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1.
Rev Bras Enferm ; 72(suppl 3): 212-219, 2019 Dec.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31851256

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of remote monitoring in the knowledge of overweight women. METHOD: Randomized clinical trial with 101 women, randomly assigned to the control group (CG=50) and to the intervention group (IG=51). The IG received educational intervention over the telephone, during three months and routine follow-up in the service, while the CG only received conventional follow-up. The knowledge was assessed by a specific questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the Robust Linear Regression Model, adopting a statistical significance of 5%. RESULTS: In the intragroup assessment, an increase in the correct answers with a statistically significant difference was observed only for the IG in the domains: "Concept and causes of overweight," "Complications of overweight" and "Eating habits." In the intergroup comparison, an increase in the average knowledge was verified in the same domains for the IG (p≤0.005). CONCLUSION: nursing telemonitoring contributed positively to the improvement of women's knowledge.


Subject(s)
Knowledge , Obesity/therapy , Telemedicine/standards , Adult , Brazil , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Telemedicine/methods , Telemedicine/trends
2.
Microb Pathog ; 135: 103627, 2019 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31326560

ABSTRACT

The Guama virus (GMAV) is a member of Peribunyaviridae family, Orthobunyavirus genus. Several strains of the virus were isolated in South and Central Americas from several hosts, such as humans, wild animals, including nonhuman primates, wild rodents and mosquitoes as well as mice used as sentinels. The virus is able to cause febrile disease in humans. Here we describe for the first time pathologic and biochemical findings in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) infected with the prototype GMAV. Blood and organs of infected and control animals were collected every 24 h after infection from the 1st to the 7th day post infection (dpi) and at 21 dpi when experiment was ended. The tissues were processed for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The blood and serum were used to determine viremia and biochemical markers plus to detect anti-GMAV antibodies. The viremia was early detected already on the 1st dpi and it was no longer detected on the 3rd dpi. Total anti-GMAV antibodies were detected from the 6th dpi. Hepatic markers as ALT of infected animals were increased and showed statistically significant difference in comparison with control animals, indicating damage of the liver; indeed the liver was the most affected organ, but other organs presented lesions and positive GMAV immunostaining as brain, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney. Our findings indicate that golden hamsters are a good animal model for experimental infection of the GMAV.


Subject(s)
Bunyaviridae Infections/virology , Disease Models, Animal , Orthobunyavirus/pathogenicity , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Bunyaviridae Infections/blood , Bunyaviridae Infections/pathology , Kidney/pathology , Liver/pathology , Male , Mesocricetus , Spleen/pathology , Viremia
3.
Lifestyle Genom ; 12(1-6): 1-9, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31352438

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a cluster of physiological and anthropometric abnormalities. MetS has been linked to lactose intolerance (LI). The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity to detect LI using 2 different tests: (1) a genetic test and (2) an oral lactose tolerance test (OLTT). METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-four MetS patients, ≥20 years of age, of both genders, were recruited for this comparative study. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for genetic investigation: rs182549and rs4988235(both considered "gold standard"); rs56064699; rs148142676; rs562211644; rs59533246; rs3754689; rs2278544,and rs10552864(as potential novel SNPs). Sensitivity and specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values, were calculated for each genotype using WINPEPI version 11.65. Differences between positive and negative OLTT groups were considered statistically significant when p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Among the selected SNPs, only rs182549(p < 0.001) and rs4988235(p < 0.001) gave similar results compared to an OLTT. The sensitivity of both SNPs to detect LI was 87 and 86%, and specificity was 83 and 82.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Genetic tests using rs182549and rs4988235SNPs showed high agreement with OLTT. These genetic tests may be a good option to replace OLTT in MetS patients.


