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1.
Clin Exp Dermatol ; 42(6): 642-644, 2017 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28589559

ABSTRACT

The aetiopathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is not fully understood; however, increasing evidence suggests that it may be an immune-mediated disorder. Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) has classically been considered as the 'paradigm' of autoimmunity, and it has been linked to a variety of skin disorders. To our knowledge, the prevalence of AITD has not been investigated in patients with HS. The aim of the present study was to assess and compare, for the first time, the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in 70 patients with HS and in 70 age- and sex-matched controls. In all participants, thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid function tests were analysed. No statistically significant difference was detected between patients with HS and controls, either for the prevalence of thyroid antibodies or for thyroid function parameters. This lack of an association between HS and thyroid autoimmunity suggests that conventional autoimmune mechanisms may not be implicated in the pathogenesis of HS.


Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/blood , Autoimmune Diseases/immunology , Hidradenitis Suppurativa/immunology , Thyroid Diseases/immunology , Thyroid Gland/immunology , Adult , Autoimmunity , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Male
4.
Med. cután. ibero-lat.-am ; 38(2): 84-87, mar.-abr. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-95116

ABSTRACT

La telangiectasia esencial progresiva (TEP) es una entidad infrecuente que afecta preferentemente a mujeres de edad media. Clínicamente se caracteriza por el desarrollo progresivo de vasos telangiectásicos que inicialmente aparecen en la región distal de las extremidades inferiores y posteriormente se extienden de forma ascendente hacia el tronco y los miembros superiores. Describimos un nuevo caso de TEP en una mujer de 53 años. Se realiza diagnóstico diferencial con otras entidades caracterizadas por el desarrollo de múltiples telangiectasias (AU)


Progressive essential telangiectasia (PET) is a rare skin disorder that affects mainly middle-age women. It is clinically characterized by the development of telangiectases which first appear on distal lower extremities and progressively spread to the trunk and upper limbs. We report a new case of PET in a 53-year-old woman. Differential diagnosis should be performed with other diseases characterized by the development of multiple telangiectasias (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Hemostatic Disorders/diagnosis , Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Blood Vessels/physiopathology
5.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 19(1): 5-11, 2008 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18335150

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: During last 50 years chemotherapy has played a very important part in the cancer treatment. However, success or failures of news drugs in one particular cancer its difficult to predict. In vitro chemosensitivity is an attractive method for knowing about responses of a tumor to ChT treatment and assess the best dose in the patient with cancer. OBJECTIVE: To know brain tumors sensitivity against antineoplastic drugs. METHODS: Five different drugs (carmustin, camptotecin, taxol, hydroxyurea and tamoxifen) were tested on short-term cultures from 7 patients with Glioblastoma multiforme, 15 patients with meningiomas and one patient with meduloblastoma. For testing chemosensitivity we used MTT assay, and we measured optic density by spectophotometry to 450 nm. RESULTS. A total of 49 measurement were done, getting 44 valid dose-result curves. For each drug we used from 10-2 M to 10-12 M gap, and IC50 result was representative of tumor sensitivity to the drug. CONCLUSION: our data support MTT assays like valid method for measuring in vitro chemosensitivity in brain tumors to news drugs.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Formazans/metabolism , Humans , Tetrazolium Salts/metabolism , Tumor Cells, Cultured
6.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 19(1): 5-11, ene.-feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67962

