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Objective:To investigate the epidemic characteristics of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2020, and provide a reliable scientific basis for formulating brucellosis prevention and control strategies in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out to collect data of human brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2020 from the "China Disease Control and Prevention Information System", and the monitoring data and information of confirmed cases were collected from the annual summary data reported by the leagues (cities) of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Using descriptive epidemiological methods, the epidemic situation, three distributions (time, region and population distributions) of brucellosis, and the serological and pathogenic test results of active monitoring population were analyzed.Results:From 2018 to 2020, a total of 40 665 cases of brucellosis were reported in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with an annual average incidence rate of 53.47/100 000. The number of annual incidence had increased from 10 111 in 2018 to 16 406 in 2020, and the annual incidence rate had increased from 39.99/100 000 in 2018 to 64.60/100 000 in 2020. The spring and summer was the peak incidence, mainly in March to August, accounting for 64.90% (26 390/40 665) . There were reports of brucellosis cases in 12 leagues (cities) of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the top 3 regions with the number of reported cases were Tongliao City (9 896 cases), Xing'an League (6 136 cases) and Chifeng City (4 934 cases). The age of onset of brucellosis cases was mainly 30 - < 65 years old(33 539 cases), and the sex ratio between men and women was 2.18 ∶ 1.00 (27 890 ∶ 12 775); the occupational distribution was mainly farmers, accounting for 79.23% (32 221/40 665). From 2018 to 2020, 704 085 people were actively monitored in the region, of which 391 941 were serologically tested, and the infection rate was 4.57% (17 920/391 941); and there were 9 539 new cases in the active monitoring population. In 3 years, 19 strains of Brucella sheep type 3 and 11 strains of Brucella sheep type 1 were isolated. Conclusions:From 2018 to 2020, the incidence rate of brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is increasing year by year. There are many new cases in the active monitoring population, and more underreporting cases. It is recommended to expand the scope of monitoring, strengthen pathogen monitoring among humans and animals, and joint prevention and control of various departments to improve the self-protection awareness of the masses.
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Objective To investigate the expression of IgG4 in liver tissues of patients with type Ⅰ autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and to analyze the clinical manifestation,biochemical indexes,immunological genetic features,pathological characteristics and the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.Methods From March 2012 to July 2013,45 patients diagnosed as type Ⅰ AIH were enrolled.Immunostaining of CD38,IgG and IgG4 in liver tissue slices was performed,inflammation grade G and fibrosis stage S were determined.At the same time,serological indexes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),IgG,antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer,antibodies to asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPRAb)) of the patients were collected,serum IgG4 was tested and the response to immunosuppressive therapy was observed.Wilcoxon rank sum test and t test were performed for quantitative data comparison.Spearman correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis.Results Among 45 patients with type Ⅰ AIH,five patients (11.1％) were IgG4 associated AIH (IgG4-AIH group).There were no significant differences in age,gender,biochemical indexes (serum levels of ALT,AST,ALP),immunity indexes (serum levels of IgG,ANA titer,ASGPRAb) and degree of liver fibrosis between patients with IgG4-associated AIH and classical AIH (40 cases) (all P＞ 0.05).Compared with classical AIH group (18.3(6.7) mg/L).The serum level of IgG4 of IgG4 AIH group was 25.8(9.2) mg/L,which significantly increased (Z=-2.041,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in serum level of IgG4 between the two groups (P＞0.05).There was no correlation between the number of infiltrated IgG4 positive plasma cells and the serum level of IgG4 (r=0.311,P=0.279).The inflammation in the liver tissues of IgG4-AIH group was more significant compared with that of classic AIH group (H=4.120,P＜0.05).The number of CD38' or IgG+ plasma cells was larger compared with that of classical AIH (CD38(39.3(13.5)/high power field (HPF) vs (21.3(8.8))/HPF,IgG(39.3 (14.0))/HPFvs (18.5(8.9))/HPF;Z ＝-3.561 and-3.584,both P＜0.01).The number of IgG4+ plasma cells in liver tissues was positively correlated with the number of CD38+ or IgG+ plasma cells (r=0.884 and 0.791,both P＜0.01).Conclusions Among patients with type Ⅰ AIH,the incidence of IgG4-associated AIH was not high.The serum level of IgG4 did not significantly increase in these patients.However,the histological inflammation activity was significant along with many CD38+ or IgG+ plasma cells infiltration.
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Objective To investigate the Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in the immediate relatives of patients with gastric cancer.Methods One hundred and eighty two immediate relatives of 86patients with gastric cancer and 126 age and sex-matched immediate relatives of 46 dyspeptic patients were enrolled in the study from March 2010 to March 2011.C14 or C13 urea breath tests were performed and for those with Hp-positive results serological typing was further performed.Results One hundred and forty two out of 182 immediate relatives of gastric cancer patients were Hp positive with a Hp infection rate of 78％,which was significantly higher than that of immediate relatives of dyspeptic patients ( 78.0％ vs 47.6％,x2 =30.5,P ＜ 0.05,P =0.006 ).The average age of former was significantly higher than that of latter (46 ±6 y vs 38 ± 6 y; t =13.34,P ＜ 0.05).The rate of serological type Hp-1 in immediate relatives of cancer patients was significantly higher than that of those of dyspeptic patients (68.3％ vs 38.3％,x2 =14.28,P ＜0.05 ).The infection rate of children,both parents of whom were infected with Hp and only one parent infected with Hp (52.8％,43.2％,respectively ) was higher than that of children whose parents were not infected with Hp ( 13.3％ ) ( x2 =6.80,P ＜ 0.01 and x2 =4.35,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The Hp infection rate is high in immediate familial members of gastric cancer patients and the predominant serological type of Hp is Hp-1.
