neuro-behavioural pharmacological study on the effect of insulin in normal and diabetic adult male albino mice

Effect of insulin [0.5, 1 and 2 IUkg-1] on monoamines and gamma aminobutyric acid [GABA] contents in different brain regions of normal and diabetic mice with a relationship to their behavioral activity was investigated after seven daily SC doses. Non-treated alloxan-diabetic animals showed a significant decrease in norepinephrine [NE] content in the medulla, pons and cerebellum. The dopamine [DA] content was also reduced in all tested brain regions. On the other h and, serotonin [5-HT] was significantly increased in cerebral cortex and thalamus-hypothalamus. No change in mice brain gamma GABA content was observed after alloxan-induced diabetes

Effect of certain oral hypoglycemic drugs on central monoamines contents with relation to behavioral activities in adult diabetic male albino mice

The effect of glibenclamide, glipizide and gliclazide on brain norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin contents in different brain regions of diabetic mice with correlation to behavioral activities were investigated. Alloxan-induced diabetes produced a significant decrease in norepinephrine contents in medulla, pons and cerebellum, with a decrease in dopamine contents in all tested brain regions, while serotonin contents was increased in cerebral cortex and thalamus hypothalamus. These effects were accompanied by reduction in behavioral activities of mice [sniffing, rearing, grooming, chewing, stillness, time of immobility, and pain threshold]. Sulphonylureas significantly increased brain norepinephrine and dopamine contents in different brain regions and antagonized the behavioral activities of diabetic mice. On the other h and, these drugs produced a significant decrease in serotonin contents, an action accompanied by an increase in time of immobility and pain threshold

Ocular hypotensive effect of 7 series of newly synthetised adrenoreceptor blockers: 3-[4-[3-[4-aryl-1-piperazinyl]-isopropanoloxy]phenyl]- 4[3H] quinazolones in rabbits

Screening of an ocular hypotensive effect of seven newly synthesized B-blockers was performed. Aqueous solutions of the hydrochloride salts of the drugs, given the code 3a, b, c, d, f, g were applied locally [50 ug/0.25 ml] or administered intravenously through the marginal vein [1 mg/kg] in groups of adult healthy male rabbits, each of 6 animals. Controls used were saline solutions having the same pH as that of the drugs. The intraocular pressure [IOP] was measured using weighted Schiotz tonometer at different time intervals ranging from 15-405 minutes after the drug administration, and compared with controls. The intravenous administration of all drugs tested induced hypotensive action. The onset of action appeared after 45, 60, 45, 30, 75, 15 and 75 minutes, while the duration of action lasted for 150, 310, 210, 120, 90, 60 and 105 minutes respectively. The peak of ocular hypotensive effect of these drugs were obtained after 75, 150, 105, 45, 75, 30 and 75 minutes and amounted to 24.9%, 37.4%, 40.6%, 24.5%, 24.5%, 24.6% and 20.7% respectively. On the other hand, the topical application of drugs, 3 a, b, c, d, e, g, induced an ocular hypotensive action. Its onset appeared after 75, 60, 75, 120, 90 and 75 minutes. While, their duration of action was 165, 300, 270, 135, 240 and 165 minutes respectively. Time peak of ocular hypotensive effect of these drugs were obtained after 120, 240, 180, 120, 150 and 120 minutes respectively and amounted to 42,7, 33.9, 38.6, 25, 27.9 and 21.2% respectively. Screening of these drugs point to a probable useful ocular hypotensive agents which needs further clinical studies