ABSTRACT

Durante los últimos 50 años la quimioterapia (QT)ha jugado un importante papel en el tratamiento del cáncer. Sin embargo, el éxito o fracaso de nuevas drogas para un determinado tipo de cáncer es difícil de predecir. La quimio sensibilidad in vitro es un método atractivo para conocer a priori si ese tumor responderá a una pauta de QT y para determinar la dosis óptima de tratamiento en los enfermos con cáncer. Objetivo. Conocer la sensibilidad de tumores cerebrales frente a determinados fármacos antineoplásicos. Material y métodos. Se ensayaron 5 fármacos diferentes (carmustina, camptotecina, taxol, hidroxiureay tamoxifeno) en los cultivos primarios obtenidos de7 pacientes con glioblastoma multiforme, 15 pacientescon meningiomas y un paciente con medulo blastoma. Para estudiar la quimiosensibilidad se empleó el test del MTT, midiendo la densidad óptica por espectofotometríaa 450 nm. Resultados. Un total de 49 mediciones fueron realizadas, obteniendo 44 curvas dosis-respuesta válidas. Se emplearon concentraciones desde 10-2 M hasta 10-12 M para cada fármaco ensayado, obteniendo IC50 en cada caso como valor representativo de la sensibilidad del tumor a la droga. Conclusiones. El test MTT se muestra válido para medir la quimio sensibilidad in vitro de tumores cerebrales a nuevos fármacos


During last 50 years chemotherapy has played a very important part in the cancer treatment. However succes or failures of news drugs in one particular cancer its difficult to predict. In vitro chemo-sensitivity is an attractive method for knowing about responses of a tumor to ChT treatment and assess the best dose in the patient with cancer. Objective. To know brain tumors sensitivity againstantineoplastic drugs. Methods. Five differents drugs (carmustin, camptotecin, taxol, hydroxyurea and tamoxifen) were tested on short-term cultures from 7 patients with Glioblastoma multiforme, 15 patients with meningiomas and one patient with meduloblastoma. For testing chemosensitivity we used MTT assay, and we measured optic density by spectophotometry to 450 nm. Results. A total of 49 measurement were done, getting44 valids dose-result curves. For each drug we used from 10-2 M to 10-12 M gap, and IC50 result was representative of tumor sensitivity to the drug. Conclusion. our data support MTT assays like valid method for measuring in vitro chemosensitivity in brain tumors to news drugs


Subject(s)
Humans , Brain Neoplasms/drug therapy , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor/methods , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Glioblastoma/drug therapy , Meningioma/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
9.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 52(8): 495-8, 2005 Oct.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16281745

ABSTRACT

Prophylactic treatment with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) is currently widely used to prevent thromboembolic events. However, such treatment is not free of risk. Among the possible complications described is rectus sheath hematoma. We report the case of a patient undergoing surgery for a hypophysial adenoma approached by the transsphenoidal route. He received LMWH prophylaxis for thromboembolism and showed a tendency to hypotension during surgery. The patient's condition deteriorated to hypovolemic shock accompanied by episodes of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. With the transfusion of medications, blood products and plasma volume expanders, the patient was stabilized and surgery was completed. A computed tomography scan then revealed a hematoma occupying the greater part of the left anterior rectus muscle. With conservative wait-and-see treatment the abdominal symptoms disappeared and the hematoma gradually receded until fully resolved. Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is a rare condition. Presentation is quite nonspecific and computed tomography is needed for reaching a firm diagnosis. When a hematoma is large, the initial clinical picture may include hypovolemic shock, which may develop during surgery if the hematoma is not diagnosed early. Intraoperative management will be much more difficult than it would have been if diagnosis and treatment had taken place before the operation.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Hematoma/complications , Intraoperative Complications/etiology , Nadroparin/adverse effects , Premedication , Rectus Abdominis/blood supply , Shock/etiology , Adenoma/surgery , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Hematoma/chemically induced , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nadroparin/administration & dosage , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Rectus Abdominis/diagnostic imaging , Rupture, Spontaneous , Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 52(8): 495-498, oct. 2005. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-040648