Subject(s)
Lactose Intolerance/diagnosis , Lactose Intolerance/genetics , Metabolic Syndrome/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Adult , Aged , Black People/ethnology , Black People/genetics , Brazil/epidemiology , Ethnicity/genetics , Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/ethnology , Genetic Testing/methods , Genotype , Humans , Lactose Intolerance/complications , Lactose Intolerance/ethnology , Lactose Tolerance Test , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Metabolic Syndrome/ethnology , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Sensitivity and Specificity , White People/ethnology , White People/genetics
4.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(supl.3): 212-219, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1057704

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effectiveness of remote monitoring in the knowledge of overweight women. Method: Randomized clinical trial with 101 women, randomly assigned to the control group (CG=50) and to the intervention group (IG=51). The IG received educational intervention over the telephone, during three months and routine follow-up in the service, while the CG only received conventional follow-up. The knowledge was assessed by a specific questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the Robust Linear Regression Model, adopting a statistical significance of 5%. Results: In the intragroup assessment, an increase in the correct answers with a statistically significant difference was observed only for the IG in the domains: "Concept and causes of overweight," "Complications of overweight" and "Eating habits." In the intergroup comparison, an increase in the average knowledge was verified in the same domains for the IG (p≤0.005). Conclusion: nursing telemonitoring contributed positively to the improvement of women's knowledge.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia del monitoreo a distancia de enfermería en la mejora del conocimiento de mujeres con sobrepeso. Método: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, realizado con 101 mujeres, asignadas aleatoriamente en grupo control (GC =50) y en grupo de intervención (GI =51). El GI recibió intervención educativa por teléfono, durante tres meses, y seguimiento de rutina en el servicio, mientras que el GC recibió solo el seguimiento convencional. Se evaluó el conocimiento mediante un cuestionario específico. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el Modelo de Regresión Linear Robusto, adoptando la significancia estadística del 5%. Resultados: En la evaluación intragrupal, hubo un aumento en los aciertos con una diferencia estadísticamente significante solo para el GI en los dominios: "Concepto y causas del sobrepeso", "Complicaciones del sobrepeso" y "Hábitos alimenticios". En la comparación intergrupal, se verificó que el GI aumentó la media del conocimiento en los mismos dominios (p≤0,005). Conclusión: el telemonitoreo de enfermería contribuyó positivamente a la mejora del conocimiento de las mujeres.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade do monitoramento remoto de enfermagem na melhora do conhecimento de mulheres com excesso de peso. Método: Ensaio clínico randomizado, com 101 mulheres, alocadas aleatoriamente no grupo controle (GC = 50) e no grupo intervenção (GI = 51). O GI recebeu intervenção educativa por telefone durante três meses e acompanhamento de rotina no serviço, e o GC, apenas acompanhamento convencional. O conhecimento foi avaliado por questionário específico. Os dados foram analisados pelo Modelo de Regressão Linear Robusto, adotando-se significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: Na avaliação intragrupo houve aumento de acertos com diferença estatisticamente significante apenas para o GI nos domínios: "Conceito e causas do excesso de peso", "Complicações do excesso de peso" e "Hábitos alimentares". Na comparação intergrupos, verificou-se para o GI aumento na média do conhecimento nos mesmos domínios (p ≤ 0,005). Conclusão: o telemonitoramento de enfermagem contribuiu positivamente para a melhora do conhecimento das mulheres.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Telemedicine/standards , Knowledge , Obesity/therapy , Brazil , Surveys and Questionnaires , Telemedicine/methods , Telemedicine/trends , Middle Aged , Obesity/psychology
5.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 34(6): 1593-1602, nov.-dec. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-968958

ABSTRACT

The faveira bean (Parkia platycephala Benth.), belongs to the Fabaceae family, this species is recommended for afforestation and also has a forage potential. In addition, it has the potential of landscaping, the wood can be used for box-office, tables for internal divisions in small constructions, linings, confection of toys, as well as for firewood and charcoal. That way, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different temperature and substrate on the germination of seeds of P. platycephala. The study was carried out at the laboratory for analysis of Seeds of the Department of Plant Science and Environmental Agricultural Sciences Center of the da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, in Areia - PB. Therefore, a completely randomized design and a 6 x 4 factorial arrangement were performed, consisting of the combinations of six temperatures (25, 30 and 35 °C constant and 20-30, 20-35 and 25-35 °C alternating) and four substrates (sand, coconut fiber, paper and vermiculite). To evaluate the effect of the treatments were performed germination test, first count and germination speed index, length of plants, root and aerial dry matter. The constant temperature of 35 °C provided better performance of seeds Parkia platycephala when using the sand as substrate.


