Reduction ascending aortoplasty in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement: Aorta diameter change, mid- and long-term clinical results / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To assess mid- and long-term outcomes and share our clinical method of reduction ascending aortoplasty (RAA) in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). Methods    We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 41 adult patients with aortic valve disease and ascending aortic dilatation before and after operation of RAA+AVR in Fuwai Hospital from January 2010 to July 2017. There were 28 male and 13 female patients aged 28-76 (53.34±12.06) years. Twenty-three patients received AVR+RAA using the sandwich technique (a sandwich technique group), while other 18 patients received AVR+ascending aorta wrap (a wrapping technique group). Ascending aorta diameter (AAD) was measured by echocardiography or CT scan preoperatively and postoperatively. Results    There was no perioperative death. The mean preoperative AAD in the sandwich technique group and the wrapping technique group (47.04±3.44 mm vs. 46.67±2.83 mm, P=0.709) was not statistically different. The mean postoperative AAD (35.87±3.81 mm vs. 35.50±5.67 mm, P=0.804), and the mean AAD at the end of follow-up (41.26±6.54 mm vs. 38.28±4.79 mm, P=0.113) were also not statistically different between the two groups. There were statistical differences in AAD before, after operation and at follow-up in each group. All 41 patients were followed up for 23-108 (57.07±28.60) months, with a median follow-up of 51.00 months. Compared with that before discharge, the AAD growth rate at the last follow-up was –1.50-6.78 mm/year, with a median growth rate of 0.70 mm/year, and only 3 patients had an annual growth rate of above 3 mm/year. Conclusion    Mid- and long-term outcomes of RAA in adult patients undergoing AVR with both methods are satisfying and encouraging.

Study on the relationship between skin cleaning status and wound infection after emergency treatment of skin wounds / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between skin cleaning status and wound infection after emergency treatment of skin wounds, so as to provide guidance for clinical work and home care of patients.Methods:Using retrospective research methods, a total of 349 patients with skin wounds admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Lishui People′s Hospital from January 2016 to February 2022 were selected for cross-sectional investigation. And the wound-infected patients were set as the wound-infected group and the non-wound-infected patients were set as the non-wound-infected group. The patients′ clinical data, skin cleaning status and wound infection status were collected to compare the differences in the basic data between the two groups and further analyze whether there was an association between skin cleaning and wound infection using binomial Logistic regression.Results:There were 134 cases of wound infection in 349 patients with skin trauma, accounting for 38.40%, including 66 cases of acute wound infection and 68 cases of chronic wound infection.The cleaning frequency of 1 time/week, 2 times/week and ≥ 3 times/week in open wound bath cleaning was 2.99%(4/134), 0.74% (1/134) and 0 in the wound-infected group, respectively, which was significantly different from 2.79%(6/215), 7.91% (17/215) and 1.86%(4/215) in the non-wound-infected group ( χ2 = 11.42, P<0.05). Multifactorial analysis revealed that trauma area ≥8 cm 2, total cortical damage, long duration of trauma, and antibiotic treatment were independent risk factors for wound infection after emergency management of skin trauma ( OR values were 1.05-2.02, all P<0.05), the protective factors for wound infection after emergency treatment of skin trauma were bath cleaning of open wound and its cleaning times 2 times/week ( OR = 0.54, 0.62, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The choice of warm water bath cleaning after emergency treatment of skin trauma does not increase the risk of wound infection. On the contrary, it helps to prevent wound infection, but it should be noted that local disinfection should be carried out in time after the completion of cleaning.

Realization of Long Bone Stitching Technology in DR Chest Radiography System / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Using a common DR chest radiography system to realize a long bone stitching technology.@*METHODS@#Introduce the role of long bone stitching technology in medical diagnosis and treatment, and the principle of long bone stitching technology to make a long bone stitching radiographic device, and combine with the chest radiography system to take the long bone stitching image experiment.@*RESULTS@#The hospitals of class Ⅱ (or more lower levels) can realize the long bone stitching technology using a common DR chest radiography system.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Using this technology can save the hospital costs, reduce the burden on patients, achieve good social and economic benefits.

