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1.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet ; 33(2): e019723, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38896756

ABSTRACT

Ctenocephalides felis felis is a relevant and widely distributed ectoparasite that acts as a vector of disease-causing pathogens. Moreover, it is responsible for economic losses due the use of harmful chemicals to the environment and that favor the emergence of insecticide-resistant populations. Research on entomopathogenic nematodes may open up an alternative route to the insect chemical control. The present study aimed to evaluate the killing efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HP88) against C. felis larvae in 400 µL, 600 µL and 1000 µL of suspension containing 120, 160 and 200 infective juveniles/larva and 600 µL of suspension containing the same concentrations of Heterorhabditis indica (LPP30), divided into two groups (absence and presence of diet) and a control group with three replications containing only distilled water. In the bioassay with H. bacteriophora, the groups in 600 µL of suspension showed higher mortality rates than those in the other tested volumes, which were above 80% at all concentrations. On the other hand, H. indica achieved mortality rates above 70% at all concentrations used. Results indicate that flea larvae are susceptible to in vitro infection by H. bacteriophora and H. indica.


Subject(s)
Ctenocephalides , Larva , Animals , Larva/growth & development , Ctenocephalides/growth & development , Pest Control, Biological , Nematoda
2.
Braz J Vet Med ; 46: e000424, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38623462

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate the virulence of Heterorhabditis amazonenses NEPT11 against larvae of Stomoxys calcitrans. Groups of 10 third-instar fly larvae were deposited in Petri dishes, to which were added 50, 100 and 200 EPNs/larva in 4ml of distilled water. The volume of the control group was the same as the treated group, but without EPNs. Larval mortality was observed daily, until larvae died or adults emerged. The Petri dishes were kept on laboratory shelves at 27 ± 1 °C and 70 ± 10% RH. The experiment was replicated six times. A regression analysis revealed quadratic behavior with increasing concentrations, indicating that the concentration of 200 EPNs/larva (48%) was the most efficient among the tested concentrations, while concentrations of 50 and 100 EPNs/larva killed 26.6 and 40% of larvae, respectively. In general, none of the treatments resulted in a mortality rate of more than 50%, but all the treated groups exhibited a higher mortality than that of the control group. It is concluded that the EPN H. amazonensis NEPT11 shows a promising potential to control third-instar larvae of S. calcitrans. However, further studies are needed in different situations to better understand the activity of this organism against the immature stages of the stable fly.


Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ação do NEP Heterorhabditis amazonenses NEPT11 frente larvas de S. calcitrans. Grupos de 10 larvas de terceiro instar da mosca foram depositados em placas de Petri, em seguida, adicionou-se 50, 100, 200, 300 e 400 NEPs/larva em 4ml de água destilada. O volume do grupo controle foi o mesmo dos tratados, porém sem NEPs. A mortalidade das larvas foi observada diariamente, até a morte das larvas ou emergência de adultos. As placas foram mantidas em estantes de laboratório a 27 ± 1 °C e 70 ± 10% UR. O experimento teve seis repetições. Por meio da análise de regressão, foi observado comportamento quadrático com o aumento das concentrações, sendo a concentração de 200 NEPs/larva (48%) a de maior eficiência entre as concentrações testadas, já as concentrações de 50 e 100 NEPs/larva mataram 26,6 e 40% das larvas, respectivamente. De modo geral, nenhum tratamento proporcionou mortalidade superior a 50%, todavia, todos os grupos tratados apresentaram mortalidade superior à observada no controle. Conclui-se que H. amazonenses NEPT11 mostrou-se promissor no controle de larvas de terceiro instar de S. calcitrans, porém mais estudos devem ser feitos para o melhor entendimento da ação deste organismo frente aos estágios imaturos da mosca-dos-estábulos.