A faveira (Parkia platycephala Benth.), pertence à família Fabaceae, é uma espécie recomendada para arborização e também possui potencial forrageiro. Além disso, tem potencial paisagístico, a madeira pode ser utilizada para caixotaria, tabuados para divisões internas em pequenas construções, forros, confecção de brinquedos, bem como para lenha e carvão. Dessa forma, o trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas e substratos na germinação de sementes de P. platycephala. O mesmo foi realizado no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, do Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, no município de Areia, PB. Portanto, realizou-se experimento em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso e arranjo fatorial 6 x 4, constituídos pelas combinações de seis temperaturas (25, 30 e 35 °C constantes e 20-30, 20-35 e 25-35 °C alternadas) e quatro substratos (areia, fibra de coco, papel e vermiculita). Para avaliação dos tratamentos realizou-se testes de germinação e vigor (primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de germinação, bem como o comprimento e massa seca das raízes e parte área). O substrato areia na temperatura de 35 °C é recomendado para testes de germinação e vigor em sementes de Parkia platycephala.


Subject(s)
Seeds , Substrates for Biological Treatment , Germination , Fabaceae
6.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 48(8): e20170741, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045194

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a Fabaceae family species from Central America, which has a small size and is widely used as a living fence in the urban afforestation for streets, parks, and gardens. Based on this importance, the aim of this research was to study the influence of light and temperature on the germination of C. pulcherrima seeds. The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, comprising a 3x5 (three temperatures and five light regimes) factorial scheme with four replicates containing 25 seeds each. Germination and vigor of seeds were evaluated under temperatures of 25°C and 30ºC constant and 20-30ºC alternated in different light regimes: white, green, red-distant, red, and absence of light. Variables analyzed were: germination, first germination count, germination speed index, root length, shoot length, and the ratio of dry mass of root/shoot of the seedlings. Seeds of C. pulcherrima germinate in the presence and absence of light, being a neutral photoblastic. Recommendation to test the vigor of these seeds is the temperature of 30°C in the white light regime.


RESUMO: Caesalpinia pulcherrima, pertence à família Fabaceae, é uma espécie exótica originada da América Central, apresenta pequeno porte, muito utilizada como cerca-viva em arborização de ruas, parques e jardins. Diante de sua importância o trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a influência da luz e temperatura na germinação de sementes de C. pulcherrima. A pesquisa foi conduzida no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia, PB, Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido em um esquema fatorial 3x5 (três temperaturas e cinco regimes de luz) com quatro repetições, contendo 25 sementes para cada tratamento. Avaliou-se a germinação e vigor das sementes sob temperaturas de 25°C e 30ºC constantes e 20-30ºC alternada em diferentes regimes de luz: branca, verde, vermelha-distante, vermelha, e ausência de luz. As variáveis analisadas foram: germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de raiz/parte aérea e massa seca de raiz/parte área de plântulas. As sementes de C. pulcherrima germinam na presença e ausência de luz, sendo um fotoblástico neutro. A recomendação para testar o vigor dessas sementes é a temperatura de 30°C no regime de luz branca.

7.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 17(5): 724-731, set.-out. 2016.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-835670

ABSTRACT

Compreender as percepções de pessoas com obesidade sobre esta condição de saúde. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa realizada em ambulatório para acompanhamento de pessoas com obesidade. Foram entrevistadas 15 pessoas com diagnóstico de obesidade. Dados coletados por entrevistas e submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: Significando a obesidade, Afetando a vida cotidiana e a saúde e Enfrentando a obesidade. Na primeira categoria, a maioria dos entrevistados significou negativamente a própria obesidade; na segunda, perceberam-na como condição capaz de provocar dano à saúde e à capacidade laboral; e, na terceira, como condição que precisa ser enfrentada e tratada. Conclusão:as percepções da obesidade refletiram, sobretudo, sentimentos negativos, acompanhados de algum grau de sofrimento físico, psíquico e social.


Objective: to understand the perceptions of people with obesity on this health condition. Methods: qualitative research conducted in an outpatient clinic for follow-up of people with obesity. 15 people diagnosed with obesity were interviewed. Data were collected by interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: three categories emerged: Giving meaning to obesity, Affecting everyday life and health and Facing obesity. In the first category, the majority of respondents gave negative meaning to their own obesity; in the second, they perceived it as a condition capable of causing damage to health and labor capacity; and in the third, it was referred as a condition that must be faced and treated. Conclusion: perceptions on obesity reflected, above all, negative feelings, accompanied by some degree of physical, mental and social suffering.