ABSTRACT

El uso de las heparinas de bajo peso molecuar (HBPM) como profilaxis de eventos tromboembólicos está hoy en día muy extendido. No obstante, se trata de una medida no exenta de riesgos. Entre las posibles complicaciones descritas se encuentra el hematoma de la vaina de los rectos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente que fue intervenido de adenoma hipofisario por vía transesfenoidal previa profilaxis de enfermedad tromboembólica con HBPM, presentando durante la intervención tendencia a la hipotensión. La situación fue empeorando de forma pregresiva hasta el shock hipovolémico acompañado de episodios de fibrilación auricular con respuesta ventricular rápida. Con medidas farmacológicas y transfusión de hemoderivados y expansores de volumen, se consiguió estabilizar al paciente y finalizar la intervención quirúrgica. Finalizada la misma, se realizó una tomografía computarizada, en la que llamaba la atención un hematoma que ocupaba la mayor parte del músculo recto anterior izquierdo. Se realizó tratamiento conservador expectante, apreciándose la desaparición de la sintomatología abdominal y la reducción progresiva del hematoma hasta su total desaparición. El hematoma espontáneo de la vaina de los rectos es una patología poco frecuente. La forma de presentación es muy poco específica, y para el diagnóstico de certeza está indicada la realización de una tomografía axial computarizada. En casos de hematomas grandes, el cuadro puede iniciarse como un shock hipovolémico y si el diagnóstico no es precoz podemos encontrarnos con esta complicación en el intraoperatorio, resultando su manejo mucho más dificultoso que si se lleva a cabo un diagnóstico y tratamiento previo a la intervención quirúrgica


Prophylactic treatment with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) is currently widely used to prevent thromboembolic events. However, such treatment is not free of risk. Among the possible complications described is rectus sheath hematoma. We report the case of a patient undergoing surgery for a hypophysial adenoma approached by the transsphenoidal route. He received LMWH prophylaxis for thromboembolism and showed a tendency to hypotension during surgery. The patient's condition deteriorated to hypovolemic shock accompanied by episodes of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. With the transfusion of medications, blood products and plasma volume expanders, the patient was stabilized and surgery was completed. A computed tomography scan then revealed a hematoma occupying the greater part of the left anterior rectus muscle. With conservative wait-and-see treatment the abdominal symptoms disappeared and the hematoma gradually receded until fully resolved. Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is a rare condition. Presentation is quite nonspecific and computed tomography is needed for reaching a firm diagnosis. When a hematoma is large, the initial clinical picture may include hypovolemic shock, which may develop during surgery if the hematoma is not diagnosed early. Intraoperative management will be much more difficult than it would have been if diagnosis and treatment had taken place before the operation


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Hematoma/drug therapy , Shock/etiology , Intraoperative Complications , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/pharmacology , Hematoma/diagnosis , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Diagnostic Imaging
11.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 15(3): 285-9, 2004 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15239015

ABSTRACT

Differences in the imaging characteristic of adult medulloblastomas have been reported, including involvement of lateral cerebellar hemispheres with an extra-axial appearance. We present a case report of this rare circumstance: a 40 year old man presented with a 3 weeks history of headache, morning vomiting and left hearing difficulties. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor, like a well circumscribed homogeneously enhancing mass. Through a left suboccipital craniectomy the tumor was totally removed. It presented as a cerebellopontine angle tumor, like a meningioma, and not as an intra-axial tumor. Histological analysis revealed that the tumor was composed of densely packed with highly proliferative cells that produce a dense intercellular reticulin fiber network. Inmunohistochemical analysis showed positive expression to synaptophysin, specific neuronal enolase and cromogranin. Histological diagnosis was crucial to define it as a desmoplastic medulloblastoma the present case and to perform postoperative adjuvant therapy. Neurosurgeons should be aware of the possibility that a CPA tumor is of intraaxial origin, because this increase the variability on pathological diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Cerebellar Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Cerebellar Neoplasms/pathology , Cerebellopontine Angle/diagnostic imaging , Cerebellopontine Angle/pathology , Medulloblastoma/diagnostic imaging , Medulloblastoma/pathology , Adult , Cerebellar Neoplasms/surgery , Cerebellopontine Angle/surgery , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Medulloblastoma/surgery , Spinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Spinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Neoplasms/secondary , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 15(2): 144-50, 2004 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15159792