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated with cytokine release syndrome: report of 1 case and review of the literature / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To explore the early identification, diagnosis and pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) complicated with cytokine release syndrome(CRS).Methods:The clinical data of childhood ALL complicated with CRS admitted to Shenzhen Children's Hospital in February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant literature was reviewed.Results:The little girl was 2 months and 11 days of age and was diagnosed with ALL with MLL rearrangement positive by bone marrow aspiration because of abdominal mass and abnormal hemogram. She had recurrent high fever with pulmonary imaging characteristic changes during the early intensive induction chemotherapy, accompanied by the elevated interlukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ. Finally, she was diagnosed with ALL complicated with CRS. Glucocorticoid therapy showed a good efficacy and her clinical symptoms improved.Conclusions:ALL complicated with CRS is essentially induced by cytarabine syndrome drugs in the chemotherapy. The main clinical manifestations include recurrent high fever accompanied by the elevated IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ. The symptomatic and supportive therapy is usually based on glucocorticoids. Early identification and diagnosis can reduce adverse drug reactions and improve the life quality of children.

Diagnostic value of automated breast volume scanning versus hand-held ultrasound for benign and malignant lesions in breast: a Meta-analysis / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To systematically assess the diagnostic value of automated breast volume scanning (ABVS) versus hand-held ultrasound (HHUS) in benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods:The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine (CBM) and other databases were searched from the beginning of database construction to January 2022. Relevant literatures were screened and included, and the characteristics of the literatures were extracted. Meta-disc 1.4 statistic software was used to analyze the pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), specificity, sensitivity, 95% CI, the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and the area under the curve of ABVS and HHUS. The heterogeneity and publication bias were also evaluated. Results:A total of 26 studies were included. Heterogeneity test showed no threshold value effect; random effect model was used to pool specificity, sensitivity and DOR.The pooled sensitivity of ABVS and HHUS was 0.86 (95% CI 0.84-0.87), 0.80 (95% CI 0.78-0.82), respectively; I2 was 89.7% and 82.3%, respectively; the pooled specificity of ABVS and HHUS was 0.91 (95% CI 0.90-0.92), 0.84 (95% CI 0.83-0.86), I2 was 89.7% and 92.2%, respectively. AUC of ABVS, HHUS, and joint diagnosis of the two was 0.954, 0.883, 0.958, respectively. No evidence of publication bias was shown in the funnel plot analysis. Conclusion:ABVS has a higher clinical value compared with HHUS in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.