Subject(s)
Humans , Attitude to Health , Body Image/psychology , Obesity/psychology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Body Constitution , Obesity/diagnosis , Qualitative Research
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 13(4): 296-302, out-dez 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-785271

ABSTRACT

O crescente envelhecimento populacional e o aumento da prevalência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis têm contribuído para o incremento do adoecimento por condições graves e incuráveis, tornando necessário o oferecimento de bons cuidados de fim de vida para as pessoas, aspecto que precisa ser pensado em termos técnicos e bioéticos. Assim, o objetivo do presente artigo foi discutir, criticamente, aspectos atuais dos problemas bioéticos atinentes ao fim de vida, explorando especialmente os conceitos de distanásia, ortotanásia, eutanásia, suicídio assistido,limitação consentida de tratamento, cuidados paliativos e diretivas antecipadas, em relação à argumentação ética sustentada em termos dos princípios de sacralidade da vida humana e de respeito à autonomia das pessoas. A discussão dos aspectos atuais e a construção de uma mínima caixa de ferramentas bioéticas, para a abordagem das questões pontuadas, tornam-se essenciais para todo e qualquer profissional de saúde que atue com enfermos em processo de morrer, de modo a permitir um passamento digno,o que pressupõe o acolhimento dos desejos da pessoa, sem imposições baseadas na técnica e/ou no paternalismo.


Steadily increasing non-transmittable chronic diseases in aging populations are resulting in more patients with serious, incurable conditions, with rising needs for good end-of-life care for these cases requiring careful thought in technical and bioethical terms. The purpose of this paper was thus to present a critical discussion of current aspects of bioethical problems related to the end of life, particularly the concepts of dysthanasia, orthothanasia, euthanasia, assisted suicide, pre-set treatment boundaries, palliative care and advance directives or living wills, in terms of ethical arguments grounded on the principles of the sacredness of human life and respect for personal autonomy. A discussion of current aspects and the construction of a basic bioethical toolbox for addressing specific issues have become essential for all healthcare practitioners assisting patients engaged in the process of dying, in order to offer them decent deaths. This assumes that personal wishes will be followed, without impositions based on techniques and/or paternalism.


Subject(s)
Terminal Care , Bioethics , Attitude to Death , Terminally Ill , Ethics
9.
Rev. bioét. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 31-39, Jan-Apr/2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752496

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho discute questões éticas atinentes à tomada de decisão no contexto dos cuidados de fim de vida. Elegeu-se o processo decisório em bioética clínica para tal propósito. Analisam-se, ainda, critérios para a deliberação e o posicionamento ante os problemas relacionados ao fim da vida – os quais devem envolver enfermos (ou seus representantes legais), familiares e profissionais da saúde –, em um âmbito no qual o respeito à autonomia, com todas as suas nuances e limitações, tenha lugar de destaque.


This study discusses ethical issues related to decisions about end-of-life care. The decision making process in clinical bioethics was selected as a basis for the study. Additionally, criteria for assessing and adopting positions on end-of-life issues were analyzed, including the necessity of including (or their substitutes), family members and healthcare practitioners in the decision making-process, in an atmosphere where respect for autonomy – with all its nuances and limitations – plays a key role.


Este texto habla de cuestiones éticas relacionadas con la toma de decisiones, dentro del contexto del cuidado de final de vida. El proceso de toma de decisiones en bioética clínica fue seleccionado para este fin. Se analizan, además, criterios para tasar y adoptar posturas en cuestiones de final de vida – los cuales deben implicar a los enfermos (o sus representantes legales), familiares y profesionales de la salud ‒, en una atmósfera em que el respeto a la autonomía, con todos sus matices y limitaciones, desempeña un papel fundamental.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bioethics , Decision Making , Hospice Care , Personal Autonomy , Professional-Family Relations , Professional-Patient Relations , Right to Die , Terminal Care , Terminally Ill , Deliberations , Health Personnel
10.
J Clin Med Res ; 5(4): 294-9, 2013 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23864919