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The percentage of peripheral blood CD4 + CD28 - T cell in 59 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) (36 with active disease and 23 stable) and 30 normal individuals was evaluated by twocolor flowcytometry. IL-10 and TNF-α levels were assayed by double-antibody sandwich ELISA. Serum immunoglobulin were also analyzed. Patient with active AIH had significantly higher peripheral blood CD4 + CD28 - T cell and TNF-α levels than normal individuals ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), while in patients with remission they were only slightly higher than normal controls. If remission was induced in patients with active AIH,peripheral blood CD4 + CD28 - T cell percentage would be significantly reduced ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) while IL-10 increased ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The percentage of peripheral blood CD4 + CD28 - T cell in patients with relapse was significantly higher than newly diagnosed patients and normal controls; Peripheral blood CD4 + CD28 -T cell percentage in patients with abnormal serum immunoglobulin ( IgA, IgG and IgM ) levels was significantly higher than those with normal levels and normal controls. We concluded that abnormal peripheral blood CD4 + CD28- T cells and cytokine in patients with AIH may be related to disease activity and clinical manifestations, which may also play a role in the pathogenesis of AIH.
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Objective To investigate the pathological changes of gastric antrum mucosa after Helicobacter pylori eradication.Methods Total 180 cases who suffered from epigastralgia and took the endoscopic examination were randomly divided into two groups,one was Hp eradication group which included 98 cases and given anti-Hp medication treatment,and the other was control group which included 82 cases and given an expectant treatment.At the end of the study,they took reexamination by gastroscope and tests on Hp by Giemsa dyeing & rapid urase detection and on gastric antrum pathological changes by HE dyeing.Results In treatment group,atrophic gastritis as well as intestinal metaplasia decreased significantly after Helicobacter pylori eradication,but in control group,no change of atrophic gastritis was found while intestinal metaplasia aggravated.Conclusion The eradication of Helicobacter pylori is able to decrease atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia.
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Objective To establish human colon carcinoma LoVo/Adr cell line with multidrug resistance (MDR) and to study its MDR mechanism. Methods MDR cell line (LoVo/Adr) was induced by stepwise selection on exposure to increasing doses of adriamycin (ADR). The MDR of LoVo/Adr was detected by MTT assay and the distribution of its cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of MDR related genes, including mdr1, MRP, GST ? and TopoⅡ was measured by RT PCR and the level of P gp was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with parental cells, the resistance line had a slower growth rate and longer doubling time. It was larger and mixed with giant cells in different sizes and the number of cells in S phase decreased while that in G1, G2 phase increased. The LoVo/Adr cell line showed 61 fold, 14 fold, 3 fold, 9 fold and 1 fold higher resistance to ADR, VCR, MMC, CTX and 5 FU respectively than its parental cell line. It was also cross resistant to VCR, MMC and CTX, but not to 5 FU. The parental LoVo cells showed no mdr1 expression and the level of mdr1 mRNA expression increased gradually according to the concentration of ADR in resistant cell lines, and the level of GST ? mRNA was only increased significantly in the induced initial stage, although the parental LoVo cells expressed a low level of GST ?. MRP mRNA expression was not detected in both parental cell line and resistant cell lines. The level of Topo ⅡmRNA remained stable. Conclusions LoVo/Adr cell line offers a model with a typical MDR phenotype for the study of MDR in human colon cancer. Its drug resistance was mediated by mdr1 and GST ?, not MRP and TopoⅡ.
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Objective: To trace the content changes of tanshinone ⅡA in the preparing process of Kangchi Capsule. Methods: Exploring the influences of the different extraction, concentration and drying on the extraction efficiency of tanshinone Ⅱ A. Results: The extraction of the percolation with 75% ethanol was better than reflux, drying at 60?C and vacuum distilation was optimum condition. Conclusions: Choosing proper extract, concentration and drying could lower the loss of tanshinone Ⅱ A in the preparing process to a certain extent.
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Objective To investigate the effects of catalase on expression of cytokines and activation of nuclear factor-?B in the intestinal mucosa in rat with ulcerative colitis(UC). Methods UC was reproduced in rats with the oral innoculation of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).The expressions of TNF-?, IL-1? and IL-8 in the intestinal mucosa of rats were respectively determined by a semi-quantatitive assay, RT-PCR. The activation of NF-?B in the intestinal mucosa were assessed with electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results Comparing the mice challenged with DSS alone and to those treated with catalase, both symptoms and the lesions in the colonic mucosa were milder in the animals pretreated with catalase during the induction of colitis than that of control group and catalase treatment after induction of colitis group. Furthermore, the expressions of TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-8 were significantly down-regulated(P