Effects and molecular mechanism of histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 on regulating sepsis-induced T cell dysfunction / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) on sepsis-induced T cell dysfunction.Methods:Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups randomly: sham operated group, sepsis model group [cecum ligation and puncture (CLP)+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group] and EZH2 selective inhibitor treated group (CLP+GSK126 group), with 8 mice in each group. Sepsis murine model was reproduced by CLP. CLP+DMSO group and CLP+GSK126 group were treated with DMSO or GSK126 (10 mg/kg) respectively right after surgery through intraperitoneal injection. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours after operation, and the mesenteric lymph nodes were collected. The expression of EZH2, apoptosis rates, cell proliferation marker ki-67 antigen positive T lymphocytes (ki-67 + cell), interferon-γ positive T lymphocytes (IFN-γ + cell), programmed death receptor-1 positive T lymphocytes (PD-1 + cell) and programmed death-ligand 1 positive T lymphocytes (PD-L1 + cell) were determined by flow cytometry. Results:Compared with sham operated group, the expression of EZH2 in T lymphocytes was up-regulated on mesenteric lymph nodes of CLP+DMSO group. Compared with CLP+DMSO group, the ratio of CD3 + T lymphocytes in CLP+GSK126 group was up-regulated (0.70±0.02 vs. 0.50±0.07, P < 0.01), indicating that the EZH2 inhibitor could increase the number of T lymphocytes in lymph nodes of septic mice; the ratio of ki-67 + cells in CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes in CLP+GSK126 group was increased (CD4 +: 0.74±0.05 vs. 0.63±0.04, CD8 +: 0.82±0.06 vs. 0.70±0.04, both P < 0.05), indicating that the EZH2 inhibitor could increase the ratio of T lymphocytes with high proliferative activity in lymph nodes of septic mice. However, no significant difference was found on both CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes apoptosis rates in the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice between CLP+GSK126 group and CLP+DMSO group [CD4 +: (21.53±2.87)% vs. (20.48±3.21)%, CD8 +: (8.34±1.02)% vs. (7.71±1.38)%, both P > 0.05], indicating that no extra T lymphocytes apoptosis was induced by EZH2 inhibitor. Compared with CLP+DMSO group, the ratios of IFN-γ + CD4 + and IFN-γ + CD8 + T lymphocytes were increased in CLP+GSK126 group (IFN-γ +CD4 +: 0.31±0.11 vs. 0.14±0.06, IFN-γ +CD8 +: 0.30±0.10 vs. 0.13±0.06, both P < 0.05), suggesting that secretion of IFN-γ in lymph nodes by sepsis T lymphocytes was augmented after EZH2 inhibitor administration. Furthermore, compared with CLP+DMSO group, the ratio of PD-1 + cell in CD8 + T lymphocyte was down-regulated in CLP+GSK126 group (0.092±0.006 vs. 0.135±0.004, P < 0.01), suggesting that EZH2 inhibitor restrained the PD-1 expression on sepsis lymphoid node CD8 + T lymphocytes, however, it had no significant effect on PD-L1 + cells. Conclusion:EZH2, regulates sepsis-induced T lymphocyte dysfunction, possibly through modulating the expression of PD-1.

Risk factors and prognosis of varicella zoster virus infection following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with thalassemia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in children with thalassemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:The clinical data of 446 children with thalassemia who underwent allo-HSCT from January 2012 to December 2020 in the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children′s Hospital were retrospectively collected.The clinical features of the patients with VZV infection were analyzed.The patients were divided into different groups according to whether they had VZV infection.Categorical variables between groups were compared using the chi- square tests to investigate the risk factors that were associated with the development of VZV.Survival time was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results:VZV incidence was 4.3% (19/446 cases), and the median onset time was 5 months (1.5-11.0 months) after allo-HSCT.Of the 19 cases with VZV infection, 5 cases were complicated with VZV encephalitis.All cases were treated with antiviral agents (Acyclovir alone, or both Acyclovir and Foscarnet), intravenous immunoglobulin and external use of Acyclovir ointment.After 7-28 days of treatment (median treatment time: 14 days), all of their herpes subsided, and the neurological symptoms of patients with VZV encephalitis disappeared.One of the 19 children died.The death was not directly caused by VZV infection, but by secondary graft dysfunction and severe pneumonia 5 months after VZV infection.The incidence of VZV infection following allo-HSCT in children with thalassemia was related to the age of the donor ( P=0.010), but not to the age of the patient ( P=0.378), gender ( P=0.653), disease grade of thalassemia ( P=0.912), type of the donor ( P=0.205), source of stem cells ( P=0.624) and acute graft versus host disease ( P=0.277). VZV infection had no significant effect on the prognosis of thalassemia children after allo-HSCT ( P=0.241). Conclusions:Thalassemia children with VZV infection after allo-HSCT are prone to be complicated with VZV encephalitis.Cord blood transplantation is a high risk factor.VZV infection may not have an impact on survival of children with thalassemia after allo-HSCT.