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease, has an inflammatory pattern and is associated with higher cardiometabolic risk. There are recent reports associating an elevated C-Reactive Protein (CRP) with a microscopic endothelial dysfunction. The objective is to evaluate if there is an association between serum levels of CRP and endothelial function in women with overweight/obesity, as well as the correlation between CRP and anthropometric variables. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that analyzed secondary data from patients treated in an institution of tertiary education, as part of the weight excess and cardiometabolic disease survey. The study included patients with overweight/obesity who had CRP and endothelial function tests already made and inserted into the survey database. The endothelial function was evaluated by: reactive hyperemia test (endothelium-dependent vasodilation). All tests were recorded and later analyzed by the same echocardiographer who performed the examination. Statistical analyses were realized in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 14. It was considered statistically significant a P value < 0.05. RESULTS: This study included 47, nonsmoker women. with a BMI of 32.37 ± 5.06 kg/m(2), median of CRP of 2.59 mg/L and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of 8.75% ± 5.22%. There was no correlation between CRP and endothelial dysfunction in this population (rs = 0.08, P = 0.64). No correlation was observed between CRP and BMI. There were no differences of endothelial dysfunction variables and CRP in groups in use or not of medications (Hypolipidemic, antihypertensives and hypoglycemic agents). CONCLUSION: There was no association between CRP and FMD and this can suggest that it is possible that the level of eNOS dysfunction associated with increased CRP is not enough to lead to macroscopic changes and harm vasodilation.

11.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2013. 69 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-736657

ABSTRACT

Neste trabalho pretendeu-se investigaros principais aspectos envolvidos no debate moral sobre os problemas bioéticos atinentes aos cuidados de fim de vida, enfatizando especialmente o processo de tomada de decisão frente à morte e ao morrer. Justifica-se a importância da temática em virtude, especialmente, (a) das transições demográfica e epidemiológica que vêm ocorrendo no Brasil e (b) do expressivo avanço das biotecnociências na saúde, no tocante à manutenção da vida e ao prolongamento da sobrevida. Com efeito, delineia-se um cenário no qual há crescente demanda por tratamentos e serviços de saúde, propiciando o surgimento de situações nas quais se torna necessário deliberar sobre os cuidados de fim de vida, do ponto de vista técnico e bioético. Para a abordagem bioética dessa questão foi elaborada revisão da literatura com estratégia de busca definida, utilizando-se as bases LILACS, PUBMED e SCIELO. Os textos obtidos foram lidos e as considerações advindas da leitura organizadas em dois artigos. O primeiro artigo cujo objetivo é discutir, criticamente, aspectos atuais dos problemas bioéticos atinentes à finitude assinala a importância da construção,pelos profissionais que cuidam,de uma mínima caixa de ferramentas bioéticas, para a abordagem das questões morais atinentes aos cuidados ao fim de vida. O segundo artigo que tem por escopo ponderar sobre o processo de tomada de decisões em bioética clínica aplicado ao processo de morrer, acena para a relevância da participação dos enfermos, dos familiares e dos profissionais da saúde no processo decisório. Com efeito, conclui-se que a Bioética fornece ferramentas teóricas para a análise dos problemas éticos do final da vida, tornando-os mais claros, facilitando a construção das melhores decisões morais na prática clínica, o que para a temática em tela poderá perfeitamente significar a possibilidade de uma boa morte, respeitando – acima de tudo– a vontade do titular em processo de morrer, às portas do infinito...


This paper presents a structured investigation of the key aspects involved in moral debates over bioethical problems arising from end-of-life care, with particular stress on decision-taking processes related to death and dying. The importance of this topic is justified especially by: (a) demographic and epidemiological transitions under way in Brazil and (b) significant progress in the health-related bio-techno-sciences, in terms of maintaining life and prolonging survival. This shapes a context where rising demands for healthcare treatments and services are leading to situations in which thought must be given to end-of-life care, from the technical and bioethical standpoints. In order to approach this issue through bioethics, a review of the literature was prepared, following a clearly defined search strategy and using the LILACS, PUBMED and SCIELO databases. The obtained texts were read and the resulting observations were organized into two papers. The first paper – whose purpose is to conduct a critical discussion of current aspects of bioethical problems related to finitude – underscores the importance of the construction of a basic bioethical toolbox by attending practitioners, for exploring moral issues related to end-of-life care. Exploring decision-taking processes in clinical bioethics applied to the dying process, the second paper underscores the relevance of the participation of patients, family members and healthcare practitioners in decision-taking processes, reaching the conclusion that Bioethics provides theoretical tools for analyzing and clarifying end-of-life ethical problems. This streamlines the construction of more valid moral decisions in clinical practice which, for the topic under examination, may enhance the possibilities of decent deaths, above all respecting the wishes of persons engaged in the process of dying, at the gates of the infinite...


