Análise parasitológica de amostras de salsa (Petroselinum crispum) coletadas em supermercados e feiras livres de Ilhéus e Itabuna - Bahia / Parasitological analysis of parsley samples (Petroselinum crispum) collected on supermarkets and free fairs in Ilhéus and Itabuna - Bahia

A salsa (Petroselinum crispum) que também conhecida como salsa ou salsinha é uma herbácea bastante utilizada in natura, fato que aumenta o risco de infecção por parasitoses intestinais, devido ao grande índice de contaminação destes alimentos, desde o cultivo, manipulação, transporte, estocagem e utilização. Como objetivo, avaliou-se a contaminação de amostras dessa hortaliça por parasitas intestinais, realizando comparação entre as procedências de Ilhéus e Itabuna (Bahia). Foram coletadas quatro amostras em feiras livres e quatro em supermercados de cada cidade no mês de novembro de 2018. Após sua aquisição, a salsa foi acondicionada individualmente em sacos plásticos limpos e devidamente identificados com data e procedência e foi preparada para realizar a técnica de sedimentação espontânea. Foram analisadas quatro lâminas, as quais eram coradas com lugol, em microscópio ótico nos aumentos de 10x e 40x. Das 16 amostras, 31,25% apresentaram resultado negativo, 18,75% foram positivas para Ancylostoma sp., 25% para Ascaridia sp., 18,75% para Strongyloides sp. e 6,25% para Toxocara sp.. Das oito amostras provenientes da cidade de Itabuna-BA, 50% foram positivas para alguma estrutura parasitária, já na cidade de Ilhéus-BA 87,5% das amostras foram positivas para alguma estrutura parasitária. Os resultados ressaltam a importância da Vigilância Sanitária ser mais atuante e punitiva nos estabelecimentos que não mantém uma sanidade alimentar garantindo segurança aos consumidores, além de medidas educativas e higienização eficiente.

Thermoinhibition in parsley seeds / Termoinibição em sementes de salsa

Temperature can exert great influence on germination, being considered optimal the temperature in which seed expresses its maximum germination potential in the shortest period of time. The germination of parsley seeds is slow, irregular and uneven. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is occurrence of thermodormancy or thermoinhibition of parsley seeds as a function of temperature variations. The experimental design of the first stage was completely randomized (CRD) consisting of 7 temperatures and 4 replicates and the second stage in a 3x3 factorial scheme consisting of 3 parsley cultivars and 3 germination temperatures with 4 replicates. Seeds of the different cultivars did not germinate at temperature of 35°C. Parsley seeds showed thermoinhibition at high temperatures, being necessary to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this process.

A temperatura pode exercer grande influência na germinação, sendo considerada ótima aquela em que a semente expressa seu potencial máximo de germinação no menor período de tempo. A germinação das sementes de salsa é lenta, irregular e desuniforme. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar se há ocorrência de termodormência ou de termoinibição em sementes de salsa em função da variação da temperatura. O delineamento experimental da primeira etapa foi inteiramente casualizado (DIC), constituído por 7 temperaturas, com 4 repetições e a segunda etapa em esquema fatorial 3x3, constituído por 3 cultivares de salsa e 3 temperaturas para germinação com 4 repetições. As sementes das cultivares estudadas não germinaram em temperaturas de 35°C. Sementes de salsa apresentam termoinibição em temperaturas elevadas, sendo necessário elucidar os mecanismos que estão envolvidos nesse processo.

Role of Apigenin in Cancer Prevention via the Induction of Apoptosis and Autophagy

Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid commonly found in many fruits and vegetables such as parsley, chamomile, celery, and kumquats. In the last few decades, recognition of apigenin as a cancer chemopreventive agent has increased. Significant progress has been made in studying the chemopreventive aspects of apigenin both in vitro and in vivo. Several studies have demonstrated that the anticarcinogenic properties of apigenin occur through regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress and DNA damage, suppression of inflammation and angiogenesis, retardation of cell proliferation, and induction of autophagy and apoptosis. One of the most well-recognized mechanisms of apigenin is the capability to promote cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis through the p53-related pathway. A further role of apigenin in chemoprevention is the induction of autophagy in several human cancer cell lines. In this review, we discuss the details of apigenin, apoptosis, autophagy, and the role of apigenin in cancer chemoprevention via the induction of apoptosis and autophagy.