Risk factors and prognosis of varicella zoster virus infection following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with thalassemia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in children with thalassemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:The clinical data of 446 children with thalassemia who underwent allo-HSCT from January 2012 to December 2020 in the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children′s Hospital were retrospectively collected.The clinical features of the patients with VZV infection were analyzed.The patients were divided into different groups according to whether they had VZV infection.Categorical variables between groups were compared using the chi- square tests to investigate the risk factors that were associated with the development of VZV.Survival time was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results:VZV incidence was 4.3% (19/446 cases), and the median onset time was 5 months (1.5-11.0 months) after allo-HSCT.Of the 19 cases with VZV infection, 5 cases were complicated with VZV encephalitis.All cases were treated with antiviral agents (Acyclovir alone, or both Acyclovir and Foscarnet), intravenous immunoglobulin and external use of Acyclovir ointment.After 7-28 days of treatment (median treatment time: 14 days), all of their herpes subsided, and the neurological symptoms of patients with VZV encephalitis disappeared.One of the 19 children died.The death was not directly caused by VZV infection, but by secondary graft dysfunction and severe pneumonia 5 months after VZV infection.The incidence of VZV infection following allo-HSCT in children with thalassemia was related to the age of the donor ( P=0.010), but not to the age of the patient ( P=0.378), gender ( P=0.653), disease grade of thalassemia ( P=0.912), type of the donor ( P=0.205), source of stem cells ( P=0.624) and acute graft versus host disease ( P=0.277). VZV infection had no significant effect on the prognosis of thalassemia children after allo-HSCT ( P=0.241). Conclusions:Thalassemia children with VZV infection after allo-HSCT are prone to be complicated with VZV encephalitis.Cord blood transplantation is a high risk factor.VZV infection may not have an impact on survival of children with thalassemia after allo-HSCT.

Clinical efficacy of reduction ascending aortoplasty with wedge resection in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement: A single-center retrospective study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To assess mid-term outcomes of reduction ascending aortoplasty (RAA) in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). Methods    We retrospecctively analyzed clinical data of 30 adult patients with aortic valve diseases and ascending aortic dilatation in Fuwai Hospital from 2010 to 2019. There were 20 males and 10 females with an age of 38-72 (55.73±9.95) years. All patients received AVR+RAA using the wedge resection technique. Ascending aorta diameter (AAD) was measured by echocardiography or CT scan preoperatively and postoperatively. Results    There was no perioperative death. The mean preoperative and postoperative AAD in all patients were 48.23±3.69 mm and 37.60±5.02 mm, respectively. And the mean AAD of follow-up was 40.53±4.65 mm. There was a statistical difference in AAD between preoperation and postoperation, postoperation and final follow-up, preoperation and final follow-up. The median follow-up time was 28.50 (12-114) months. The median rate of increase in AAD postoperatively was 0.76 mm per year. And the rate of increase was ≥3 mm per year in 5 patients, while ≥5 mm per year in 4 patients with indications for reoperation. Conclusion    Mid-term outcomes of RAA in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement using the wedge resection technique are satisfying and encouraging. However, some patients still need surgical re-intervention.

Preliminary study on the polymorphisms of some related genes and the methylation levels of BAX and ApoE genes in Alzheimer′s disease / 中华神经科杂志

Objective:To preliminarily explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of five candidate genes (APH1B, PRNP, HMGCR, SIRT1, ApoE) and Alzheimer′s disease (AD), and to analyze the methylation levels of BAX and ApoE promoters on the pathogenesis of AD.Methods:Seventeen cases who were admitted to the Department of Geriatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from 2014 to 2015 and diagnosed as likely to be AD by geriatrician and neurologists according to the AD diagnostic criteria in 4th Revised Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association served AD group, with an age of (75.65±5.86) years, and 34 non-AD patients with matching baseline data such as age, gender, ethnicity, and education status among patients hospitalized during the same period were selected as control group, with an age of (77.59±7.41) years. Sanger sequencing method was used for SNP typing of candidate genes. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the DNA methylation level.Results:The distribution of ApoE ε4 allele was statistically different between the AD group and the control group (χ 2=9.718, P=0.002). Candidate genes (SIRT1 rs7895833, APH1B rs1047552, PRNP rs1799990, HMGCR rs3846662) SNP locus genotypes and alleles had no statistically significant differences in the distribution between the AD group and the control group ( P>0.05). After stratification according to whether they carried ApoE ε4, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups ( P>0.05). The BAX promoter methylation level of the AD group (0.045±0.025) was lower than that of the control group (0.061±0.028) ( t=-2.078, P=0.045). After gender stratification, the BAX methylation level of the female AD group (0.044±0.021) was lower than that of the control group (0.065±0.275) ( t=-2.230, P=0.045). There was no statistically significant difference in the methylation level of ApoE promoter between the AD group and the control group ( P>0.05). After stratification according to whether they carry ApoE ε4 or not, the methylation level of AD patients with ApoE ε4 allele (1.553±0.291) was higher than that of non-carriers (1.221±0.261) ( t=2.480, P=0.025). Conclusions:ApoE ε4 allele may be a risk factor for the onset of AD. BAX promoter hypomethylation contributes to AD in the elderly in Xinjiang, especially in female. ApoE ε4 allele may cause AD through the interaction with ApoE methylation.