Subject(s)
Humans , Terminal Care/ethics , Bioethics , Death , Decision Making , Euthanasia/ethics , Suicide, Assisted/ethics , Terminally Ill
12.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract ; 83(2): 257-62, 2009 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19124169

ABSTRACT

This cross sectional study evaluated serum (SMg) and intramononuclear (MMg) magnesium in patients with metabolic syndrome without diabetes and correlated them with cardiovascular risk factors. 72 patients and 57 controls (blood donors) were studied. Hypomagnesemia (SMg<1.7 mg/dL) was seen in 23.2% and intracellular depletion in 36.1% of the patients. SMg and MMg means were significantly lower in patients than in controls: 1.80+/-0.18 mg/dL vs. 2.43+/-0.43 mg/dL and 0.98+/-0.55 microg/mg vs. 1.67+/-0.64 microg/mg of protein (P<0.001). Inverse correlation was observed between, SMg and MMg with BMI; SMg with systolic blood pressure and waist circumference in women. Patients with acanthosis nigricans had lower SMg (1.75+/-0.18 mg/dL vs. 1.85+/- 0.18 mg/dL, P<0.05). Non-white people had lower SMg (1.78+/-0.16 mg/dL vs. 1.92+/-0.24 mg/dL, P=0.007) and MMg (0.95+/-0.59 microg/mg vs. 1.13+/-0.42 microg/mg, P=0.03). Patients with IR showed lower MgM means (0.84+/-0.33 microg/mg vs. 1.14+/-0.69 microg/mg, P<0.05). The same occurred in patients with low HDL-c levels (0.92+/-0.46 microg/mg vs. 1.20+/-0.70 microg/mg, P=0.03), and those with moderate and severe hepatic steatosis (0.77+/-0.29 microg/mg vs. 1.21+/-0.80 microg/mg, P<0.05). In conclusion, magnesium depletion in serum and mononuclear cells is common in obese people with metabolic syndrome, and it is more evident in non-white people with insulin resistance. This depletion may contribute to a post-receptor insulin resistance.


Subject(s)
Insulin Resistance/physiology , Magnesium Deficiency/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Complications/blood , Diabetes Complications/epidemiology , Diabetes Complications/metabolism , Female , Humans , Intracellular Space/metabolism , Magnesium/blood , Magnesium/metabolism , Magnesium Deficiency/blood , Magnesium Deficiency/complications , Magnesium Deficiency/metabolism , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Young Adult
13.
Arq. odontol ; 45(1): 30-36, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: lil-556541

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de natureza qualitativa cujo objetivo foi contribuir com o debate sobre as reformas curriculares para os cursos de Odontologia, particularmente sobre o processo de implementação das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Foram analisados os 15 artigos publicados sobre as DCN, no período de 2002 a 2006, na Revista da Associação Brasileira de Ensino Odontológico. Os artigos selecionados foram lidos e classificados em categorias, a partir de sua abordagem da temática, no sentido de identificar a posição dos autores. Verificou-se que artigos publicados pelo Ministério da Saúde e ABENO têm uma posição bastante favorável e otimista do potencial transformador das DCN na formação dos profissionais de saúde, já os artigos acadêmicos apontam para a necessidade de ressignificação do papel da universidade e do ensino de graduação na formação de profissionais de saúde e não apenas de reformas curriculares.


The present article is an exploratory qualitative study aimed at contributing to the debate on curricular reforms for dentistry courses, especially as regards the implementation process for nationalcurriculum guidelines (NCG). Fifteen papers on NCG published between 2002 and 2006 in the Journal of the National Association for the Teaching of Dentistry(ABENO) were analyzed. Papers selected were read and classified into categories based on their approach to the theme so that the author’s positioncould be clearly identified. It could be observed that papers written by the Health Ministery and by ABENO presented a favorable and optimisticposition regarding the potential for the transformation of NCG in educating health professionals. In contrast,academic papers tend to point toward the need for a new definition of the role of the university and of undergraduate courses in educating health professionals and not simply curricular reforms.


