Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Calotropis gigantea (AKANDA) in various biological system.

To evaluate the effect of Calotropis G in various experimental animal models. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenin-induced kaolin -induced rat paw oedema for acute and cotton-pellet granuloma, adjuvant-induced arthritis model for chronic inflammation. Antipyretic activity was carried out using yeast induced pyresis method. Phenylquinone--induced writhing method in mice was used for analgesic activity. Test compounds exhibited variable anti-inflammatory activity and peak activity of the test compounds were reached at 2 h. Alkaloid fraction possesses comparatively high initial anti-inflammatory activity. The residual anti-inflammatory activity of alkaloid fraction of Calotropis G suggest either a greater protein binding nature of the compound there by providing a slow released pool of active drug molecule in the system or non available of possible bioactive metabolites to retain the activity profile relation.

Comparative study on the effects of a steroidal and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs on blood picture and biochemical factors of sheep

In this study, 10 sheep from Shiraz Veterinary School Animal Husbandary Unit were used. Animal's body weight ranged from 40 to 63 Kgs and their age was from 2-4 years old. Before the start of experiment, three blood samples were taken from the jugular vein. These animals were divided into two groups of 5 animals each. Group I was control and group II as experimental one. In experimental group non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug [phenylbutazone] was injected intramusculary for 5 days [4.4 mg/kg]. Blood samples were collected every day for 12 days and blood parameters were determined. Following 2 months rest, the same experiment was repeated with a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug [isoflupredone acetate]. The drug was given [0.1 mg/kg] intramuscularly [IM]. All samples were analysed and the results were compared statistically. In phenylbutazone group WBC increased 12.5%, Hb 1.4%, MCHC 0.4% and cholesterol 10.5%, significantly [p<0.05]. In contrast, BUN decreased 1.3%, calcium 1.6%, inorganic phosphate 7.1%, sodium 2% and potassium 22.7%, significantly [p<0.05]. In isoflupredone acetate group W.B.C. increased 19.6%, neutrophil 17.9%, cholesterol 45.6%, calcium 45.8%, inorganic phosphate 11.9% and sodium 0.6%, significantly [p<0.05]. In contrast, monocytes decreased 34.3%, eosinophils 68.2%, lymphocytes 14.3%, total protein 4%, BUN 22.9% and potassium 6.6%, significantly [p<0.05]

Studies on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and related biological activities of 5-(indan-1'-yl)tetrazoles and their intermediates.

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic activities of three new 5-(Indan-1'-yl)tetrazoles and anti-inflammatory activity of corresponding carboxamides were compared to those of standard drugs, phenylbutazone and aspirin. The results indicated 5-(Indan-1'-yl)tetrazole as the most promising compound in chronic anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic tests.

Acción antifúngica de las asociaciones de sulfametoxazol o ketoconazol con etosuccimida, fenilbutazona, ibuprofeno, gentamicina, metamizol, yoduro de potasio y otros fármacos / Antifungal action of the association among sulphametoxazole or ketoconazole and ethosuccimide, phenylbutazone, ibuprofen, gentamycin, metamizol, potassium iodide and other drugs

Se obtuvo la inhibición total del desarrollo fúngico in vitro durante 48 o más horas, al agregar al medio de cultivo los fármacos siguientes: para Acremonium potronii y A. falciforme 50 ug/ml de sulfametoxazol; para Fusarium solanii sulfametoxazol 100 ug/ml más fenilbutazona 30 ug/ml más etosuccimida 100 ug/ml o sulfametoxazol 100 ug/ml mas ibuprofeno 30 ug/ml más etosuccimida 100 ug/ml; para Candida albicans y Aspergillus niger ketoconazol 0.5 ug/ml más gentamicina 3-10 ug/ml; para A. fumigatus sulfametoxazol 100 ug/ml más yoduro de potasio 100 ug/ml más metamizol 100 ug/ml o sulfametoxazol 80-100 ug/ml más fenilbutazona 20-30 ug/ml más etosuccimida 100 ug/ml; o sulfametoxazol 80 ug/ml más clorpromacina 10 ug/ml

Late inflammatory swelling by carrageenan in rat's subcutaneous neck tissue.

When injected subcutaneously in the dorsum of neck in albino rats, carrageenan produced inflammatory swelling which reached peak after about 16 hr. The occurrence of the peak inflammatory swelling was delayed but not significantly reduced in severity by aspirin or indomethacin which were administered repeatedly. Phenylbutazone significantly reduced and dexamethasone almost completely inhibited it. In rat hind paw model, subplantar carrageenan injection produced peak inflammatory swelling after about 4 hr which was significantly reduced by all anti-inflammatory drugs mentioned above. It is interesting that an inflammagen when injected at different sites in the same species elicits responses which differ in the time course and drug responses.