A study on genes related to cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the molecular genetic mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods:A case-control study was conducted to analyze statistical data from a previous epidemiological survey, which used a stratified, random cluster sampling method and covered towns and communities in eastern, southern and northern Xinjiang.A total of 8529 residents aged ≥60 years were investigated, of whom, 301 patients with a history of atrial fibrillation or a definitive diagnosis of atrial fibrillation by electrocardiogram during investigation were selected.The patients with atrial fibrillation were divided into a cognitive impairment group(55 cases)and a normal cognitive group(246 cases)according to the diagnostic criteria of cognitive dysfunction.Genotypes of a GWAS on the main atrial fibrillation-related genes were analyzed for genes associated with atrial fibrillation, aging and cognitive impairment.Results:Unconditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that mental work and non-solitary living were protective factors against cognitive impairment in the elderly with atrial fibrillation( OR=0.206, 95% CI: 0.048-0.873; OR=0.286, 95% CI: 0.089-0.922; all P<0.05). Klotho(rs571118)TT and the ApoE ε3/ε4 genotypes were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation( OR=3.922, 95% CI: 1.326-11.595; OR=6.843, 95% CI: 1.263-37.078; all P< 0.05). The interaction between Klotho(rs571118)and ApoE ε3/ε4 was not associated with cognitive impairment in the elderly with atrial fibrillation( OR=1.552, 95% CI: 0.703-3.428; OR=1.897, 95% CI: 0.967-3.723; OR=0.496, 95% CI: 0.061-4.026; all P>0.05). Conclusions:Klotho(rs571118)TT and the ApoE ε3/ε4 genotypes may promote cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.The results may serve as a basis for research on the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.

The predictive value of the expression of EZH2 on B lymphocyte subsets on the prognosis of septic patients / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the dynamic expression of histone methyltransferase (enhance of zeste homolog 2, EZH2) in peripheral blood B lymphocytes (CD19 +B) and memory B lymphocytes (CD19 +CD27 +B) of septic patients and its value in predicting prognosis in sepsis. Methods:From June 2018 to January 2020, 48 septic patients in the Intensive Care Unit of Shanghai East Hospital were enrolled, and 40 healthy adult volunteers were recruited as healthy controls. Septic patients were divided into the non-survivors (18 cases) and the survivors (30 cases) according to whether the patients survived at 28 days. Blood samples were collected at day 1, 3 and 7, blood routine, IL-6 and blood gas analysis were collected, and SOFA and APACHE Ⅱ scores were counted. Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive rate and the mean fluorescence intensity of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes, and the positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes at different time points. In the healthy controls, fasting was taken only once in the morning. ROC curve was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the value of expression of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes and CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes in predicting the prognosis of septic patients. Results:(1) Compared with the healthy controls, the positive rate and average fluorescence intensity of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes and the positive rate of EZH2 expression on CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes were significantly increased at day 1, 2 and 3 in septic patients ( P<0.05). Over time, the expression of EZH2 in CD19 +B lymphocytes and CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes increased gradually ( P<0.05). (2) Compared with the survivors, the positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes of the non-survivors was increased at day 1, but the positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +CD27 +B lymphocytes of the non-survivors was decreased at day 3 and 7 ( P<0.05). (3) The positive rate of EZH2 on CD19 +B lymphocytes, APACHE Ⅱ score, SOFA score and IL-6 level in septic patients at day 1 were independently associated with 28-day mortality. (4) The AUC of APACHEⅡ score was 0.907 (95% CI: 0.825-0.990), and the sensitivity and the specificity were 88.89% and 76.67%. The AUC of SOFA score was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.706-0.955), and the sensitivity and the specificity was 66.67% and 86.67%; The AUC of EZH2 positive rate on CD19 +B lymphocytes were 0.799 (95% CI: 0.657-0.941), and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.89% and 80.77%, respectively, the sensitivity was better than SOFA score, and the specificity was higher than APACHEⅡ score. Conclusions:The high expression of EZH2 on B lymphocytes in septic patients is associated with poor prognosis. Dynamic monitoring of EZH2 expression on B lymphocytes has certain predictive value for sepsis.