Floral induction, production and seed quality of parsley cultivars as influenced by plants vernalization periods / Indução floral, produção e qualidade de sementes de cultivares de salsa em função de períodos de vernalização das plantas

In the production of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) seeds is recommended the cultivation in locations of low temperatures to permit the emission of floral stalk. The study aimed to verify the effect of vernalization on floral induction, production and quality of parsley seeds. Ten plants of three cultivars (Caipira, Chacareira and Lisa Grande Portuguesa (O. Enke)) grown in pots for six months were submitted to vernalization at 5 °C for 0, 15, 30 and 45 days. After treatment, the plants were transferred to greenhouse and evaluated for period and flowering percentage, seed yield per plant and seed quality. The seed quality was evaluated by weight of a thousand seeds, germination (percentages of normal and abnormal seedlings, dormant and dead seeds), first count of germination, accelerated aging, dormancy after accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the field and seed water content before and after accelerated aging. It was concluded that the vernalization does not promotes floral induction and production of parsley seeds. For Lisa Grande Portuguesa (O. Enke) cultivar, the vernalization of the plant for 30 days enables the production of seed with high germination and vigor. Parsley seeds dormancy can be caused by plants vernalization periods between 30 and 45 days depending on the cultivar, followed by the exposure of the seeds to the conditions of high temperature and relative humidity of the air (41 °C/100%, UR/72 h).

Na produção de sementes de salsa (Petroselinum crispum) recomenda-se o cultivo em locais de baixas temperaturas para possibilitar a emissão do pendão floral. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o efeito da vernalização (0, 15, 30 e 45 dias) na indução floral, produção e qualidade de sementes de salsa. Dez plantas de três cultivares (Caipira, Chacareira e Lisa Grande Portuguesa (O. Enke)) cultivadas em vasos por seis meses, foram submetidas à vernalização a 5 °C por 0, 15, 30 e 45 dias. Após o tratamento, foram transferidas para casa-de-vegetação e avaliadas quanto à época e porcentagem de florescimento, produção de sementes por planta e qualidade das sementes. A qualidade foi avaliada por meio da determinação da massa de mil sementes, teste de germinação (porcentagens de plântulas normais, anormais, sementes dormentes e mortas), primeira contagem de germinação, teste do envelhecimento acelerado, dormência após o envelhecimento acelerado, emergência de plântulas em campo, teor de água das sementes antes e após o envelhecimento acelerado. Concluiu-se que a vernalização não promoveu a indução floral e a produção de sementes. Para a cultivar Lisa Grande Portuguesa (O. Enke), a vernalização da planta por 30 dias possibilitou a produção de sementes com maior germinação e vigor. A dormência das sementes pode ser causada pela vernalização das plantas por períodos entre 30 e 45 dias, dependendo da cultivar, seguida de exposição das sementes produzidas a condições de altas temperaturas e umidade relativa (41 °C/100%UR/72h).

Evaluation of the antibacterial potential of Petroselinum crispum and Rosmarinus officinalis against bacteria that cause urinary tract infections

In this study we evaluated the antibacterial activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extracts, fractions, and compounds of two plant species, namely Rosmarinus officinalis and Petroselinum crispum, against the bacteria that cause urinary tract infection. The microdilution method was used for determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The crude hydroalcoholic extract of R. officinalis displayed in vitro activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with satisfactory MBC for the clinical isolate S. saprophyticus. The fractions and the pure compound rosmarinic acid did not furnish promising results for Gram-negative bacteria, whereas fractions 2, 3, and 4 gave encouraging results for Gram-positive bacteria and acted as bactericide against S. epidermidis as well as E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and its clinical isolate. R. officinalis led to promising results in the case of Gram-positive bacteria, resulting in a considerable interest in the development of reliable alternatives for the treatment of urinary infections.