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effect of different therapies -surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy (temozolomide)- on the survival of various groups of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). METHOD: The overall survival of a total of 85 patients with histopathological diagnosis of GBM was analyzed (descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier). Patients were divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 (n=12), untreated patients (" no treatment" option was chosen by the family); group 2 (n=22), patients undergoing surgery only (retrospective series from the 1980s); group 3 (n=24), patients undergoing surgery + standard radiotherapy (control group, partially effective treatment); group 4 (n=27), patients undergoing surgery + radiotherapy + chemotherapy (temozolomide [TMZ]) (current study group). RESULTS: Mean age (one-way ANOVA) showed no significant difference between the groups. Mean/median survival (weeks) was as follows: group 1, 18/16; group 2, 23/14; group 3, 48/42; group 4, 70/64. The Kaplan-Meier analysis yielded the following 50% survival cutoffs (weeks): group 1, 16.00; group 2, 14.29; group 3, 42.00; group 4, 64.43. This demonstrated a significant difference when radiotherapy (group 3) was added to surgery (group 2) or no treatment (group 1), and a significant difference (p < 0.001) in survival when TMZ (group 4) was added to the so far considered as being the standard treatment (group 3: surgery + radiotherapy). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery alone does not result in a higher survival rate for GBM patients. However, surgery allows to establish a histopathological diagnosis, to improve signs and symptoms which are attributable to intracranial hypertension or tumour topography, and to reduce the number of target cells for adjunctive therapies. Radiotherapy improves survival and TMZ chemotherapy that is given after radiotherapy adds further survival benefit for patients.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/mortality , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/therapy , Dacarbazine/analogs & derivatives , Dacarbazine/therapeutic use , Glioblastoma/mortality , Glioblastoma/therapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/surgery , Combined Modality Therapy , Glioblastoma/radiotherapy , Glioblastoma/surgery , Humans , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Survival Rate , Temozolomide , Time Factors
13.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 15(2): 144-150, abr. 2004.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-32090

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Analizar en distintos grupos de pacientes con glioblastoma multiforme (G.M.) el efecto de las distintas terapias (cirugía, radioterapia y quimioterapia con temozolamida) en su supervivencia. Método. Es analizada, retrospectivamente, la supervivencia global de 85 pacientes con diagnóstico histopatológico de G.M. Cada uno de los 4 grupos de pacientes corresponde a un periodo de tiempo distinto y se dividen según el tratamiento efectuado en: grupo 1 (n=12): pacientes no sometidos a ningún tratamiento (salvo corticoides o sintomático); grupo 2 (n=22): pacientes sometidos sólo a tratamiento quirúrgico (serie retrospectiva años 80); grupo 3 (n=24): pacientes sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico + radioterapia (grupo de control); grupo 4 (n=27): pacientes sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico + radioterapia + quimioterapia con temozolamida (TMZ) (grupo de estudio) . Se emplea el método de Kaplan-Meier y el test de Log-Rank para la comparación de curvas de supervivencia. Resultados. La edad media no mostró diferencia significativa entre los grupos. La media/mediana de la supervivencia en semanas resultó para el grupo 1: 18/16; grupo 2: 23/14; grupo 3: 48/42; grupo 4: 70/64, evidenciando una diferencia significativa el hecho de añadir en el tratamiento radioterapia (grupo 3) al tratamiento quirúrgico (grupo 2) o a la abstención terapéutica (grupo 1), y una diferencia significativa (p<0.001) en la supervivencia al añadir TMZ (grupo 4 de estudio) al tratamiento convencional, hasta la fecha, de cirugía + radioterapia (grupo 3 de control). Conclusiones. la cirugía por sí misma no aporta mayor supervivencia a los pacientes con G.M., aunque permite el diagnóstico AP, mejorar síntomas y signos atribuibles a la hipertensión intracraneal o la topografía tumoral y reducir el número de células objetivo de tratamientos complementarios. Al añadir radioterapia al tratamiento quirúrgico mejora la supervivencia de los pacientes, así como el tratamiento quimioterápico con TMZ administrada tras la misma añade una mayor supervivencia a los pacientes con G.M (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Survival Rate , Time Factors , Survival Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Dacarbazine , Combined Modality Therapy , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating , Glioblastoma , Central Nervous System Neoplasms
14.
Clin Exp Dermatol ; 28(6): 657-60, 2003 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14616836