Overview of necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Cell death is an important event in the life cycle. Physical injury can cause cell death in eukaryotes. Besides, specific signaling pathway-mediated programmed cell death has attracted increasing attention. Currently, programmed cell death mainly includes apoptosis, programmed necrosis (necroptosis) and pyroptosis. Necroptosis and pyroptosis, as two new ways of programmed cell death, have been found to play a key role in the process of pathogen infection. Both necroptosis and pyroptosis have the characteristics of programmed lytic cell death, but the signaling pathways involved in them have significant differences. This review focused on the morphological characteristics, signal transduction pathways and the role played in the process of pathogen infection of necroptosis and pyroptosis.

Purification and bacteriostatic identification of CpxP protein from Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum / 生物工程学报

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum is one of the world's top ten plant pathogens, mainly infecting cruciferous economic crops and ornamental flowers. In this study, an antibacterial gene cpxP (Gene ID: 29704421) was cloned from the genome of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, and constructed on the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET-15b, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), then stability and bacteriostatic experiments of the purified CpxP protein were performed. The final concentration of IPTG was 1 mmol/L, obtaining high-efficiency exogenous expression of the CpxP protein. There was no other protein after purification, and the destined protein exhibited good thermal stability and pH stability. The antibacterial test results showed that the inhibition rate of the CpxP protein on carrot slice was 44.89% while the inhibition rate on potato slice was 59.41%. To further explain its antibacterial mechanism, studying the spatial structure of this protein can provide new ideas for the control of soft rot and new protein pesticide targets.