Histological study on the possible protective role of parsley oil on prednisolone-induced liver and lung injury in adult male albino rats

Corticosteroids have been used extensively since cortisone was first synthesized in the 1950s, but it leads to the development of numerous side effects. Parsley is one of the most effective medicinal herbs. It has antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. The present study was designed to evaluate the toxic effect of the chronic use of prednisolone on the histological structure of the liver and lung and the protective effect of parsley oil against the changes induced by prednisolone. Twenty-five adult male albino rats were used. They were divided into three groups: group I was the control group; group II received 2 mg/kg/day prednisolone once daily for 1 month; and group III received parsley oil 0.6 ml/kg/day once daily followed by prednisolone after 2 h for 1 month. The liver and the lung were dissected out and processed for light and electron microscopic examination. In addition, a statistical study was carried out for determining the thickness of the interalveolar septum. In group II, some hepatocytes showed vacuolations and fatty changes and other hepatocytes revealed apoptotic changes. Lung tissue revealed sloughing of the bronchiolar epithelium. Hemorrhage and cellular infiltration were seen in airway spaces. Moreover, there was highly significant thickening of the interalveolar septa. Apparent increase in atypical type II pneumocytes with hyperchromatic nuclei was seen. Electron microscopy revealed vacuolated hyperchromatic type II pneumocytes. In group III, liver cells were normal except for some vacuolations in the cytoplasm. The lung continued to reveal significant increase in thickness of the interalveolar septa. Some type II pneumocytes showed hyperchromatic features. Electron microscopy revealed type II pneumocytes with a few lamellar bodies. Compared with the liver, the dose of parsley and its duration of treatment with respect to the lung should be markedly higher to have a significant effect, as the destructive effect of prednisolone on the lung is greater than that on the liver

Produção hidropônica de coentro e salsa crespa sob concentrações de solução nutritiva e posições das plantas nos perfis hidropônicos / Hydroponic production of coriander and curly parsley under concentrations of nutrient solution and plant positions in hydroponic profiles

O crescimento das plantas e a qualidade do produto final estão diretamente relacionados à solução nutritiva. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho do coentro e da salsa, sob concentrações de solução nutritiva e posições das plantas nos canais de cultivo, em sistema de cultivo hidropônico NFT. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, sendo dispostas nas parcelas as concentrações da solução nutritiva (50; 75; 100 e 125%) e nas subparcelas as posições das plantas nos perfis hidropônicos (Inicial, Intermediária e Final), totalizando 12 tratamentos e três repetições. Plantas de salsa crespa e coentro apresentaram melhores rendimentos (produção de massa fresca, número de folhas e altura) sob cultivo com 100% da concentração da solução utilizada. Em análise, as posições inicial e intermediária dos perfis hidropônicos refletiram maiores rendimentos nas duas espécies estudadas. Em ambas culturas, o aumento da concentração para 125% é mais prejudicial ao desenvolvimento que a redução para 75%.

Plant growth and final fruit quality, in hydroponics, are directly related to the nutrient solution. This study evaluated the performance of cilantro and parsley, under different nutrient solution concentrations and plant position in the growth profiles, in NFT hydroponics growth system. The experimental design was completely randomized, in split plots, with plots in the nutrient solution concentration (50, 75, 100 or 125%) and the sub plots the plant position in the hydroponics profiles (Initial, Intermediate or Final), in a total of 12treatments and three repetitions. Curly parsley and cilantro presented best yields (production of fresh matter, number of leaves and height) under growth in 100% concentration of the utilized solution. The analysis showed that the initial and intermediate positions in the hydroponics profiles resulted in greater yield for both species studied. Increasing nutrient concentration to 125%, for both cultures, was more harmful for plant development than reducing it to 75%.

possible role of Petroselinum Sativum extract against oxidative stress in CCL[4]-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats

The present study investigated the possible effect of the ethanolic extract of Petroselinum sativum against CCl[4]-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and compared with Rutin as reference. Ethanolic extract of Petroselinum sativum in two concentrations 100 and 200 mg/kg.bw. Was orally administered for 21 days after i.p CCl[4] injection to evaluate its possible effect. Also, Rutin [as standard antioxidant] was orally administered by concentration of 200 mg/kg.bw. Malondialdehyde "MDA" concentration [the end product of lipid peroxide] and total protein were determined both in liver, homogenate and plasma. Reduced Glutathione "GSH" content was determined in liver homogenate and in whole blood. Albumin was also determined and Glutathione-S-transferase "GST" in serum of rats was performed. Histological studies of liver for all treatments were investigated and results revealed that, the lipid peroxides "MDA" and "GST" were significantly increased [p<0.05], while reduced glutathione was decreased after treatment of CCL[4]. Administration of Petroselinum Sativum ethanolic extract at two concentrations and Rutin exerted a significant decreases [p<0.05] in MDA concentration, while the reduced glutathione appeared to be increased in whole blood. The activity of GST was reduced due to the effect of Petroselinum Sativum and Rutin after the duration time [10 and 21 days]. The ethanolic extract of Petroselinum Sativum revealed a significant increase in the total protein, albumin, and A/G ratio. The histological studies showed a significant increase in liver injury of intoxicated rats. After treatment with ethanolic extract of Petroselinum Sativum as well as Rutin, the sites of injury were decreased. It was concluded that, the toxic effect of CCl[4] on liver was abrogated under the effect of Petroselinum Sativum ethanolic extract; also, Rutin had an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. These findings suggested that the plant extract of Petroselinum Sativum could has a potent antioxidant activity