Subject(s)
Curriculum/trends , Universities , Educational Measurement/statistics & numerical data
14.
Rev. ABENO ; 9(1): 69-73, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-875022

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo busca fazer uma revisão bibliográfica da atual situação dos docentes universitários, ou seja, como eles estão sendo formados e qual o seu perfil. Percebe-se que esse assunto é bem discutido na literatura e que mudanças foram ocorrendo a partir da reflexão sobre a prática docente. O que se vê atualmente é a formação de um professor ativo, com ênfase na reflexão de sua prática pedagógica, a prá- tica reflexiva que permite que o mesmo atue e reflita sobre seu próprio trabalho (AU).


The aim of the present study was to carry out a literature review of the current situation of university teaching staff ­ how they are receiving their university education and what their profile is. This subject is widely discussed in the literature and changes have been occurring based on reflections regarding the practice of teaching. The profile of the current teaching staff is that of an active professor, with an emphasis on allowing reflection on his/her teaching practice. This reflexive practice allows the professor to act and reflect on his/her own work (AU).


Subject(s)
Teaching/education , Problem-Based Learning/methods , Faculty
15.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract ; 72(1): 75-80, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16233933

ABSTRACT

A cross-sectional study was performed involving epidemiological and clinical features of the metabolic syndrome (MS) in Spanish migrants to Brazil and their descendants. This included 479 subjects: Group A (Spanish migrants): n=215; Group B (descendants born in Brazil of Spanish parents): n=126, Group C (mixed descendants born in Brazil with either father or mother born in Spain): n=138. MS was defined according to the original NCEP/ATP III criteria and by the revised NCEP/ATP definition (glucose>or=100mg/dl). Overall prevalence of MS according to NCEP/ATP III criteria was 26.3%. Age/sex-adjusted prevalence was 27.4%. When the revised NCEP criteria were considered, overall prevalence was 30.1% (age/sex-adjusted 31.3%). The differences between the two criteria were 3.8% and 3.9% (CI -1.9-9.4%). When stratified by groups the MS was more prevalent in Group A (37.2%) and Group B (20.6%) than in Group C (10.9%). Environmental factors may have influenced the development of MS. Reason for the apparently protective role of genetic features due to admixture between populations in the mixed descendants needs to be explored.


Subject(s)
Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Blood Pressure , Body Mass Index , Body Size , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Emigration and Immigration , Family , Fasting , Humans , Insulin/blood , Metabolic Syndrome/genetics , Spain/ethnology
16.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 49(6): 959-963, dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420169

ABSTRACT

O magnésio é um íon predominantemente intra-celular, que participa como co-fator de mais de 300 reações enzimáticas, dentre elas na atividade da tirosino-cinase. Sua deficiência pode aumentar a resistência periférica à insulina, especialmente em pacientes com síndrome metabólica e diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Este trabalho avaliou, em 27 pacientes com DM2 descompensado, o conteúdo intra-celular de magnésio, correlacionando-o com índices laboratoriais de resistência insulínica e controle glicêmico. Hipomagnesemia foi encontrada em 75 por cento dos pacientes e déficit intra-celular em 30,8 por cento. Houve correlação negativa do Mg intra-celular (Mg IC) com HbA1 e com IMC. 59,2 por cento dos pacientes apresentaram HOMA IR > 3,5, e tendência para correlação negativa com o Mg IC, porém sem significância estatística. Apesar do número pequeno de pacientes, ressalta-se que uma vez que deficiência de magnésio é comum em pacientes com diabetes, sua relação com resistência insulínica deve ser mais estudada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Insulin Resistance , Magnesium Deficiency , Cholesterol, HDL , Magnesium Deficiency/metabolism , Magnesium Deficiency/physiopathology , /metabolism , /physiopathology , Blood Glucose/analysis , Homeostasis , Hypertension/metabolism , Hypertension/physiopathology , Magnesium/blood , Magnesium/urine , Insulin Resistance/physiology
17.
Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol ; 49(6): 959-63, 2005 Dec.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16544020