Efeito de antiinflamatórios sobre o conteúdo histamínico pulmonar de ratos submetidos ao edema pulmonar agudo adrenalínico / Effect of antiinflamatory drugs on histamine pulmonary contents of rats submitted to acute adrenaline pulmonary edema

O conteúdo histamínico pulmonar de ratos submetidos ao edema pulmonar agudo adrenalínico näo foi afetado pelos antiinflamatórios tremaril e ácido acetilsalicílico. Porém, os animais previamente tratados com indometacina, na dose única de 50 mg/kg, assim como nas três doses de 25 mg/kg, apresentaram uma variaçäo estatisticamente significativa do conteúdo histamínico pulmonar. O mesmo fato foi observado com os animais pré-tratados com fenazona (10, 40 e 80 mg/kg). Os animais pré-tratados com fenilbutazona, nas doses de 10 e 80 mg/kg e aqueles com oxifenilbutazona (20 mg/kg) apresentaram uma variaçäo estatisticamente significativa do conteúdo histamínico pulmonar

Tecido de granulaçäo de ratos em condiçöes normais e sob açäo de drogas inflamatórias: estudo histológico e histofotométrico / Granulation tissue of rats in normal condictions and under the action of inflammatory drugs: histological and histophotometric study

O presente trabalho teve como uma de suas finalidades, acompanhar a síntese de colágeno e glicosaminoglicans (mucopolissacarídeos ácidos) no tecido de granulaçäo, induzido artificialmente em ratos, desde uma fase precoce até sua maturaçäo. Por outro lado, objetivou-se estudar os efeitos de drogas antiinflamatórias, com princípios ativos diferentes, na evoluçäo deste mesmo tecido, comparando-a com aquela observada em animais sob condiçöes normais. Os resultados obtidos, de acordo com as doses empregadas, demonstraram que a dexametasona 21-fosfato é uma potente inibidora da síntese de mucopolissacarídeos ácidos e de colágeno, o mesmo acontecendo com a fenilbutazona, esta, porém, inibindo tal síntese em menor grau. Paralelamente, a tripsina pareceu interferir na proliferaçäo do tecido de granulaçäo de uma maneira positiva, quantitativa como qualitativamente. A partir desses resultados, pode-se concluir que o corticosteróide sintético (dexametasona 21-fosfato), assim como a fenilbutazona, nas doses administradas, constituem-se em grandes recursos terapêuticos quando houver necessidade de uma inibiçäo da proliferaçäo do tecido de granulaçäo. Ao contrário, o antiinflamatório de origem enzimática (tripsina) estaria indicado em processos inflamatórios nos quais uma síntese mais rápida e organizada do tecido de granulaçäo for de primordial importância

Estudo sobre os efeitos de antiinflamatório näo esteróide sobre a carcinogênese química na pele de camundongos BALB/C / Effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent on the chemical carcinogenesis in mice Balb/C skin

O efeito da administraçäo intraperitoneal da Fenilbutazona, após uma única aplicaçäo de cancerígeno completo MCA, foi marcante no processo de quiescência da epiderme

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of four amino-acids.

Orally administered L-isoleucine, DL-isoleucine and L-leucine exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in many test models of inflammation except formaldehyde-induced inflammation. L-beta-phenylalanine inhibited carrageenan-induced oedema only. L-isoleucine also exhibited prolonged analgesic effect while DL-isoleucine had a short lasting effect. The amino-acids produced no gastric ulceration or overt acute toxicity in doses which effectively suppress inflammation. Anti-inflammatory activity seems to be related with interference with the action and/or synthesis of prostaglandins and deserves further intensive study.

Uterotropic effect of clofibrate and phenylbutazone in immature female rats.

The uterotropic effect of clofibrate and phenylbutazone was studied in immature female rats. A significant increase in the uterine wet weight was observed following clofibrate and phenylbutazone administration. Clofibrate but not phenylbutazone synergized with the uterotropic effect of ethinyl-oestradiol. Phenylbutazone pretreatment significantly decreased the pentobarbitone sleeping time. The uterotropic effect of clofibrate and phenylbutazone might involve displacement of 17-beta oestradiol (or ethinyl oestradiol) from plasma albumin binding sites in rats.