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1.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 47(3): 18-24, jul.-set. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-641974

ABSTRACT

El carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides en quiste tirogloso (CaQT) es una rara entidad. En diferentes series de pacientes operados por quistes tiroglosos su incidencia fue del 0.7 al 1.07%. Luego de la extirpación del quiste por el procedimiento de Sistrunk, no hay consenso sobre la indicación de tiroidectomía total, radioablación y/o terapéutica supresiva con levotiroxina. El objetivo del Departamento de tiroides de SAEM, fue evaluar: formas de presentación, evolución clínica, métodos diagnósticos de utilidad y tratamiento para consensuar futuras conductas. Material y Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico, retrospectivo en 22 pacientes entre 10 a 69 años, 15 mujeres y 7 varones. Resultados: El tamaño de los quistes osciló entre 1 y 8 cm (Mediana= 3.0 cm, Χ ± DS= 3.7 ± 2.2 cm). La mitad de los pacientes presentó crecimiento del quiste en los 6 meses previos a la cirugía. La punción resultó sospechosa en 2/5 quistes y positiva en uno. La ecografía tiroidea evidenció nódulos en 4/13 casos (30%). Se realizó tiroidectomía en 17/22 pacientes (total: 15 y subtotal: 2). La histología del CaQT demostró carcinoma papilar en 21 y carcinoma folicular en uno. Hubo coexistencia de cáncer intratiroideo en el 23.5% de los casos, ninguno multicéntrico. Dos pacientes presentaron metástasis ganglionares y otro tuvo compromiso muscular (ninguno de ellos coexistió con cáncer intratiroideo). Se radioablacionó a 13 pacientes. En 9/11 pacientes la tiroglobulina permaneció indetectable durante el seguimiento (1 a 14 años). Conclusiones: 1) Realizar ecografía de cuello y punción ecoguiada a todo paciente con quiste tirogloso. 2) En caso de CaQT combinar simultáneamente tiroidectomía total y procedimiento de Sistrunk. 3) Evaluar radioablación complementaria y tratamiento supresivo con levotiroxina en cada caso. 4) Efectuar el seguimiento tal como en los carcinomas ortotópicos.


Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in thyroglosal duct cyst (TGDC) is rare, ranging from 0.7 to 1.07% in different series. After the surgery of choice (Sistrunk procedure) the other alternative treatments such as thyroidectomy (Tx), radioiodine and L-T4 therapy are controversial. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate several and controversial aspects in the largest series of DTC in TGDC reported in the literature. Subjects and methods: retrospective multicentric study: n= 22, aged 10-69 yrs. (15 females and 7 men) who underwent the Sistrunk procedure for TGDC. Results: none of the TGDC was less than 1 cm (median 3.0 cm, Χ±SD= 3.7 ± 2.2cm). In half of them there was an increased cystic size in the last 6 months before surgery. Cyst FNA was suspicious in 2/5 and positive in one, whereas the histological diagnosis of the operated TGCD was papillary cancer in 21 and 1 follicular carcinoma. Thyroid ultrasound (US) (n=13) showed nodules in 30% of the cases. Tx was performed in 17/22 (total: 15, subtotal: 2). Thyroid DTC coexisted in 4/17 (23.5%), and was unilateral in all of them. Lymph node metastases were present in 2 adults and muscle involvement was found in the 10-year old girl. None of these 3 patients had overt thyroid lesions. 131-I therapy was performed in 10 patients. In 9 out of 11 subjects Tg remained undetectable during follow-up (1-14yrs.). Persistent high Tg was present in one case without thyroid DTC. Conclusions: 1) Ultrasonography and FNAB should be performed to every patient with thyroglossal duct cyst 2) In case of TGDC, total Tx and Sistrunk's procedure should be simultaneously combined 3) 131-I therapy and L-T4 suppressive treatment should be evaluated in every case 4) Follow-up as in the DTC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Thyroglossal Cyst/surgery , Thyroglossal Cyst/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/therapy , Salvage Therapy/methods
2.
Clin Chim Acta ; 370(1-2): 180-4, 2006 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16600201

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of thyroid follicular carcinoma by fine needle aspiration biopsy is a well known problem in thyroid pathology. METHODS: We evaluated telomerase activity (TA) in 85 fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples from patients with thyroid nodules. Surgery samples from patients with tumor or follicular adenomas were also analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty of the FNAB samples corresponded to carcinomas and were positive to telomerase assay (TA >10 Units). Among them, 4 follicular carcinomas and 1 papillary carcinoma were labeled as indeterminate by FNAB cytological examination. Four percent false positive cases and no false negative cases for TA in FNABs were reported. FNAB samples from follicular adenomas were diagnosed as indeterminate by cytological examination, but they showed no detectable TA. Tumor tissues from patients with follicular or papillary thyroid carcinomas presented TA >10 Units, whereas follicular adenoma tissues (benign nodules) showed no TA. CONCLUSION: Our results showed a good correlation between TA in FNAB samples and tumor/nodule thyroid tissue. This suggested that use of TA as a biological marker of malignancy might be a useful tool in the diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinomas or follicular thyroid adenomas using FNAB samples.


Subject(s)
Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Telomerase/metabolism , Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thyroid Neoplasms/enzymology , Biomarkers, Tumor , Humans , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
3.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 51(2): 121-6, 1991.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1820497

ABSTRACT

Results of treatment and long and short-term follow up of 13 patients (8 girls, 5 boys), aged 14-20 years (x:16.5) with prolactinomas, were assessed. Most frequent initial symptoms were: cephalea, puberty arrest or delay, galactorrhea and visual impairment. Pre-treatment evaluation showed variable and discordant responses of LH and FSH to LR-RH test, while results of TRH (TSH) test were normal in 8/9 patients (one girl had a primary hypothyroidism). Basal prolactin (PRL) levels were high in all patients (77 and 1150 ng/ml; mean +/- SD: 378 +/- 285), without further increase of TRH (mean: 25%). Eight patients had initially been operated; 7 remained hyperprolactinemic, requiring bromocriptine (BEC) after surgery. Five patients received BEC initially; CT scanning showed the absence of a substantial reduction of tumor size in 4 patients and there was no change in 1 girl. They all underwent surgery. Follow-up of 11 patients lasted between 2 and 12 years. Of those initially operated, 1 had a spontaneous return to normal gonadal function, and 5 patients required concomitant treatment. Of the 5 patients initially treated with BEC, 1 girl spontaneously resumed her cycles and became pregnant 10 months later, 1 girl completed her puberal development and at present she menstruates normally; 1 girl required concomitant progesterone treatment and the boy resumed his gonadal function. The secondarily operated girl remains normoprolactinemic, although without menstruation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Pituitary Neoplasms/therapy , Prolactinoma/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Bromocriptine/therapeutic use , Female , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Male , Pituitary Neoplasms/blood , Prolactin/blood , Prolactinoma/blood , Thyrotropin/blood
4.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 51(2): 121-6, 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-105416

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados del tratamiento y seguimiento a mediano y largo plazo en 13 pacientes (8 niñas y 5 varones) de 14.2 a 20 años (x:16,5) portadores de prolactinoma. En el momento de la consulta los signos clínicos, más frecuentes fueron: cefaleas, detención o retraso de la pubertad, galactorrea y alteraciones visuales. La evaluación pretratamiento mostró respsuestas variables y discordantes de LH y FSH al ensayo de LH-RH, mientras que la prueba de TRH (TSH) resultó normal en 8/9 casos (una joven mostró un hipotiroidismo primario asociado). Los niveles de prolactina (PRL) basales estaban elevados en todos los casos entre 77 y 1150 ng/ml (x ñ SD : 378 ñ 285), sin incremento luego del TRH (x : 25%). En 8 casos, la cirugía constituyó el tratamiento inicial; 7 de ellos persistieron hiperprolactinémicos y requirieron bromocriptina (BEC) postquirúrgica. Cinco enfermos recibieron BEC como tratamiento primario; la TC mostró desaparición o importante reducción tumoral en 4 y ausencia de modificaciones en 1 niña por lo que se indicó cirugía secundariamente. La evolución pudo seguirse en 11 pacientes entre 2 y 12 años. De los operados inicialmente, 1 recuperó espontáneamente la función gonadal y 5 casos requirieron tratamiento complementario. De los 5 casos tratados primariamente con BEC, una recuperó ciclos espontáneamente logrado embarazo a los 10 meses, una completó el desarrollo puberal y presenta sangrados periódicos, una requirió tratamiento complementario con progesterona y el varón recuperó la función gonadal. La niña que fue secundariamente operada persiste normoprolactinémia sin recuperar sus ciclos. Concluimos que: 1) la PRL basal, junto con la evaluación radiológica, constituyen los elementos fundamentales en el diagnóstico de prolactinoma; 2) las evidencias clínicas y radiológicas abonarían en favor de una mayor rapidez evolutiva en los varones; 3) la BEC constituye un recurso valioso en el tratamiento primario o complementario de los prolactinomas en pacientes infantojuveniles


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Prolactinoma/surgery , Bromocriptine/therapeutic use , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Follow-Up Studies , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Pituitary Neoplasms/drug therapy , Prolactinoma/drug therapy , Prolactin/blood , Thyrotropin/blood
5.
Medicina [B Aires] ; 51(2): 121-6, 1991.
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-51337

ABSTRACT

Results of treatment and long and short-term follow up of 13 patients (8 girls, 5 boys), aged 14-20 years (x:16.5) with prolactinomas, were assessed. Most frequent initial symptoms were: cephalea, puberty arrest or delay, galactorrhea and visual impairment. Pre-treatment evaluation showed variable and discordant responses of LH and FSH to LR-RH test, while results of TRH (TSH) test were normal in 8/9 patients (one girl had a primary hypothyroidism). Basal prolactin (PRL) levels were high in all patients (77 and 1150 ng/ml; mean +/- SD: 378 +/- 285), without further increase of TRH (mean: 25


). Eight patients had initially been operated; 7 remained hyperprolactinemic, requiring bromocriptine (BEC) after surgery. Five patients received BEC initially; CT scanning showed the absence of a substantial reduction of tumor size in 4 patients and there was no change in 1 girl. They all underwent surgery. Follow-up of 11 patients lasted between 2 and 12 years. Of those initially operated, 1 had a spontaneous return to normal gonadal function, and 5 patients required concomitant treatment. Of the 5 patients initially treated with BEC, 1 girl spontaneously resumed her cycles and became pregnant 10 months later, 1 girl completed her puberal development and at present she menstruates normally; 1 girl required concomitant progesterone treatment and the boy resumed his gonadal function. The secondarily operated girl remains normoprolactinemic, although without menstruation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

6.
Medicina [B.Aires] ; 51(2): 121-6, 1991. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-26637

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados del tratamiento y seguimiento a mediano y largo plazo en 13 pacientes (8 niñas y 5 varones) de 14.2 a 20 años (x:16,5) portadores de prolactinoma. En el momento de la consulta los signos clínicos, más frecuentes fueron: cefaleas, detención o retraso de la pubertad, galactorrea y alteraciones visuales. La evaluación pretratamiento mostró respsuestas variables y discordantes de LH y FSH al ensayo de LH-RH, mientras que la prueba de TRH (TSH) resultó normal en 8/9 casos (una joven mostró un hipotiroidismo primario asociado). Los niveles de prolactina (PRL) basales estaban elevados en todos los casos entre 77 y 1150 ng/ml (x ñ SD : 378 ñ 285), sin incremento luego del TRH (x : 25%). En 8 casos, la cirugía constituyó el tratamiento inicial; 7 de ellos persistieron hiperprolactinémicos y requirieron bromocriptina (BEC) postquirúrgica. Cinco enfermos recibieron BEC como tratamiento primario; la TC mostró desaparición o importante reducción tumoral en 4 y ausencia de modificaciones en 1 niña por lo que se indicó cirugía secundariamente. La evolución pudo seguirse en 11 pacientes entre 2 y 12 años. De los operados inicialmente, 1 recuperó espontáneamente la función gonadal y 5 casos requirieron tratamiento complementario. De los 5 casos tratados primariamente con BEC, una recuperó ciclos espontáneamente logrado embarazo a los 10 meses, una completó el desarrollo puberal y presenta sangrados periódicos, una requirió tratamiento complementario con progesterona y el varón recuperó la función gonadal. La niña que fue secundariamente operada persiste normoprolactinémia sin recuperar sus ciclos. Concluimos que: 1) la PRL basal, junto con la evaluación radiológica, constituyen los elementos fundamentales en el diagnóstico de prolactinoma; 2) las evidencias clínicas y radiológicas abonarían en favor de una mayor rapidez evolutiva en los varones; 3) la BEC constituye un recurso valioso en el tratamiento primario o complementario de los prolactinomas en pacientes infantojuveniles (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Prolactinoma/surgery , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Prolactinoma/drug therapy , Pituitary Neoplasms/drug therapy , Bromocriptine/therapeutic use , Prolactin/blood , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Thyrotropin/blood , Follow-Up Studies
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