ABSTRACT

Clinical researchers are evaluating the utility of obtaining sequential images of pigmented lesions taken over time for purposes of comparison with the aim of detecting subtle changes suggestive of melanoma. Therefore, the image acquisition process is critical and will need to be strictly standardized before any firm conclusions can be drawn from analysis of sequential images. The influence of patient positioning on the accuracy of sequential image analysis has not been considered in most studies evaluating sequential images. In this experimental study, the influence of patient positioning on the size and shape of an inked circle placed on the skin was determined and measured. Inked circular marks (15 mm in diameter, area 176.71 mm2) were placed on the skin of the lumbar and suprascapular areas of 60 consecutive patients. The diameter and area of the 'circle' was measured with the patient in the prone position with head centred, prone position with head turned to the right, prone position with head turned left, and in the seated position. Statistical analysis was performed with Student's t-tests (paired data). We observed statistically significant differences in the shape, mean maximal diameter and area of the inked circular marks on both the suprascapular area and in the lumbar area after changes of patient positioning (P<0.001). To conclude, the position of the patient must be fixed and standardized during acquisition of sequential images, at least for lesions 15 mm in diameter or larger. Furthermore, it is our opinion that the methods used to control for patient positioning should be reported in the methodology section of studies that report on comparison of sequential images. Only then can we accurately compare sequential images and avoid 'false positive lesion enlargement' being categorized as a true change.


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging/standards , Melanoma/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Analysis of Variance , False Positive Reactions , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phantoms, Imaging , Prone Position , Reference Standards
16.
Rev Neurol ; 34(8): 750-3, 2002.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12080496

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Ossified yellow ligaments are a rare cause of thoracic myelopathy, which has been reported mainly in Japanese patients. The lower thoracic spine is the most common site affected and symptomatic patients usually begin to develop spactic paraparesis in combination with reduced depth sensation. CLINICAL CASE: A 45 year old female that since 8 months presented progressive gait disturbance with paresthesias to both lower extremities. Neurologic examination revealed a spactic gait with exaggeration of lower extremities reflexes, positive bilateral Babinski sign and reduced depth sensation. The MRI revealed concentric narrowing of the spinal canal between D(8) to D(11) with spinal cord compression due to enlarged calcified yellow ligaments and hypertrophy of articular processes. A D(9)-D(10) laminectomy was performed, with removed of calcified yellow ligaments, and foraminotomy in affected levels. The postoperative follow up during 30 months has been uneventful. CONCLUSION: Calcified yellow ligaments are a poorly understood cause of thoracic myelopathy which should be treated as early as possible in symptomatic patients.


Subject(s)
Ligamentum Flavum/pathology , Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament/pathology , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Thoracic Vertebrae/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Laminectomy , Ligamentum Flavum/surgery , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament/surgery , Spinal Cord Compression/etiology , Spinal Cord Diseases/pathology , Spinal Cord Diseases/surgery , Thoracic Vertebrae/surgery
17.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(8): 750-753, 16 abr., 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27698

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Descrita sobre todo en la población japonesa, la calcificación del ligamento amarillo es una causa poco frecuente de mielopatía torácica. En los pacientes que presentan síntomas, éstos consisten en paraparesia espástica y trastornos de la sensibilidad profunda; los niveles torácicos inferiores son los más frecuentemente afectados. Caso clínico. Mujer de 45 años de edad que desde hacía ocho meses presentaba una inestabilidad en la marcha de carácter progresivo, y parestesias en ambos miembros inferiores que le dificultaban la deambulación. La exploración neurológica puso de manifiesto una marcha espástica, con hiperreflexia en miembros inferiores, signo de Babinski positivo bilateral y trastornos en la sensibilidad profunda. Los estudios de RM mostraron una estenosis concéntrica del canal raquídeo en los niveles D8 a D11 a expensas de la calcificación de los ligamentos amarillos, con hipertrofia de los articulares. En la intervención quirúrgica se practicó laminectomía en D9 y D10, resección de los ligamentos amarillos calcificados y foraminotomía en los niveles implicados. La evolución postoperatoria hasta la actualidad, a 30 meses de seguimiento, es favorable. Conclusiones. La mielopatía por calcificación de los ligamentos amarillos es una entidad a tener en cuenta, afecta sobre todo a la zona torácica y debe plantearse su tratamiento quirúrgico tan pronto como sea posible en los pacientes sintomáticos (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Spinal Cord Compression , Spinal Cord Diseases , Thoracic Vertebrae , Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament , Diagnosis, Differential , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Laminectomy , Ligamentum Flavum
18.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 8(6): 422-427, ago. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-11804