Total phenolic content and versatile biological activity of some selected widely consumed Egyptian vegetables'extract

Ethanolic extract as well as essential oils of parsley [Petroselinum crispum], Coriander [Coriander sativum] and dill [Anethum graveolens L.] were subjected for biological evaluation. Thus, these extracts and vegetables oils were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against different types of microorganisms using the agar diffusion technique. The ethanolic extracts as well as the essential oils were tested against two Gram-positive bacterial strains [Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus], two Gram-negative bacterial strains [Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli], one yeast strain [Candida albicans] and three fungal strains [Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium italicum and Syncephalastrum racemosum]. Furthermore, the previous extracts and essential oils were evaluated for their antioxidant activity using 1, 1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] scavenging techaque

Investigation of residual pesticides in some vegetable plants in Saudi Arabia

Pesticides are used for pest management and vector control in agricultural areas, but many farming communities are not adequately informed about the hazards associated with the chemicals. As a result, farmers use pesticides without full understanding of their impact on human health and the environment. Human contacts with pesticides, whether in the field, during pesticide application, weeding, pruning, harvesting, re-entry to collect fire wood, vegetables or in the houses for killing mosquitoes, cockroaches, fleas and flies. Storing pesticides may lead into acute and/or chronic exposures, with adverse health consequences. Although the inhalation, dermal and oral routes of exposure are the most common, pesticide residues in food and water may add to indirect exposures common in the general population. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid automated screening method for determining pesticides residues in seven green vegetables [rocket, mint, parsley, leek, dill, lettuce and spinach] collected from different sources in Saudi Arabia markets. Thirty nine samples from green vegetables were used in this study. Six types of green vegetables were taken from the open markets [16 samples] and seven types were taken from supermarket [21 samples]. These samples were screened for pesticides residues by using Turbo Matrix Headspace Trap system in conjunction with a Perkin Elmer Clarus soo GC/MS. The classes of pesticides which are detected in this study are herbicides, rodenticides and fungicides. The obtained results revealed that the Dinitrotoluidine [l-hydroxy-4-[p-toluidine] anthraquinone] was detected in rocket and parsley, which are presents in supermarket but not found in mint, dill, lettuce and spinach. The oxadiazolinon [N, 0-dimethyloxos tephene] herbicide was found only in rocket purchased from open market. It was found that the dill obtained from the open market was the only plant which contains all kinds of rodenticides like cyano-phenolic [3-cyano-6-triflorom ethylphenantherine], sodium flouroacetate [3-methyI-1-phenyl-2- azafluorenone], hydrogen cyanide [l-cyano-6-trifloromethylphenantherine] and arsenical [arsine,l,2-phenylenebis dimethyl]. Hydrogen cyanides were detected in dill only. Identified types of pesticides have shown more occurrences in open market samples than the supermarket samples. The contamination level of pesticide residues considered a possible public health problem. Regular monitoring of a greater number of samples for pesticide residues, especially the imported is needed

Measurement of [226]Ra, [228]Ra, [137]Cs and [40]K in edible parts of two types of leafy vegetables cultivated in Tehran province-Iran and resultant annual ingestion radiation dose