3.
Braz J Vet Med ; 45: e002123, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37859866

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the EPN Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88 on Stmoxys. calcitrans larvae in sugarcane bagasse ash. Groups of 10 stable fly larvae were placed in Petri dishes containing filter paper and bagasse ash. Concentrations of 50, 150 and 250 EPNs/larva of S. calcitrans in four milliliters of distilled water were added to each plate. In the control group contained only distilled water, without EPNs. The bioassay had three replications and was maintained at 27 ± 1°C and 70-80% relative humidity. It was observed that mortality rate in all treated groups was significantly higher than in the control group (26,6%). The mortality rate in the presence of 50 EPNs/larva (46,6%) was lower than in 150 EPNs/larva (76,3%), which in turn was lower than 250 EPNs/larva group (93,3%). It was verified by analysis of variance and regression that there was a linear pattern of mortality, that is, the higher the EPNs/larva concentration, the higher the larval mortality. It was concluded that EPN H. bacteriophora HP88 was capable of infecting and causing mortality of stable fly larvae in sugarcane bagasse ash.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do NEP Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88 sobre larvas de Stomoxys calcitrans em cinzas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar. Grupos de 10 larvas da mosca dos estábulos foram depositadas em placas de Petri contendo papel filtro e cinzas. Foram adicionadas concentrações de 50, 150 e 250 NEPs/larva de S. calcitrans em cada placa. No grupo controle não havia NEPs, somente água destilada. O bioensaio teve três repetições e foi mantido em 27 ± 1°C e 70-80% de umidade relativa. Observou-se que a mortalidade em todos os grupos tratados foi significativamente superior à do grupo controle (26,6%). A taxa de mortalidade na presença de 50 NEPs/larva (46,6%) foi menor do que em 150 NEPs/larva (76,3%), que por sua vez foi menor do que no grupo 250 NEPs/larva (93,3%). Verificou-se pela análise de variância e de regressão que houve um padrão linear de mortalidade, ou seja, quanto maior a concentração de NEPs/larva, maior a mortalidade larval. Conclui-se que o NEP H. bacteriophora HP88 foi capaz de infectar e causar mortalidade das larvas da mosca dos estábulos em cinza de bagaço de cana e que aparentemente este subproduto não interfere negativamente na ação deste NEP.

4.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 17(6): e0011383, 2023 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37276237

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Leprosy is caused by multiple interactions between Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and the host's peripheral nerve cells. M. leprae primarily invades Schwann cells, causing nerve damage and consequent development of disabilities. Despite its long history, the pathophysiological mechanisms of nerve damage in the lepromatous pole of leprosy remain poorly understood. This study used the findings of 18F-FDG PET/CT on the peripheral nerves of eight lepromatous patients to evaluate the degree of glucose uptake by peripheral nerves and compared them with clinical, electrophysiological, and histopathological evaluations. METHODS: Eight patients with lepromatous leprosy were included in this study. Six patients were evaluated up to three months after leprosy diagnosis using neurological examination, nerve conduction study, 18F-FDG PET/CT, and nerve biopsy. Two others were evaluated during an episode of acute neuritis, with clinical, neurophysiological, and PET-CT examinations to compare the images with the first six. RESULTS: Initially, six patients already had signs of peripheral nerve injury, regardless of symptoms; however, they did not present with signs of neuritis, and there was little or no uptake of 18F-FDG in the clinically and electrophysiologically affected nerves. Two patients with signs of acute neuritis had 18F-FDG uptake in the affected nerves. CONCLUSIONS: 18F-FDG uptake correlates with clinical neuritis in lepromatous leprosy patients but not in silent neuritis patients. 18F-FDG PET-CT could be a useful tool to confirm neuritis, especially in cases that are difficult to diagnose, such as for the differential diagnosis between a new episode of neuritis and chronic neuropathy.


Subject(s)
Leprosy, Lepromatous , Leprosy , Neuritis , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases , Humans , Leprosy, Lepromatous/pathology , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Leprosy/microbiology , Mycobacterium leprae , Neuritis/diagnosis , Neuritis/microbiology , Neuritis/pathology , Inflammation , Glucose
5.
Curr Protein Pept Sci ; 24(5): 365-379, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37018532

