Case-control study on effect of rivaroxaban on the risk of hidden bleeding after total hip arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk of hidden blood loss about applying rivaroxaban after total hip arthroplasty.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 2009 to May 2012,88 patients with femoral head necrosis were treated with primary total hip arthroplasty. All the patients were divided into Rivaroxaban group(44 cases)and control group(44 cases). There were 25 males and 19 females in the Rivaroxaban group, with an average age of (58.48 +/- 15.19) years old; in the control group,24 patients were male and 20 patients were female, with an average age of (61.11 +/- 13.54) years old. The patients in the Rivaroxaban group took Rivaroxaban orally from the first day after operation with a dose of 10 mg each day, and treatment course was 14 days. The patients in the control group took placebo orally at the same time. Dominant blood loss and transfusion were recorded, blood routine examinations were taken before operation and at 3 days after operation. The total blood loss and hidden blood loss were calculated according to the formula.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean total blood loss was (1509.56 +/- 325.23) ml and the hidden blood loss was(581.47 +/- 215.01) ml, accounting for (37.88 +/- 10.42)% in the Rivaroxaban group. The mean total blood loss was (1262.30 +/- 397.95) ml and the hidden blood loss was (395.59 +/- 97.33) ml, accounting for (30.62 +/- 0.20)% in the control group. The total blood loss, hidden blood loss and transfusion in the Rivaroxaban group was significantly more than those in control group,b ut there was no significant difference on dominant blood loss between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rivaroxaban increased the overall bleeding risk of total hip arthroplasty, especially hidden bleeding risk, which should be careful used.</p>

Application of membrane protein-based two-dimensional electrophoresis in chondrocyte- related investigations / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of membrane protein-based two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) in the investigations of chondrocyte-related diseases and its complementarity with total protein-based 2-DE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Knee cartilage samples were obtained to isolate the chondrocytes with type II collagenase/hyaluronidase digestion. The membrane proteins and total proteins were extracted and loaded separately onto PH3.0-10.0 non-linear gel strip for 2-DE analysis. The qualities of membrane protein-based 2-DE gels were evaluated, and the difference between the distribution profiles of the membrane protein spots and that of the total protein were observed and their complementarities were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Membrane protein-based 2-DE generated high-quality gel images, and on each gel 412.3±13.5 protein spots were identified. These spots were distributed in the region of isoelectric point pH 5.0-9.0. In the gel images generated by the total proteins, 564.3±5.9 protein spots were identified in each image, and the spots were distributed in the region of isoelectric point pH 3.0-7.0.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Membrane protein-based 2-DE of the chondrocytes can generate high-quality gel images, and the isoelectric distribution of the protein spots is complementary to that of total protein, which provides valuable information for chondrocyte-related diseases.</p>

MTT assay for detecting osteosarcoma cell apoptosis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the feasibility of using MTT assay for detecting the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells following chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The osteosarcoma cells derived form surgical specimens were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% calf serum. Chemotherapeutic agents were administered in the cell culture, and MTT assay was used to observe the cell apoptosis under optical microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTT staining accurately identified apoptosis of the osteosarcoma cells, and the apoptotic cells were easily distinguished from normal cells and dead cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MTT staining is convenient and practical for detecting osteosarcoma cell apoptosis.</p>

A rapid colorimetric assay for viability of osteosarcoma cells after chemotherapy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce a rapid colorimetric method for assessing the viability of osteosarcoma cells after chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Colorimetric assay and automatic microplate scanning spectrophotometer were used for assaying the viability of osteosarcoma cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Close correlation was found between the absorbance at 570 nm of the formazan products and the number of viable osteosarcoma cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An effective, sensitive and convenient colorimetric assay has been established to assess the survival of osteosarcoma cells following chemotherapy.</p>

The results of cementless Zweymüller hip system: 5 to 11 years follow-up study / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the intermediate-term results associated with the use of Zweymtiller hip system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Review the 116 cases (142 hips) who were treated with total hip replacement from 1996 to 2002 by a single surgeon using cementless Zweymüller hip systems.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sixty-one cases (77 hips) were followed up, 50 cases (64 hips) were evaluated both clinically and radiographically while 5 cases (6 hips) and 6 cases (7 hips) were only evaluated clinically and radiographically respectively. The average follow-up period was 7.3 years (range 5 to 11 years). The mean preoperative Harris Hip Score was 46 while the mean postoperative Harris Hip Score was 93. Distal cortical hypertrophy and medullary sclerosis were observed in 30 hips (42.3%) and 33 hips (46.5%) respectively. Heterotopic ossification arose in 45 hips (63.4%). Radiolucent lines occurred in 27 stems (38.0%) but in no cups. Radiolucent lines were mostly observed in Gruen zones 1. Osteolysis occurred in 7 cups (9.9%) and 18 stems (25.4%). Osteolysis was mostly observed in Delee Zone 3 and Gruen zone 7. In the distal Gruen zones 3, 4 and 5, no radiolucent line or osteolysis was observed. No hips had been revised, 3 cups needed revision surgery because of aseptic loosening.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 5-11 years follow-up results are satisfactory, but osteolysis is common.</p>

Comparison of two different methods for establishing nude mouse model bearing osteosarcoma / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare two different methods, namely orthotopic implantation and armpit implantation, for establishing nude mouse model bearing osteosarcoma in light of the tumor formation rate and time, tumor growth changes and lung metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Osteosarcoma cells were inoculated in the left armpit or the femoral medullary canal of nude mice, and the tumor growth was observed 6 weeks later. The differences in the pulmonary metastasis were examined macroscopically and microscopically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Armpit implantation allowed easy operation and fast tumor growth, but tumors often sustained damages by frictions on the surface (P<0.05), and avascular necrosis occurred earlier in the tumors (P<0.05). With this approach, the pulmonary metastasis rate was only 40% (P<0.05), and the metastases in the lungs were sparser (P<0.05) and small. Orthotopic transplantation could well simulate the original growth environment of osteosarcoma, and resulted in milder avascular necrosis and greater pulmonary metastasis rate (100%) with larger and denser metastatic foci. But orthotopic transplantation required more complicated operation for establishing osteosarcoma-bearing models.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The two methods both result in high tumor growth rate, but orthotopic transplantation is superior in inducing pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma and reducing friction injury of the tumor and avascular necrosis in the tumor.</p>