The sources of radioactivity in the environment have natural, terrestrial and extraterrestrial, and anthropogenic origins. Plants may get radioactive nuclides in two ways: [i] by the deposition of radioactive fallout, [ii] by absorption from the soil. The concentrations of the natural radionuclides [[226]Ra, [228]Ra, [40]K] and the artificial radionuclide [[137]Cs] in leek and parsley in Tehran province-Iran were determined using HPGe. Also the effective dose due to the ingestion of such vegetables by the population of Tehran province was studied. The average value of radionuclide concentrations in parsley samples were measured 177.69 +/- 12.47 mBq kg[-1] fresh for [226]Ra; 349.62 +/- 28.42 mBq kg[-1] fresh for [228]Ra; 187364.6 mBq kg[-1] fresh for [40]K. The average value of radionuclide concentrations in leek samples were measured 94.31 +/- 6.46 mBq kg[-1] fresh for [226]Ra; 207.47 +/- 19.46 mBq kg[-1] fresh for [228]Ra; 174555 +/- 1704.21 mBq kg[-1] fresh for [40]K. The concentrations of [137]Cs in most of Parsley and Leek samples were below the minimum detectable activity [MDA]. The Average [226]Ra and [228]Ra activities in 29 leek and parsley samples were about 2.63 and 6.78 times the reference values, respectively. The annual effective dose resulting from the studied radionuclides for the adult population in Tehran province were found to be safe in comparison with normal background areas

Manufacture of soft cheese with multiple health benefits 1- Fortified with vegetables oils and parsley juice [as natural antioxidants]

UF-soft cheese was prepared from UF milk retentate containing either 3% milk fat or mixed milk fat + vegetable oils [1:1] and fortified with 1-5% parsley juice and cold storied for 30 days. The total phenolic [TPC] and carotenoids [TCC] contents were determined and antioxidant properties were measured using DPPH and FRAP methods in retentates and cheeses. Also, the chemical composition was evaluated and sensory properties evaluation of fresh and storied cheese were evaluated. Fortification of retentate with different concentrations of parsley juice increased significantly its content of phenolic compounds and carotenoids and consequently its antioxidant activity. Partial replacing milk fat with mixed olive + sunflower oils [1:1] increased markedly TPC and TCC. Pasteurization of retentates increased its TPC, RSA% and FRAP values, but TCC was not greatly affected. Addition of 3% NaCI to retentates reduced slightly its TPC, TCC, and RSA% and FRAP values. On the other hand there was noticeable increase in the TPC, TCC, RSA% and FRAP values of the fresh fortified cheese especially those made with mixture of milk fat and vegetable oils. However, the antioxidant activity and scores for sensory attributes decreased gradually in all cheeses during storage, but UF-soft cheeses with parsley juice gained higher flavour scores and general acceptability than control when fresh and throughout the cold storage

[ study of consumed vegetable parasitic infections in Qazvin]

Outbreaks of human parasitic diseases associated with the consumption of raw vegetables, often occur in developing and developed countries. To evaluate parasitic contamination of edible vegetables in Qazvin. This was a descriptive analytical study in which 150 samples of different vegetables including leek, parsley, lettuce, coriander, radish, spring onion, tarragon, basil, mint, and cress; collected from several greengroceries in Qazvin during 12 months between 2006-2007 were examined. Samples were evaluated for presence of metazoan and protozoan parasitic contaminations. The vegetable samples were washed with water and tested microscopically after performance of sedimentation method. Fifty three out of 150 samples [35.3%] were found to have parasitic contamination. Among those 45 [30%] and 8 [5.3%] were revealed to be metazoa and protozoa, respectively. Metazoan contaminations were detected by observation of helminthes' eggs 13 [8.6%] and rhabditoid larva 32 [21.4%] in vegetables. The highest rate of contamination was detected in leek [60%], and the lowest in coriander and radish [20%]. Regarding the parasitic infestation, rhabditoid larva with 21.4% and Hymenolepis nana ova with 0.7% were shown to have the highest and lowest rates, respectively. Based on our results, edible vegetables in Qazvin are the potential sources of several parasitic infections in human

Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de algumas plantas comumente consumidas no Brasil / Antimicrobial activity of extracts of some plants commonly consumed in Brazil

Os óleos essenciais e alfavaca, manjerona, calêndula e salsa foram extraídos por Arraste de Vapor sob Pressão Reduzida e a atividade antimicrobiana de cinco diferentes concentrações foi determinada sobre quinze microrganismos. Utilizaram-se inóculos padronizados, previamente crescidos em caldo nutriente e semeados por superfície em placas de Petri contendo dois meios de cultura diferentes: Agar para Contagem Padrão (PCA) e Agar Nutriente acrescido de 0,1 por cento de Tween 20. Após incubação por 72 h a 30°C, foi observado que o óleo essencial de salsa afetou um maior número de microrganismos, seguido dos óleos de alfavaca, calêndula e manjerona. A atividade antimicrobiana mostrou um decréscimo no crescimento das leveduras e das bactérias Gran-positivas à medida em que se aumentou a diluição. As bactérias Gram-negativas foram inibidas apenas pelos óleos concentrados. Foi demonstrado, portanto, o possível uso destes óleos como conservantes naturais de alimentos.