ABSTRACT

El dolor postoperatorio es causante de numerosos efectos fisiopatológicos indeseables y la necesidad del tratamiento adecuado del dolor postoperatorio está actualmente fuera de toda discusión, sin embargo, continúa sin resolverse la problemática en cuanto a la elección de los métodos y fármacos ideales en el tratamiento del dolor postoperatorio tras una anestesia general con remifentanilo. La utilización de remifentanilo como analgésico único durante el periodo intraoperatorio trae consigo en el postoperatorio inmediato, la ausencia de analgesia residual en el periodo de recuperación tras suspender su administración, esto obli ga a iniciar tratamiento del dolor postoperatorio antes de que cesen los efectos antinociceptivos de remifentanilo. La incidencia de dolor postoperatorio moderado-severo tras el uso intraoperatorio de remifentanilo solo (sin analgesia previa) se presenta el 43-92 por ciento de los pacientes. La administración previa de opioides como la morfina, meperidina o tramadol pro p o rcionarían analgesia durante los primeros 30 minutos de la recuperación, en este sentido, los AINEs solos no son una alternativa al dolor postoperatorio moderado-severo tras una anestesia general basada en remifentanilo. Por ello, en procedimientos quirúrgicos que cursan con dolor postoperatorio moderado-severo se ha propuesto el uso de remifentanilo en el postoperatorio inmediato para control del dolor como periodo de transición a la utilización de analgésicos de acción más prolongada. La depresión respiratoria es el factor limitante más importante de la administración de opioides por vía intravenosa en pacientes conscientes, siendo preciso una monitorización postoperatoria adecuada, correcto funcionamiento de las bombas de infusión, vigilancia constante y la presencia de un anestesiólogo en la unidad de reanimación cuando se utiliza remifentanilo como analgésico postoperatorio. La administración de remifentanilo puede proporcionar analgesia adecuada entre un 58-100 por ciento de los pacientes en función del método de administración. Dosis entre 0,050,23 µg.kg- 1. min-1 son adecuadas para el tratamiento del dolor postoperatorio, asociando elevada incidencia de eventos respiratorios dosis de infusión superiores a 0,23 µ g . k g- 1. min-1. La adicción de bolos de remifentanilo para control del dolor no son aconsejables, siendo más adecuados los incrementos en el ritmo de infusión en 0,025 µ g . k g- 1. m i n- 1. Como analgésico postoperatorio, remifentanilo a las dosis utilizadas, proporciona mayor eficacia analgésica que 0,15 mg.kg- 1 de sulfato de morfina seguido de 5 bolos de 2 mg. Los métodos de administración de remifentanilo como analgésico postoperatorio más seguros son su administración mediante sistema PCA-TCI o mediante infusión continua a dosis constante. El uso de remifentanilo como analgésico postoperatorio se presenta como una alternativa al tratamiento del dolor severo tras su utilización intraoperatoria con seguridad y una eficacia superior a la de otros opioides bajo la supervisión de un anestesiólogo y permite realizar una adecuada transición a otras pautas analgésicas (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Fentanyl/pharmacology , Nociceptors , Morphine/pharmacology , Morphine/administration & dosage , Meperidine/administration & dosage , Meperidine/pharmacology , Tramadol/administration & dosage , Tramadol/pharmacology , Anesthesia, General , Intraoperative Period , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Infusions, Intravenous , Fentanyl/administration & dosage
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