ABSTRACT

Ion channels play critical roles in generating and propagating action potentials and in neurotransmitter release at a subset of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Dysfunction of these channels has been linked to various health conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases and chronic pain. Neurodegeneration is one of the underlying causes of a range of neurological pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral ischemia, brain injury, and retinal ischemia. Pain is a symptom that can serve as an index of the severity and activity of a disease condition, a prognostic indicator, and a criterion of treatment efficacy. Neurological disorders and pain are conditions that undeniably impact a patient's survival, health, and quality of life, with possible financial consequences. Venoms are the best-known natural source of ion channel modulators. Venom peptides are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic tools due to their high selectivity and potency gained through millions of years of evolutionary selection pressure. Spiders have been evolving complex and diverse repertoires of peptides in their venoms with vast pharmacological activities for more than 300 million years. These include peptides that potently and selectively modulate a range of targets, such as enzymes, receptors, and ion channels. Thus, components of spider venoms hold considerable capacity as drug candidates for alleviating or reducing neurodegeneration and pain. This review aims to summarize what is known about spider toxins acting upon ion channels, providing neuroprotective and analgesic effects.


Subject(s)
Analgesia , Spider Venoms , Spiders , Animals , Spider Venoms/pharmacology , Neuroprotection , Quality of Life , Ion Channels , Peptides/pharmacology , Peptides/therapeutic use , Pain/drug therapy
6.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1528273

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Mapear as produções científicas sobre as estratégias preventivas utilizadas pelos serviços de saúde no enfrentamento da Covid-19 na população indígena do continente americano no período de 2019 a 2022. Material e Método: Revisão de escopo, realizada nas bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, WOS e Science Direct. Seguindo os critérios estabelecidos pela estratégia do mnemônico PCC, utilizaram-se descritores controlados e não controlados. Foram incluídos estudos primários, relatos de experiências, revisões de literatura, perspectivas, reflexões e editoriais, publicados no período dezembro de 2019 a março de 2022, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Foram identificados nas estratégias de buscas 237 estudos e, a partir da leitura dos textos na íntegra, seis artigos foram selecionados para esta revisão. A exploração dos estudos publicados nos periódicos internacional e nacional, permitiram o mapeamento das estratégias preventivas utilizadas pelos serviços de saúde e pelas comunidades indígenas, que incluíram isolamento nas aldeias, remoção de pacientes, tratamento de doenças não relacionadas a Covid-19 nas aldeias, compra de equipamentos de proteção individual, educação em saúde com materiais linguisticamente apropriados e apoio financeiro. Também houve estudos que apresentavam possíveis sugestões para a prevenção e o combate à Covid-19. Conclusão: As estratégias preventivas tinham a finalidade de conter a disseminação desta doença infectocontagiosa nas comunidades indígenas, mas também observou-se uma escassez de estratégias no âmbito da enfermagem que atuem de acordo com as especificidades culturais desses povos originários.


Objective: To map the scientific production on the preventive strategies used by health services to combat Covid-19 in the indigenous population of the American continent from 2019 to 2022. Materials and Methods: Scoping review carried out in the databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, WOS and Science Direct. Controlled and non-controlled descriptors were used following the criteria established by the PCC mnemonic strategy. Primary studies, experience reports, literature reviews, perspectives, reflections and editorials, published between December 2019 and March 2022, in Portuguese, English and Spanish were included. Results: 237 studies were identified in the search strategies, and after reading the full texts, six articles were selected for this review. The exploration of studies published in international and national journals allowed the mapping of preventive strategies used by health services and indigenous communities, which included isolation in the villages, transfer of patients, treatment of diseases not related to Covid-19 in the villages, purchase of personal protective equipment, health education with linguistically appropriate materials and financial support. There were also studies that presented possible suggestions for preventing and combating Covid-19. Conclusion: The preventive strategies were intended to contain the spread of this infectious disease in indigenous communities, but there was also a lack of strategies in the nursing field that respond to the cultural specificities of the indigenous population.