Heavy metals in selected edible vegetables and estimation of their daily intake in Sanandaj, Iran.

The levels of four different heavy metals [cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu)] were determined in various vegetables [leek (Allium ampeloprasum), sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)] cultivated around Sanandaj City. The contributions of the vegetables to the daily intake of heavy metals from vegetables were investigated. One hundred samples (20 samples per month) were collected for five months. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of these metals in the vegetables. The average concentrations of each heavy metal regardless of the kind of vegetable for Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd were 13.60 +/- 2.27, 11.50 +/- 2.16, 7.90 +/- 1.05 and 0.31 +/- 0.17 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the above concentrations and the information of National Nutrition and Food Research Institute of Iran, the dietary intake of Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd through vegetable consumption was estimated at 2.96, 2.50, 1.72 and 0.07 mg/day, respectively. It is concluded that the vegetables grown in this region are a health hazard for human consumption.

Effect of cherries, cinnamon, coffee and parsley on hyperuricemia in rats fed high fructose diet

Hyperuricemia can be caused by overproduction of uric acid, as by feeding high fructose diets, or by inefficient excretion by the kidneys, and has long been associated with cardiovascular disease, and in people with hypertension, metabolic syndrome as gout or kidney disease. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of cherries [5%], cinnamon [5%], coffee [5%] and parsley [5%] on hyperuricemia in rats fed high fructose diet [60%] for four weeks. The results indicated that, all supplemented groups [with coffee, cherry, cinnamon or parsley] showed significant decrease [P < 0.05] in serum uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen as compared to positive control group [+ve]. Also, feeding rats with coffee, cinnamon or parsley caused significant decrease [P < 0.05] in serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL-C, LDL-C as compared to both -ve and +ve controls. Feeding Cherry caused significant improvement in lipid profile, and did not affect significantly serum glucose and LDL-C. It could be concluded that, cherries, cinnamon, coffee and parsley reduce serum uric acid, urea and creatinine levels and improve kidney and liver functions. The study recommends a possible dietary supplementation with cherries, cinnamon, coffee and parsley for patients suffering from hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia

Efecto antioxidante y hepatoprotector del Petroselinum sativum (perejil) en ratas, con intoxicación hepática inducida por paracetamol / Petroselinum sativum (perejil) antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in rats with paracetamol induced hepatic intoxication

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto antioxidante y hepatoprotector del perejil (Petroselinum sativum) en ratas con intoxicación hepática inducida por paracetamol. Lugar: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición - ôLaboratorio de Bioquímica Clínica y Nutricional ôLeonidas Delgado Butrónõ ôEmilio Guija Pomaõ - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú. Diseño: Estudio analítico, transversal, prospectivo y cuasi experimental. Material: Ratas albinas Holtzman machos adultas. Métodos: Se utilizó 40 ratas de 2 meses de edad, con pesos entre 280 y 320 g, distribuidas aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos de 10 animales cada uno. Todos los grupos recibieron la misma dieta y agua ad libitum, además de los respectivos tratamientos, los cuales fueron administrados por vía oral diariamente, durante 5 días: paracetamol (administrado en una dosis de 200 mg/kg de peso corporal) para inducir la intoxicación hepática y, al mismo tiempo, un hepatoprotector, ya fuera farmacológico (fármaco hepatoprotector (FHP): Purinor®) o natural (perejil); además, un grupo de paracetamol solo y otro de control. Al término del período experimental, los animales fueron sacrificados. En suero sanguíneo se determinó aspartato aminotransferasa (AST), alanita aminotransferasa (ALT), gamma glutamil transferasa (GGT), grupos sulfhidrilo, proteínas totales y albúmina sérica; y en el homogenizado citosólico de hígado, fracción posmitocondrial, se determinó superóxido dismutasa, catalasa, glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa, grupos sulfidrilo, especies reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) o radicales libres y proteínas. Además, se realizó el estudio histopatológico del hígado, para identificar signos de necrosis y signos de regeneración posnecrótica. Principales medidas de resultados: Efecto antioxidante y hepatoprotector del perejil. Resultados: El perejil mostró un mejor efecto hepatoprotector que el FHP, frente a la acción nociva...

