salud ment ; 43(6): 319-327, Nov.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156879

RESUMO

Abstract Background COVID-19 affects several systems in the body, including the central nervous system (CNS), expressed in the form of headaches, hyposmia, cerebrovascular disease, and neuropathy. Older Adults (OA) are vulnerable to this infection, and may also present delirium, which may be the result of the virus directly affecting the CNS or of systemic inflammation during infection. Objective To determine the clinical characteristics, risk factors, pathophysiology, treatment measures, and prevention of delirium associated with COVID-19 from a review of the literature in times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Method A search was conducted in PubMed, SciELO, UpToDate, and Medscape using keywords in English and Spanish. Results Seventy-two articles were reviewed. We analyzed inclusion and exclusion criteria and 43 articles with relevant information for the narrative description of the review were selected. Twenty to thirty per cent of the COVID-19 patients will present or develop delirium, or changes in mental status during their hospitalization, with rates of 60% to 70% in severe illness. The exact mechanisms are likely to be multifactorial. There is a worrying lack of attention to the implications of identifying and managing delirium in the response to this pandemic. Discussion and conclusion Delirium is a frequent neurological manifestation in OA with COVID-19 and requires early identification, as well as the implementation of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment strategies, which may reduce the associated morbidity and mortality in this age group.


Resumen Antecedentes La COVID-19 afecta múltiples sistemas del organismo. Uno de ellos es el sistema nervioso central (SNC), cuya afección se manifiesta con cefalea, hiposmia, enfermedad vascular cerebral y neuropatía. Además de que los adultos mayores (AM) son vulnerables a esta infección, pueden presentar delirium, el cual puede ser resultado de una afección directa del virus al SNC o resultado de la inflamación sistémica durante la infección. Objetivo Conocer las características clínicas, factores de riesgo, fisiopatología, medidas de tratamiento y prevención del delirium asociados a COVID-19 a partir de la revisión de la literatura en tiempos de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Método Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, SciELO, UpToDate y Medscape utilizando palabras clave en inglés y español. Resultados Se revisaron 72 artículos, se analizaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión y se seleccionaron 43 artículos con información relevante para la descripción narrativa de la revisión. El 20-30% de los pacientes con COVID-19 presentarán o desarrollarán delirium, o cambios en su estado mental durante el curso de su hospitalización, con tasas del 60-70% en enfermedad grave. Es probable que los mecanismos exactos sean multifactoriales. Existe una preocupante falta de atención a las implicaciones de la identificación y el manejo del delirium en la respuesta a esta pandemia. Discusión y conclusión El delirium es una manifestación neurológica frecuente en los AM con COVID-19 y requiere su identificación temprana, así como la implementación de estrategias de tratamiento no farmacológico y farmacológico, lo que puede disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada en este grupo etario.

9.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 45(4): 798-806, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019869

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objectives To determine the differences between voiding symptoms obtained by open anamnesis (VS-Open) versus voiding symptoms obtained by directed anamnesis (VS-Directed) to predict voiding dysfunction in women. Materials and Methods Retrospective study of women with prior anti-incontinence surgery evaluated during 5 years. In a standardized clinical history taking, each patient was asked to answer question number five of the UDI-6 questionnaire ("Do you experience any difficulty emptying your bladder?"). If the answer was positive, the following voiding symptoms spontaneously described by the patient were documented: slow urine stream, straining to void, intermittent stream and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying, which were considered VS-Open. If the answer to this question was negative or if the patient had not reported the four voiding symptoms, she was asked in a directed manner about the presence of each o Ninety-one women are analyzed. Eighteen patients presented voiding dysfunction (19.8%), There was a statistical association between voiding dysfunction and the presence of any VS-Open (p = 0.037) and straining to void obtained by open anamnesis (p = 0.013). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio, respectively, were 44.4% and 27.8%, 80.8% and 94.5%, 36.3% and 55.6%, 85.5% and 84.1%, 2.324 and 5.129, and 0.686 and 0.764. There was no statistical association between voiding dysfunction and VS-Directed. Conclusions VS-Open may predict better voiding dysfunction than VS-Directed in women.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos Urinários/diagnóstico , Transtornos Urinários/fisiopatologia , Anamnese/métodos , Valores de Referência , Incontinência Urinária/cirurgia , Urodinâmica , Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
10.
CienciaUAT ; 13(2): 44-55, ene.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011775