Effects of histone methyltransferase inhibitor on the polarization of peritoneal macrophages in septic mice / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective? To?investigate?the?effect?of?histone?methyltransferase?(EZH2)?inhibitor?on?the?polarization??of?peritoneal?macrophages?in?septic?mice.? Methods? Thirty-six?healthy?male?C57BL/6J?mice?were?divided?into?three?groups?by?random?number?table?method?(n?=?12):?sham?operated?group?(Sham?group),?sepsis?model?group?(CLP?group)??and?EZH2?inhibitor?treatment?group?(CLP+3-DZNeP?group).?Sepsis?animal?model?was?established?by?cecum?ligation?and?puncture?(CLP);?Sham?group?was?challenged?only?by?cecum?traction?without?ligation.?3-Deazaneplanocin?A?(3-DZNeP)?1?mg/kg?was?intraperitoneal?injected?24?hours?before?and?1?hour?after?CLP?in?CLP+3-DZNeP?group.?Eight?mice?in?each?group?were?sacrificed?at?24?hours?after?surgery.?The?levels?of?proinflammatory?cytokines?interleukin-6??(IL-6)?and?tumor?necrosis?factor-α(TNF-α)?in?peritoneal?lavatory?fluid?were?detected?by?high?throughput?liquid?protein?chip.?The?expression?levels?of?inducible?nitrogenase?(iNOS)?and?macrophage?mannose?receptor?(CD206)?were?analyzed?by?flow?cytometry.?Mouse?peritoneal?macrophages?were?isolated?and?purified?by?adherent?method,?the?protein?expressions?of?EZH2,?peroxisome?proliferator-activated?receptorγ(PPARγ)?were?detected?by?Western?Blot.?The?remaining?4?mice?? were?sacrificed?at?48?hours?after?surgery,?the?histopathological?changes?of?lung?and?kidney?tissue?were?evaluated?by?hematoxylin-eosin?(HE)?staining.? Results? Compared?with?Sham?group,?the?infiltration?of?inflammatory?cells?in?lung?and?kidney?of?the?CLP?group,?the?levels?of?IL-6?and?TNF-α?in?peritoneal?lavatory?fluid?were?significant?increased??[IL-6?(ng/L):?7?794.75±405.56?vs.?78.63±74.09,?TNF-α(ng/L):?147.25±25.19?vs.?18.20±5.03,?both?P?<?0.01],?the?percentage?of?M1?type?macrophages?was?significantly?increased?[iNOS+?F4/80+:?(13.18±8.80)%?vs.?(1.57±0.77)%,?P?<?0.05],?and?the?protein?expression?of?EZH2?was?significantly?increased?(EZH2/GAPDH:?0.84±0.11?vs.?0.11±0.03,?P?<?0.01),?while?the?protein?expression?of?PPARγ?was?significantly?decreased?(PPARγ/GAPDH:?0.09±0.01?vs.?0.27±0.09,?P?<?0.01).?Compared?with?CLP?group,?the?histopathological?changes?of?lung?and?kidney?in?CLP+3-DZNeP?group?were?significantly?alleviated,?the?levels?of?IL-6?and?TNF-α?in?peritoneal?lavatory?fluid?were?significantly?decreased?[IL-6?(ng/L):?4?207.10±876.60?vs.?7?794.75±405.56,?TNF-α(ng/L):?63.00±25.37?vs.?147.25±25.19,?both?P <?0.01?],?the?percentage?of?M1?type?macrophages?was?significantly?decreased?[iNOS+?F4/80+:?(3.64±0.89)%?vs.?(13.18±8.80)%,??P?<?0.05],?while?the?percentage?of?M2?type?macrophages?was?significantly?increased?[CD206+?F4/80+:?(17.68±5.63)%?vs.?(7.60±3.17)%,?P?<?0.01],?the?protein?expression?of?EZH2?was?significantly?decreased?(EZH2/GAPDH:?0.53±0.09?vs.?0.84±0.11,?P?<?0.05),?and?the?protein?expression?of?PPARγ?was?significantly?increased?(PPARγ/GAPDH:?0.39±0.14?vs.?0.09±0.01,?P?<?0.05).? Conclusions? Sepsis?induces?high?expression?of?EZH2?in?peritoneal?macrophages,?and?may?induce?polarization?of?M1?type?macrophages?by?inhibiting?the?expression?of?PPARγ?protein.?EZH2?inhibitor?3-DZNeP?can?lessen?the?inflammatory?cytokines?release?by?inhibiting?the?M1?type?macrophages?polarization.

Influences of hypoxia inducible factor-1α on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in mice with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the changes in the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and inflammatory cytokines and to investigate the role of HIF-1α in regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines during influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.@*Methods@#BALB/c mice were injected with H1N1 virus to establish the mouse model of H1N1 virus infection. Fifteen BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group, H1N1 virus group and H1N1 virus+ HIF-1α inhibitor group. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10) in samples of serum and lung tissues were detected by Luminex and ELISA. Levels of HIF-1α in serum and lung tissue samples were detected by Western blot and ELISA, respectively.@*Results@#Compared with the control group, the levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10) and lung tissues (IL-6 and TNF-α) and the expression of HIF-1α in serum and lung tissues in the H1N1 virus group were significantly increased. The levels of HIF-1α, IL-6, TNF-α IL-1β and IL-10 in lung tissues in H1N1 virus+ HIF-1α inhibitor group were significantly lower than those of the H1N1 virus group.@*Conclusion@#During H1N1 virus infection, the levels of inflammatory cytokines and HIF-1α were significantly increased. The production of inflammatory cytokines was significantly reduced after inhibiting HIF-1α expression, suggesting that HIF-1α might promote the production of inflammatory cytokines.

