Koilocytic lesions of the cervix and their relationship to CIN carcinoma cervix

303 uterine cervices, obtained from hysterectomy specimen were studied histologicaly. Various pathalogical conditions were categorized into non-dysplastic lesions [47.85%], mild dysplasia [CIN 1,29%], moderate dysplasia [CIN II, 7.9%], severe dysplasia [CIN 111,4.6%], and invasive carcioma [9.9%]. The issue sections were also assessed for the presence of koilocytes in the lesions mentioned, or in the surrounding epithelial cells Kailocytes were found in 69/303 cases [22.7%] and were divided into two groups: Type A is more significantly related to Humman papilloma Virus infection and found in 27/69 [39.13%], while type B is less specific and was found in 42/69 [60.86%]. The association with other pathological lesions were studied, koilocytes A was found in 11/145 [8. 27%] of the non- dysplastic lesions, while it was seen in 8/88 [9.09%] of CIN 1,4/24[16.66%] of CIN 11, and 2/14 [14.28%] of CIN III and 1/30 [3.33%] of invasive carcinoma. The low incidence of HPV as evidenced by koilocytic changes in our patients might suggests a low incidence of invasive carcinom of the cervix in our community. More studies are needed to confirm this etiological relationship in our patients to identify the probable different factors that may operate in the causation of CIN and carcinoma together

Lymphadenopathy: a histopathologic study of 1145 biopsies

In a retrospective study, 1145 lymph node biopsies of patients with lymphadenopathy were examined histologically in Saddam's Medical City Teaching Hospital Laboratoties from 1986-1990. Granulomatous lymphadenitis of tuberculous origin is still a common cause of lymphadenpathy [16.1%], only preceeded by the group of inflammatory/reactive diseases which constituted 31.5%. Primary malignant lymphomas both Hodgkin's disease and Malignant Non- Hodgkin's Lymphoma were detected in 22% of the total with nearly equal incidence [10.9% and 11.1%] respectively. Although the study excluded regional lymph nodes that were attached to surgical specimens of resected malignant tumors, the incidence of metastatic malignancies presented as lyrnphadenopathy were still high and constituted 20.3%. Our results were consistent with similar Iraqi studies

Endometrial biopsy and serum progesterone level in infertile women

The ovulation of 103 infertile patients was assessed by studying the endometrial histology and serum progesterone. All patients and their serum progesterone measured on day 21 of their cycles when peak level is expected. The endometrial biopsies were obtained between day 21 and 28 of the cycle when secretory changes should be seen, according to Noyes et al classification [1] in our study, 28% of the patients showed non-s ecretoiry yendometrium that reflects failure of ovulation. All those patients had serum progesterone levels be low 10 ng/ml. Luteal phase defect [irregular secretory changes] was seen in 21.4% of our patients, 82.4% of those had serum progesterone below 10 ng/ml Normal secretory changes compatible with day of the normal menstrual cycle were seen in 46.6% of our patients. The serum progesterone in those patients showed a level above 5mg/ml in 71.30%. From the above findings we conclude that blood progestrone levels above 10 ng/ml are usually associated with adequate secretory changes in the endometrium, if serum progesterone levels are below 10 ng/ml, secretory changes of the endometrium may well developed. Because of some limitation of both parameters, it is advised that both hormonal assays and endometrial histology should be done to obtain precise assessment of ovulation

Ovarian tumours in the Medical City Hospital - a clinico pathologic study

A study of 244 patients having ovarian tumours seen and treated at the Medical City Teaching hospital was carried out during the period from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1982. Two thirds of the patients were young adults [20-40 years]. The most common cystic benign tumour seen among the patients studied is the benign cystic teratoma. On the other hand, various types of adenocarcinoma are the most common solid tumours. An interesting finding is that malignant germ cell tumours are more common in our study compared to most other studies from Western countries. About 60% presented with abdominal pain, 25% with abdominal mass, while 15% of these tumours were discovered during examination for other gynaecological problems. Involvement of the right ovary is seen in 38%, the left ovary in 35% and in 17% the tumour was bilateral. The tumours were cystic in consistency in 74%, solid in 10% and 13% had disseminated malignany at the time of operation.This study gives basic information about the incidence and behaviour of the ovarian neoplasms in Iraqi women

Urine cytological examination in clinical practice

Urine of 245 patients with various urinary tract disorders were studied cytologically, and the findings were correlated with the clinical cystoscopic and histopathological findings of the biopsies taken from these patients. Malignant cells were detected in the urine of 91% of bladder cancer patients, 43% of either renal or prostatic cancer patients and in one patient with a ureteral tumour. Urothelial atypia [dysplastic and metaplastic changes] were detected in 50% of patients with chronic bilharzial cystitis and 59% of patients with urolithiasis-particularly those harboring vesical calculi, raising the speculation that these patients are high risk groups of developing bladder cancer. The overall accuracy of urine cytological examination was 90%, with false positive and false negative results respectively forming 2% and 8%

Tumours of the minor and major salivary glands [analysis of 225 cases]

The study includes a review of the histopathological types of 225 tumours of the major and minor salivary glands diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Medical City Hospital during eleven years period. The majority [71%] were benign [mostly pleomorphic adenomas]. Of the malignant tumours, mucoepedermoids were the most common. About 30% of these behaved as highly malignant carcinoma. Adenoid cystic carcinoma [about 20% of all carcinomas] mostly affected salivary glands other than the parotid. Various clinico-pathological aspects of the salivary gland tumours in Iraq are discussed