Objective: To determine the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of parsley (Petroselinum sativum) in rats with paracetamol-induced hepatic intoxication. Setting: Leonidas Delgado Butron - Emilio Guija Poma Clinical and Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Design: Analytical, transverse, prospective and quasi-experimental study; only æpostÆ with quasi-control group design. Biologic materials: Adult male Holtzman albino rats. Methods: We utilized forty 2 months old adult rats weighing 280 to 320 g distributed at random in four groups 10 animals each. All groups received the same ad libitum diet and water along with respective treatments administered orally daily during 5 days: paracetamol was administered 200 mg/kg pc) to induce hepatic intoxication and concurrently a pharmacologic (hepatoprotective drug (HPD): Purinor®) or natural (parsley) hepatoprotector; another group was treated with paracetamol only and there was a control group. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the experimental period. We determined in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), sulphidril group, total proteins and serum albumin; and in liver postmitochondrial fraction cytosolic homogenates we determined superoxide dismutase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate deydrogenase, sulphidril group, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) or free radicals and proteins. Besides, histology study of the liver was done to identify both signs of necrosis and postnecrotic regeneration. Main outcome measures: ParsleyÆs antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. Results: Parsley showed a better hepatoprotective effect than HPD against paracetamolÆs nocive effect, as evaluated by AST, ALT and GGT serum levels. Determination of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase...

Effect of dark green leafy vegetables on serum lipid profile in hypercholesterolaemic rats

Evidence from prospective cohort studies indicates that a high consumption of plant-based foods such as fruit and green vegetables, nuts, and whole grains is associated with a significantly lower risk of coronary artery disease and stroke. Lutein is a carotenoid present in dark green leafy vegetables and it may be involved in the prevention of several diseases related to oxidative stress. The aim of this research was to study the effect of dill, celery, radish parsley, and leek on the serum lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic rats. The tested vegetables [Dill, celery, radish, Parsley and leek] were chosen because of their huge production, cheap price and common usage in Egypt. The effects of feeding dill, celery, radish, parsley and leek were tested in hypercholesterolemic rats given diets that contained these vegetables for 6 weeks. The rats fed on diet contained 20% parsley powder had the lowest food intake and body weight gain. The treated hypercholesterolemic rats had significant lower levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDLc, than the hypercholesterolemic group. On the other hand, HDLc of groups fed on Leek, Radish, Dill and Celery, increased significantly as compared with the positive control group. Also, the risk ratio was the highest in the control positive group [2.7 mg/ dl] compared with the negative control and the tested groups. Hence.it is concluded that these vegetables effective in regulating hypercholesterolemia

Uso de microondas doméstico na conservação de salsa: uma abordagem microbiológica / Domestic use of microwaves in the vegetable conservation: a microbiological boarding

Salsa é comumente empregada como tempero, no preparo de diversos pratos, e é comercializada principalmente em maços de ramos frescos. Como o produto é bastante perecível, muitas vezes ele não resiste ao armazenamento e se deteriora antes de ser consumido. Assim, neste trabalho, avaliou-se o uso de microondas doméstico para a secagem de salsa. Após a secagem verificou-se redução do teor de umidade, da atividade de água e da carga microbiana total, em relação à hortaliça fresca. Salsa fresca apresentou contagem de coliformes fecais superior ao permitido pela legislação vigente no Brasil, enquanto que a seca mostrou-se adequada para o consumo humano. A redução da atividade de água associada à destruição parcial da carga microbiana presente no produto, contribuiu para que se tenha um alimento que possivelmente pode ser conservado por mais tempo.

A case of parsely dependent sxercise-induced anaphylaxsis / 천식및알레르기

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis can be associated with ingestion of a specific food. We experienced a case of exercise-induced anaphylaxis followed by ingestion of parsely. A 22- year old female patient was presented with angioedema of the face and chest tightness induced by running after ingestion of parsley within 15 minutes. She had suffered from allergic rhinitis. She had positive reactions to mugwort pollen and parsely extract on skin prick test in a dose dependent manner. Although the oral provocation test with parsely could not induce bronchoconstriction, we could diagnosed as parsely dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis based upon skin prick test and history.