RESUMO

Resumen La responsabilidad social corporativa percibida se confirma vigente como un predictor significativo del comportamiento de compra. Sin embargo, existen variables intervinientes, como los buenos sentimientos, que llevan consigo características de disfrute, satisfacción y beneficio percibido, cuyos efectos pueden intensificar tal comportamiento. No obstante, este fenómeno no ha sido lo suficientemente estudiado en México. Por otra parte, las proyecciones demográficas sugieren que, en el mediano plazo, los mercados de consumo internacional y nacional estarán dominados por la generación millennial, con mayor énfasis, por quienes cuentan con un grado educativo superior y una ocupación laboral. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar si la variable buenos sentimientos tiene efectos catalizadores en el consumo socialmente responsable de una muestra de jóvenes mexicanos millenials que estudian y laboran. Se encuestó a 97 estudiantes universitarios de una escuela de negocios del sur de Tamaulipas. Se empleó el modelo de regresión con mediación para explorar los efectos mediadores de buenos sentimientos en la relación entre la percepción de RSC y el consumo responsable. Los resultados indicaron que los buenos sentimientos, sí tienen efectos catalizadores positivos y significativos en el consumo de los estudiantes millennials mexicanos que trabajan, debido a la satisfacción, disfrute y el beneficio percibido que estos manifestaron al hacer consumos responsables a empresas con RSC.


Abstract Perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been confirmed as a significant predictor of purchase behavior. Nevertheless, there are intervening variables such as "the good feelings" that involve characteristics of enjoyment, satisfaction and perceived benefit, whose effects can reinforce such behavior. In Mexico, these effects have not been sufficiently studied. Recent demographic projections, however, suggest that, in the mid-term, the national and international consumption market will be dominated by the millennial generation, especially by those who have a higher education degree and have already entered the labor market. Consequently, the objective of this article was to analyze if "the good feelings" variable increases the predictor effect of the perceived CSR on the social responsible purchase behavior. 97 university millennial students from a business school located on the southern region of Tamaulipas were surveyed. A regression model with mediation was employed to explore the mediating effects of the "good feelings" variable on the relationship between the perception of CSR and responsible consumption. The results indicated that "the good feelings" variable increases the positive and significant effect on the responsible consumption of the millennial Mexican students, due to the satisfaction, enjoyment and perceived benefit when consuming in a socially responsible way.

11.
Salud UNINORTE ; 34(3): 819-823, sep.-dic. 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004634

RESUMO

Resumen Las sintomatologías de la infección por ascaris lumbricoides es generalmente gastrointestinal y su tratamiento es clínico, sin embargo, la obstrucción intestinal es la forma de presentación más rara y requiere de tratamiento quirúrgico. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 6 años, con vómito, dolor y distensión abdominal de 48 horas de evolución. La radiografía abdominal mostró niveles hidroaéreos. Se realizó una exploración quirúrgica que encontró un apelotonamiento de parásitos a nivel del íleon. Se describe el manejo terapéutico.


Abstract The symptomatology of Ascaris lumbricoides infection is generally gastrointestinal and the treatment is clinical, however intestinal obstruction is the most rare form of presentation and requires surgical treatment. The case of a 6-year-old patient with vomiting, pain and abdominal distension over 48 hours of evolution is presented. Abdominal radiography showed fluid levels. A surgical exploration was performed which found a package of parasites at the ileum. Therapeutic management is described.

12.
Rev. lasallista investig ; 15(2): 405-411, jul.-dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094008

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: No existen programas nutricionales significativos, dirigidos al conocimiento del estado nutricional y hábitos alimentarios de las comunidades indígenas Shuar que generen la promoción de programas de salud. La población más vulnerable de la etnia indígena Shuar es la infantil; quienes viven en zonas rurales y urbanas marginales con limitaciones en servicios de salud y educación debido a su asentamiento en zonas selváticas de difícil acceso. Objetivo: Evaluar el estado nutricional y hábitos alimenticios en niños y niñas de 0 a 12 años, mediante el análisis de datos antropométricos y pruebas bioquímicas como línea de base para intervenciones futuras en salud comunitaria. Materiales y métodos: Es un estudio con alcance cuantitativo de tipo no experimental, transversal-descriptivo. Se realizaron historias clínicas nutricionales, recordatorio de 24 horas, frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, así como una confrontación de datos antropométricos y muestra sanguínea para cuantificación de hematocrito capilar. Resultados: El 21,79% del total de niños atendidos en las 3 comunidades indígenas presenta Desnutrición. El 6,41% del total de niños atendidos en las 3 comunidades indígenas presenta bajo peso. El 1,92% del total de niños atendidos en las 3 comunidades indígenas presenta sobrepeso. Conclusión: La desnutrición se debe a múltiples factores, entre los cuales se ha identificado la ingesta de alimentos con escaso valor nutritivo, factores socioeconómico-culturales y a las grandes distancias para obtener alimentos diversificados.


Abstract Introduction: There are no significant nutritional programs, aimed at understanding the nutritional status and eating habits of the indigenous Shuar communities that generate the promotion of health programs. The most vulnerable population of the Shuar indigenous ethnic group is the infantile population; those who live in marginal rural and urban areas with limitations in health and education services due to their settlement in jungle areas of difficult access. Objective: Evaluate the nutritional status and eating habits of children from 0 to 12 years old, by analyzing anthropometric data and biochemical tests as a baseline for future community health interventions. Material and methods: It is a study with a quantitative scope of a non-experimental, transversal-descriptive nature. Nutritional clinical histories, 24-hour reminder, frequency of food consumption, as well as a comparison of anthropometric data and blood sample for quantification of capillary hematocrit were performed. Results: 21.79% of the total number of children served in the 3 indigenous communities presents Malnutrition. 6.41% of the total number of children served in the 3 indigenous communities is underweight. 1.92% of the total number of children treated in the 3 indigenous communities is overweight. Conclusions: Malnutrition is due to multiple factors, among which has been identified the intake of food with low nutritional value, socioeconomic-cultural factors and the great distances to obtain diversified food.


Resumo Introdução: Não existem programas nutricionais significativos, visando a compreensão do estado nutricional e hábitos alimentares das comunidades indígenas Shuar que geram a promoção de programas de saúde. A população mais vulnerável do grupo étnico indígena Shuar é a população infantil; aqueles que vivem em áreas rurais e urbanas marginais, com limitações nos serviços de saúde e educação, devido ao seu assentamento em áreas de difícil acesso na selva. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional e hábitos alimentares de crianças de 0 a 12 anos, analisando dados antropométricos e testes bioquímicos como base para futuras intervenções de saúde comunitária. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo com escopo quantitativo, de natureza não-experimental, de natureza transversal-descritiva. Foram realizadas histórias clínicas nutricionais, lembrete de 24 horas, frequência de consumo alimentar, comparação de dados antropométricos e amostra de sangue para quantificação do hematócrito capilar. Resultados: 21,79% do total de crianças atendidas nas 3 comunidades indígenas apresenta Desnutrição. 6,41% do total de crianças atendidas nas três comunidades indígenas está abaixo do peso. 1,92% do total de crianças tratadas nas três comunidades indígenas está acima do peso. Conclusões: A desnutrição deve-se a múltiplos fatores, dentre os quais se identificou a ingestão de alimentos de baixo valor nutricional, fatores socioeconômicos-culturais e as grandes distâncias para obtenção de alimentos diversificados.

13.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 49(3): 569-574, July-Sept. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-951794

RESUMO

Abstract Multidrug-resistant microorganisms are of great concern to public health. Genetic mobile elements, such as plasmids, are among the most relevant mechanisms by which bacteria achieve this resistance. We obtained an Escherichia coli strain CM6, isolated from cattle presenting severe diarrheic symptoms in the State of Querétaro, Mexico. It was found to contain a 70 kb plasmid (pMEX01) with a high similarity to the pHK01-like plasmids that were previously identified and described in Hong Kong. Analysis of the pMEX01 sequence revealed the presence of a blaCTX-M-14 gene, which is responsible for conferring resistance to multiple β-lactam antibiotics. Several genes putatively involved in the conjugative transfer were also identified on the plasmid. The strain CM6 is of high epidemiological concern because it not only displays resistance to multiple β-lactam antibiotics but also to other kinds of antibiotics.


Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Plasmídeos/genética , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , beta-Lactamas/farmacologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Infecções por Escherichia coli/veterinária , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Plasmídeos/metabolismo , beta-Lactamases/genética , beta-Lactamases/metabolismo , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , México
14.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1051749

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir el resultado del proceso de atención en donantes con pruebas reactivas al tamizaje realizado en el banco de sangre del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo, primer semestre del 2015. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en 363 donantes con resultado reactivo, durante el primer semestre del año 2015. Se incluyó a todos los donantes. Durante estos meses fueron llamados telefónicamente para citarlos a una prueba confirmatoria; y durante los meses de julio a octubre del 2015, se les realizó seguimiento basado en el tiempo que demoraron en realizarse la prueba confirmatoria, cita con el especialista y estado de tratamiento. Resultados: De 3969 donantes, 363 tuvieron un resultado reactivo. Se logró contactar vía telefónica a 221 donantes (60,9%); de los cuales acudieron 98 (44,3%) y de ellos, 29 obtuvieron resultado positivo en la prueba confirmatoria. De éstos 9 fueron informados del resultado de la prueba confirmatoria, 7 acudieron a consulta con médico especialista, y 5 han recibido o se encuentran recibiendo tratamiento según la infección que presentaron. Conclusiones: La mayor prevalencia de reactividad fue en varones, siendo el marcador serológico Anti HBc total con 4,2%. Se obtuvo gran cantidad de falsos positivos. Además, la mayoría de donantes no acude realizarse la prueba confirmatoria a pesar de haber sido informado.


Objetive: describe the outcome of the donor care process with reactive screening tests performed at the blood bank of the Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo National Hospital, first semester of 2015. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out on 363 donors with reactive results, during the first semester of 2015. All donors were included. During these months they were called by telephone to summon them to a confirmatory test; and during the months of July to October 2015, they were followed up based on the time it took to perform the confirmatory test, appointment with the specialist and treatment status. Results: Of 3969 donors, 363 had a reactive result. Telephone contact was made to 221 donors (60.9%); of which 98 (44.3%) attended and of them, 29 obtained positive results in the confirmatory test. Of these, 9 were informed of the result of the confirmatory test, 7 attended a specialist consultation, and 5 received or are receiving treatment according to the infection they presented. Conclusions: The highest prevalence of reactivity was in males, with a total anti - HBc serological marker of 4.2%. A large number of false positives was obtained. In addition, most donors do not attend the confirmatory test despite having been informed.

15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(1): 2-5, Jan. 2018. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-888341

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a form of autoimmune encephalopathy that presents with a wide variety of symptoms, including neuropsychiatric manifestations. The authors' aim for this study was to analyze the results of paraclinical studies of patients with a diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and the association between symptom onset and diagnosis, and start of immunotherapy. Retrospective data of 29 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were gathered and analyzed. Abnormal EEG was found in 27 patients (93.1%), whereas MRI was abnormal in 19 patients (65.5%). In contrast, an inflammatory pattern on CSF analysis was found in only 13 patients (44.8%). The absence of pleocytosis or increased proteins in the CSF was associated with a longer time from symptom onset to diagnosis and treatment (p = 0.003). The authors conclude that noninflammatory CSF may delay the correct diagnosis and start of immunotherapy in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. In the presence of suggestive clinical features, extensive studies including EEG are recommended.


RESUMEN La encefalitis por receptor anti-N-metil-D-aspartato (anti-NMDAR) es una encefalopatía autoinmune con una amplia variedad de síntomas, incluyendo manifestaciones neuropsiquiátricas. Nuestro objetivo en este estudio fue analizar los resultados paraclínicos de pacientes diagnosticados con encefalitis anti-NMDAR y la asociación entre inicio de sintomatología, el diagnóstico y el inicio de inmunoterapia. Encontramos un EEG anormal en 27 pacientes (93.1%), así como IRM anormal en 19 de ellos (65.5%). En contraste, el análisis de LCR mostró un patrón inflamatorio en tan solo 13 pacientes (44.8%). La ausencia de pleocitosis o proteínas incrementadas en el LCR se asoció con un mayor tiempo desde el inicio de la sintomatología hasta el inicio del tratamiento (p=0.003). Concluimos que el LCR no inflamatorio puede retrasar el diagnóstico correcto y el inicio de tratamiento en encefalitis anti-NMDAR, por lo que se recomienda la realización de estudios exhaustivos, incluyendo EEG, ante la presencia de indicadores clínicos sugerentes del padecimiento.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Proteínas do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Diagnóstico Tardio , Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Eletroencefalografia , Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/terapia , Imunoterapia , Leucocitose/líquido cefalorraquidiano
16.
Chinese journal of integrative medicine ; (12): 912-919, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-690585