Research progress of LncRNA in prognosis and treatment of heart failure / 中国比较医学杂志

Long non-coding RNA(LncRNA)has attracted increasing attention over the recent years. It is closely related to the occurrence and development of human diseases based on numerous academic researches. Analysis of the biological function of LncRNA in depth may lead to great breakthroughs in clarifying pathogenesis of many diseases and provide possible targets for intervention. Recent studies have revealed the importance of LncRNA in the progression of heart failure(HF), the final stage of many cardiovascular diseases. This review summarized the new findings of LncRNA in prognosis and treatment of HF.

Roles of macrophage-mediated epithelial mesenchymal transdifferentiation in fibrotic diseases / 中华危重病急救医学

It is reported that fibrotic changes seemed to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with organ dysfunction, unfortunately no effective treatment existed currently. Recent studies have demonstrated that macrophages can interact with epithelial cells to induce epithelial mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) which is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of a variety of fibrotic diseases. Therefore, this review will summarize the potential role of macrophages in the molecular mechanisms of EMT-associated fibrosis. We aimed to provide a possible therapeutic approaches for the fibrotic diseases.

Host-cell death pathways in L929 cells induced by Chlamydia muridarum infection / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To identify the host-cell death pathways (apoptosis, autophagy or necrosis) in L929 cells at the time point of 48 hours post infection (h.p.i.) with Chlamydia muridarum.Methods L929 cells were infected with Chlamydia muridarum at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.85 for 48 hours.Nuclear fragmentation was observed under fluorescence microscopy following staining L929 cells with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole).L929 cells were stained with propidium iodide (PI) plus Annexin Ⅴ and then analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to clarify whether apoptosis or necrosis occurred after Chlamydia muridarum infection.L929 cells were transiently transfected with GFP-LC3 and observed under fluorescent microscopy to analyze cell autophagy.Western blot assay was performed to detect LC3 protein for further analysis of autophagy.Results Apoptosis was not induced in L929 cells by Chlamydia muridarum infection at 48 h.p.i.as no significant nuclear fragmentation was observed.Results of FACS showed that most cells died due to necrosis.Moreover, fluorescent dots of GFP-LC3 formed after infecting transfected L929 cells with Chlamydia muridarum.An increased ratio of LC3Ⅰ to LC3Ⅱ in the L929 cells infected with Chlamydia muridarum was detected by Western blot assay, indicating that autophagy occurred during Chlamydia muridarum infection.Conclusion Necrosis and autophagy rather than apoptosis are induced in L929 cells 48 hours after infection with Chlamydia muridarum.

Effects of safflower yellow pigment on plasma D-D and β-HCG levels in patients with conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of safflower yellow pigment on plasma D-dimer (D-D) and β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) in ectopic pregnancy patients.Methods 96 patients with conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy from April 2014 to April 2016 in our hospital were divided into control group and experimental group according to the method of drawing lots.The control group was treated with routine therapy, the experimental group was treated with safflower yellow pigment based on the control group.Pelvic mass disappearance time, D-D, β-HCG, vascular endothelial growth factor, carbohydrate antigen 125 and safety of the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of the experimental group(97.91%) was higher than that of the control group(83.33%),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) .The time of disappearance of pelvic mass in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05); the levels of VEGF and CA125 in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05 ) .There was no difference in safety between the two groups. Conclusion Conventional therapy plus safflower yellow pigment can promote the absorption of pelvic mass and reduce the levels of plasma D-D and β-HCG in the conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy.