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1.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 57(2): 91-4, 2010 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20337000

ABSTRACT

Indirect inspection of the airway using a 70 degrees rigid laryngoscope plus a flexible nasal fiberoptic scope can provide additional information when the anesthesiologist foresees that airway management will be difficult. These devices are useful for detecting structural abnormalities, they can be attached to the same visualization system, and they do not require topical anesthesia or sedation of the patient. We report on 3 patients diagnosed with difficult airway. Inspection with a rigid laryngoscope during the preanesthetic assessment visit revealed abnormalities that prevented visualization of the glottis. In the first case, the epiglottis was absent, as it had been removed with a surrounding tumor; in the second and third cases, an epiglottic deformity and hypertrophy of the base of the tongue were found. A flexible nasal fiberoptic scope gave an unobstructed view of the glottis in these cases, making it easier to choose an intubation method.


Subject(s)
Airway Obstruction/diagnosis , Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Laryngoscopes , Otolaryngology/instrumentation , Preoperative Care/methods , Aged , Airway Obstruction/etiology , Biopsy , Epiglottis/pathology , Epiglottis/surgery , Female , Humans , Hypertrophy , Intubation, Intratracheal , Male , Middle Aged , Overweight/complications , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Complications/pathology , Pyriform Sinus/pathology , Spinal Cord Compression/surgery , Tongue/pathology , Tongue/surgery , Vitrectomy
2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 57(2): 91-94, feb. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-78831

ABSTRACT

La exploración de los pacientes con criterios de dificultaden el manejo de la vía aérea puede ser ampliadacon la realización de una laringoscopia indirecta utilizandoel laringoscopio rígido de 70º y el nasofibroscopioflexible. Son útiles para detectar anomalías estructurales,se acoplan al mismo sistema de visualización y noprecisan anestesia tópica ni sedación de los pacientes.Presentamos 3 pacientes diagnosticados de vía aéreadifícil, a los que se les realizó en la consulta de valoraciónpreanestésica una laringoscopia con el laringoscopiorígido. Se observó en el primero la falta de epiglotis,en el segundo una deformidad epiglótica y en el tercerouna hipertrofia de la base de la lengua, anormalidadesque impedían la visión de la glotis. Se les practicó unalaringoscopia con el nasofibroscopio flexible que permitióobservar la glotis sin obstáculos. La visión completade la vía aérea facilitó la elección del método de intubación(AU)


Indirect inspection of the airway using a 70° rigidlaryngoscope plus a flexible nasal fiberoptic scope canprovide additional information when the anesthesiologistforesees that airway management will be difficult. Thesedevices are useful for detecting structural abnormalities,they can be attached to the same visualization system, andthey do not require topical anesthesia or sedation of thepatient. We report on 3 patients diagnosed with difficultairway. Inspection with a rigid laryngoscope during thepreanesthetic assessment visit revealed abnormalities thatprevented visualization of the glottis. In the first case, theepiglottis was absent, as it had been removed with asurrounding tumor; in the second and third cases, anepiglottic deformity and hypertrophy of the base of thetongue were found. A flexible nasal fiberoptic scope gavean unobstructed view of the glottis in these cases, makingit easier to choose an intubation method(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Laryngoscopes , Epiglottis/abnormalities , Laryngoscopy , Anesthesia, General , Risk Factors , Intubation/instrumentation , Intubation , Laryngoscopes/classification , Laryngoscopes/trends
3.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 55(5): 271-276, mayo 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-59134

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Determinar la capacidad del índice biespectral(BIS) como predictor de amnesia anterógrada para loseventos que ocurren desde la llegada a quirófano de lospacientes hasta la inducción anestésica, después de premedicarloscon 10 mg de midazolam intranasal.PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Pacientes intervenidos paracualquier intervención quirúrgica programada con anestesiageneral, después de monitorizarlos con el índice biespectraly administrarles 10 mg de midazolam por víaintranasal. Se observó el BIS hasta que empezó a bajar demanera continua y mantenida por debajo del valor de 90,se anotó el tiempo transcurrido y se les trasladó a quirófano.Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a seis maniobrasrutinarias antes de la inducción. Finalizada la intervenciónse les interrogó sobre los recuerdos de las maniobras realizadas.Se estudiaron los valores de sensibilidad, especificidady valores predictivos; para obtener la cifra de BISque presenta una mejor combinación de sensibilidad yespecificidad, se trazó una curva ROC.RESULTADOS: Incluímos 55 pacientes, el tiempo mediotranscurrido en descender el valor de BIS fue 5,93 ± 2,93minutos. La sensibilidad total de la prueba es de 0,96 y laespecificidad de 0,60, el valor predictivo positivo de 0,91 yel valor predictivo negativo de 0,75. El valor global de laprueba es del 89,1%. El mejor valor de corte de la curvaROC es 83.CONCLUSIONES: La disminución del BIS por debajo delvalor de 90 se puede usar como predictor de amnesia anterógradatras la administración de 10 mg de midazolamintranasal (AU)


OBJETIVE: To determine the ability of the bispectralindex (BIS) to predict anterograde amnesia for eventsoccurring between the arrival of patients in the operatingtheater and anesthetic induction, following premedicationwith 10 mg of intranasal midazolam.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We enrolled patients scheduledfor any type of surgery under general anesthesia. Patientswere first monitored using the BIS and administered 10mg of intranasal midazolam. The BIS was monitored untilit began to fall steadily and remained below a value of 90;the elapsed time was recorded and the patient was takento the theater. All patients underwent 6 routine maneuversbefore induction. After surgery, patients were asked abouttheir memory of the maneuvers performed. Sensitivity,specificity, and predictive values were studied to obtain theBIS value that provided the best combination of sensitivityand specificity, and a receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was drawn.RESULTS: We enrolled 55 patients. The mean (SD) timetaken for the BIS value to fall was 5.93 (2.93) minutes. Thesensitivity of the test was 0.96 and specificity was 0.60. Thepositive predictive value was 0.91 and the negativepredictive value was 0.75. The test classified 89.1% of thepatients correctly. The ROC curve showed the best cutoffto be 83.CONCLUSIONS: A fall in the BIS to below 90 can be usedas a predictor for anterograde amnesia followingadministration of 10 mg of intranasal midazolam (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Midazolam/adverse effects , Amnesia, Anterograde/chemically induced , Spectrum Analysis/methods , Anesthesia/methods , Preoperative Care , Administration, Intranasal , Risk Factors
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