RESUMO

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the effect of metanol extract of Petiveria alliacea (PM) on airway inflflammation in a murine model of chronic asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two-month-old male BALB/c mice (n=6-8/group) were sensitized on days 0 and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 20 μg ovalbumin (OVA). On day 25, the mice received an airway challenge with OVA (3%, w/v, in phosphate buffered saline). PM was administered orally by oral gavage to mice at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight once daily from days 18 to 23. Control mice were orally administered phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to induce a model of asthma. At the end of the test, respiratory reactivity was assayed, the total cell number, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined and the levels of serum IgE, intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and eotoxin were measured. In addition, lung tissue was used to qualify the IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNF-α and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Histologic examination was performed to observe inflammatory cellular infiltration.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The administration of PM in comparison with the OVA-only treated group signifificantly attenuated the infifiltration of eosinophils and other inflflammatory cells (P<0.01). Airway resistance (RI) in the OVA-only induced group was significantly higher than that of the PBS control group (P<0.01) when methacholine was added. TNF-α, IgE, TGF-β1 and cytokine levels IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in the BALF decreased compared to control mice (P<0.01 or P<0.05). PM treatment also inhibited the production of chemokines, eotaxin and ICAM-1 in BALF (P<0.01), which improved lung function. Histopathological examination revealed that the sensitized treated PM groups had significant lower in inflammatory scores similar to dexamethasone treatments and the untreated group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Administration of PM could inhibit airway inflammation, regulate cytokines, chemokines and enhance pulmonary conditions in allergic murine model of asthma.</p>

17.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 33(4): 58-66, oct.-dic. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-960437

RESUMO

Introduction: In México there are only 4 cities that have significantly active hematopoietic stem cell transplantation programs; onlyin 3 of those cities, the most important national public health institution IMSS (Mexican Social Security Institute) count with them. The cities where these programs are found are Mexico City, Monterrey and Puebla. Since the beginning of this decade, and before, the productivity of these transplant programs in this public health institution is low, performing on average 148 transplants every year. Results: In the span comprised between April 1995 and October 2016, we have performed 474 hematopoietic transplants in our hospital; 229 of them were allogeneic and 245 autologous, in adult and children population. This accumulated experience has allowed the implementation of all the variety of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation available in our country, this has opened up the opportunity, for the first time in our institution, the possibility to provide a donor for every patient who requires an hematopoietic transplant, overcoming the phase in which patients could not be submitted to the procedure for lack of a compatible donor. Conclusions: The goals achieved in our hospital confirm the feasibility in developing uninterrupted long term transplant programs in hospitals not specially equipped with technology nor abundant funds of the public health system in the national province, and it shows that this programs can be created and developed in hospitals with similar conditions to ours in México, Latin America and middle-low income countries(AU)


Introducción: en méxico solo cuatro ciudades cuentan con programas de trasplante hematopoyético significativamente activos y en solo tres los tiene el IMSS, la principal institución de salud del país: Monterrey, Puebla y la ciudad de México .La productividad de estos centros del sector público es muy baja, realizando en conjunto 148 trasplantes en promedio por año desde el principio de la década actual. Resultados: en el lapso comprendido entre abril de 1995 y octubre de 2016, se efectuaron 474 trasplantes hematopoyéticos en nuestro hospital; 229 de ellos fueron alogénicos y 245 fueron autólogos, en población adulta e infantil. Esta experiencia acumulada ha permitido la implementación de todas las variedades disponibles en el país de estos procedimientos, lo que ha generado, por vez primera en la institución, poder contar con un donante para todo paciente que requiera un trasplante hematopoyético; superándose la etapa en la que los enfermos no se sometían al procedimiento por falta de un donador compatible. Conclusiones: la actividad acumulada en nuestra unidad hospitalaria confirma la factibilidad de desarrollar programas ininterrumpidos, a largo plazo, de estos procedimientos terapéuticos en hospitales no especialmente dotados de tecnología ni presupuesto del sector público de la provincia nacional y denota que estos mismos programas pueden ser creados y desarrollados en nosocomios con condiciones similares al nuestro en diversos territorios de México, de Latinoamérica y de países con ingreso medio-bajo(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Planos e Programas de Saúde , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , México
18.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 15(5): 288-300, Sept. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-907546