ABSTRACT

Magnesium is a predominantly intracellular ion, and it is a cofactor in more than 300 enzymatic reactions, like tyrosinokinase activity. Its deficiency may increase insulin resistance, especially in patients with metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated in 27 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes if there was correlation between intracellular magnesium levels, laboratorial indexes of insulin resistance and glycemic control. Decreased serum and intracellular magnesium depletion were found in 75% and 30.8% of patients, respectively. A negative correlation between intracellular magnesium levels (ICMg) and BMI and HbA1 was found. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was higher than 3.0 in 59.2% of patients and there was a tendency to negative correlation with ICMg levels, although without statistical significance. Despite the small number of patients, this study shows that magnesium deficiency is frequent in patients with diabetes and its correlation with insulin resistance should be more studied.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Insulin Resistance , Magnesium Deficiency , Adult , Aged , Blood Glucose/analysis , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Female , Homeostasis , Humans , Hypertension/metabolism , Hypertension/physiopathology , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Magnesium/blood , Magnesium/urine , Magnesium Deficiency/metabolism , Magnesium Deficiency/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged
18.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 14(3): 91-94, jul.-set. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-410622

ABSTRACT

Neste trabalho foram estudadas imagens sólidas das mamas, em 30 pacientes, através de ultra-sonografia tridimensional (US 3D) e mamografia num estudo comparativo, tendo-se como padrão-ouro a histopatologia. Obteve-se como resultado deste trabalho uma especificidade para a US 3D de 100 por cento e uma sensibilidade de 61 por cento. O valor preditivo positivo para a US 3D foi de 100 por cento, e o valor preditivo negativo, de 63 por cento. Para a mamografia os índices encontrados foram: 77 por cento de sensibilidade e 83 por cento de especificidade. Valor preditivo positivo de 87 por cento e valor preditivo negativo de 71 por cento. As imagens da US 3D foram classificadas como: padrão retrátil (malignidade) e padrão compressivo (benignidade). As mamografias foram classificadas conforme a classificação Bi-Rads. Os resultados corroboraram o objetivo do trabalho, que foi demonstrar a eficiência da US 3D diante da lesão sólida da mama já existente, visto que a sua especificidade foi muito alta


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Mammography , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Ultrasonography, Mammary
19.
Femina ; 32(6): 509-515, jul. 2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-413543

ABSTRACT

A Toxemia gravídica é a principal causa de mortalidade materna e perinatal no Brasil, verdadeiro problema de saúde pública. Estudos epidemiológicos recentes têm demonstrado a relação entre a pré-eclampsia e a doença coronariana. A pré-eclampsia pode ser hoje em dia entendida como uma doença em três estágios. O estágio 1 caracterizado pela placentação defeituosa; o estágio 2 pela perfusão uterina deficiente acusada pelo Doppler e o estágio 3 tipificado pela disfunção endotelial. A disfunção endotelial avaliada pelo teste da dilatação fluxo-mediada da artéria braquial (DILA) foi evidenciada em mulheres não-grávidas com história de toxemia. Ademais, na própria gravidez a reatividade vascular apontada pela DILA seria sinal preditivo da doença, juntamente com o Doppler das artérias uterinas. A profilaxia da toxemia gravídica pode ser feita com aspirina, antioxidantes (vitaminas C e E), vitaminas do complexo B (B6, B12 e folato)e suplementação com L-arginina


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Apoptosis , Brachial Artery , Oxidative Stress , Pre-Eclampsia , Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology , Pre-Eclampsia/prevention & control , Pre-Eclampsia , Maternal Mortality , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular
20.
Femina ; 32(4): 279-284, maio 2004. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-401290

ABSTRACT

A dilatação fluxo-mediada endotélio-dependente da artéria branquial (DILA) ou simplesmente reatividade da artéria branquial é hoje o melhor procedimento para avaliar a função endotelial. A técnica é ultrasonográfica, não invasiva, simples e de fácil aprendizado, muito embora exija certo cuidado por parte do examinador. O aumento do fluxo do sangue resultante da hiperemia isquemia-induzida estimula a liberação de óxido nítrico(NO) pelo endotélio, resposta que está comprometida em pacientes de risco para doença coronariana, vale dizer, diabéticos, hipertensos, tabagistas e hiperlipidêmicos. Além disso a DILA vem também sendo utilizada na toxemia gravídica, doença que tem na sua fisiopatologia a pontificar a disfunção endotelial...


Subject(s)
Female , Brachial Artery , Endothelium, Vascular , Echocardiography, Doppler , Nitric Oxide/therapeutic use , Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular/trends
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