RESUMO

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is involved in both sunburn and the development of skin cancer, which has a high incidence worldwide. Strategies to reduce these effects include the use of photoprotective substances. The aim of this work was to investigate the photoprotective effect of verbascoside isolated from the methanolic extract of Buddleja cordata (BCME) in SKH-1 mice exposed to acute and chronic UV-B radiation. The mouse dorsal area was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically for diagnosis; verbascoside penetration into mouse skin was investigated in vivo by the tape stripping method. After acute UV-B exposure, 100 percent of irradiated mice that had been protected with verbascoside showed no signs of sunburn or of inflammatory processes. After chronic exposure, 100 percent of unprotected mice showed skin carcinomas; in contrast, in mice topically treated with either BCME or verbascoside, the presence of lesions was decreased by 90 percent. These results prove that verbascoside penetrates through the skin of mice and suggest that verbascoside and BCME may potentially prevent photodamage on mice’s skin after acute and chronic UVR exposure.


La radiación ultravioleta (RUV) provoca quemaduras solares y el desarrollo de cáncer de piel. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar el efecto fotoprotector del verbascósido obtenido del extracto metanólico de Buddleja cordata (EMBC) en ratones SKH-1 expuestos a RUV-B de manera aguda y crónica. El diagnóstico histológico se llevó a cabo en la piel de la zona dorsal de los ratones. La penetración del verbascósido fue cuantificada mediante la técnica de la cinta adhesiva. En el experimento agudo, el 100 por ciento de los ratones protegidos con verbascósido no evidenciaron signos de quemadura ni procesos inflamatorios. En el experimento crónico los ratones sin protección e irradiados presentaron carcinomas cutáneos. En contraste en los ratones protegidos con EMBC o verbascósido las lesiones disminuyeron un 90 por ciento en ambos grupos. El verbascósido penetró en la piel del ratón. Los resultados sugieren que el EMBC y el verbascósido previenen el fotodaño en la piel de ratones expuestos de forma aguda o crónica a la RUV.


Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Buddleja/química , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Pele , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Eritema/prevenção & controle , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos Pelados , Pele/patologia , Queimadura Solar/prevenção & controle , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos
20.
San Salvador; s.n; 2016. 56 p. tab.
Tese em Espanhol | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1252502

RESUMO

¿Qué procedimientos debe aprender el Médico Familiar de El Salvador? Para responder a esta pregunta se hizo uso del método Delphi, utilizando una lista preliminar de 65 procedimientos básicos y 15 procedimientos avanzados tomando un consenso canadiense, y se preguntó a un grupo de expertos, miembros de la Asociación de Medicina Familiar de El Salvador (AMEFAES). Se utilizó un cuestionario por correo electrónico detallando el listado de procedimientos y se calculó la media y cuartiles de las respuestas. Este cuestionario se envió a 19 médicos familiares en una primera fase y respondieron 8 (42%) obteniendo un consenso en 62 procedimientos; 58 básicos y 4 avanzados. Se realizó una segunda fase con los participantes de la primera fase para someter a reconsideración los procedimientos que no alcanzaron consenso y solamente 6 (75%) respondieron logrando consenso en 2 procedimientos más; 1 básico y 1 avanzado. Se hizo obligatoria una tercera fase pues en la revisión de datos se evidenciaron resultados incongruentes en los cálculos de los cuartiles realizados por el programa Excel/07 y al recalcular de forma manual se encontraron 4 procedimientos que no alcanzaron consenso y 1 procedimiento que de forma involuntaria no se envió en la segunda fase; respondiendo solamente 4 (66%) de los expertos que participaron en la segunda fase no obteniéndose consenso en ningún procedimiento. Esta investigación cualitativa permitió definir una lista de 59 procedimientos básicos y 5 procedimientos avanzados, totalizando 64 procedimientos en los que debería entrenarse a los médicos familiares durante su formación


Assuntos
Medicina de Família e Comunidade/organização & administração
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