Objetivo: Mapear la producción científica sobre las estrategias preventivas utilizadas por los servicios de salud para el abordaje del Covid-19 en la población indígena del continente americano entre los años 2019 y 2022. Material y Método: Revisión de alcance realizada en las bases de datos: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, WOS y Science Direct. Siguiendo los criterios establecidos por la estrategia mnemotécnica PCC, se utilizaron descriptores controlados y no controlados. Se incluyeron estudios primarios, informes de experiencias, revisiones bibliográficas, perspectivas, reflexiones y editoriales, publicados entre diciembre de 2019 y marzo de 2022, en portugués, inglés y español. Resultados: Se identificaron 237 estudios en las estrategias de búsqueda, y después de leer los textos completos, se seleccionaron seis artículos para esta revisión. La exploración de estudios publicados en revistas internacionales y nacionales permitió mapear las estrategias preventivas utilizadas por los servicios de salud y las comunidades indígenas, que incluían el aislamiento en las aldeas, el traslado de pacientes, el tratamiento de enfermedades no relacionadas con el Covid-19 en las aldeas, la compra de equipos de protección personal, la educación sanitaria con materiales lingüísticamente apropiados y el apoyo financiero. También hubo estudios que presentaban posibles sugerencias para prevenir y combatir el Covid-19. Conclusión: Las estrategias preventivas tuvieron como objetivo contener la propagación de esta enfermedad infecciosa en las comunidades indígenas, pero también se pudo observar la falta de estrategias en el campo de la enfermería que actúen de acuerdo con las especificidades culturales de la población indígena.

9.
Front Immunol ; 13: 795815, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35493505

ABSTRACT

In the present work, we developed and evaluated the performance of a new flow cytometry-based single platform, referred to as "FC-Duplex IgG1 (HTLV-1/2)", for universal and differential serodiagnosis of HTLV-1/2 infection. The proposed technology employs a system for detection of IgG1 antibodies in a single competitive immunofluorescence platform by flow cytometry using fluorescently labeled MT-2/MoT cell line mix coupled to a highly sensitive development system (Biotin/Streptavidin/Phycoerythrin). The stability of fluorescent labeling and the antigenicity of MT-2 and MoT cell lines were confirmed upon storage at -20°C for 2, 6, and 12 months. The anti-HTLV-1/2 IgG1 reactivity, expressed as percentage of positive fluorescent cells (PPFC), was evaluated for each target antigen along the titration curve of test serum samples (1:32 to 1:4,096). Upon selection of target cell line and serum dilutions with higher segregation score between groups, the performance of "FIX" and "FIX & PERM" protocols was evaluated. The "FIX" protocol presented excellent performance indices (Se = 92%/Sp = 94%/AUC = 0.96; Se = 96%/Sp = 100%/AUC = 0.99) for the universal (HTLV-1/2 vs. NI) and differential (HTLV-1 vs. HTLV-2) diagnosis of HTLV-1 infection, respectively. Optimization of the "FIX" protocol using the principle of synchronous and asynchronous pairwise analysis further improved the performance of "FC-Duplex IgG1 (HTLV-1/2)", using the "FIX" protocol for differential diagnosis of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections (Se = 100%/Sp = 100%/AUC = 1.00). In conclusion, the "FC-Duplex IgG1 (HTLV-1/2)" method represents an innovation in the biotechnology segment with the potential to compose a serological kit for differential diagnosis of HTLV-1/2 infection for reference laboratories and blood centers.


Subject(s)
HTLV-I Infections , Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 , Flow Cytometry/methods , HTLV-I Infections/diagnosis , Humans , Immunoglobulin G , Serologic Tests
10.
REME rev. min. enferm ; 26: e1426, abr.2022. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1387066

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever as causas de hospitalização de crianças menores de cinco anos e os fatores associados às internações evitáveis em município brasileiro de tríplice fronteira. Método: estudo transversal, de morbidade hospitalar, com coleta de dados em prontuários, no hospital público de referência para atendimento pediátrico em município de tríplice fronteira entre Brasil, Paraguai e Argentina, no período de maio de 2017 a abril de 2018. As hospitalizações foram classificadas em evitáveis e não evitáveis. As variáveis independentes foram: diagnóstico médico; sexo; idade; período de internação; desfecho e país de residência. Foram estimadas as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada pelo modelo de regressão log-binomial para verificar a associação entre a variável dependente, internações evitáveis e as variáveis independentes. Resultados: ocorreram 758 hospitalizações, sendo 45,1% consideradas evitáveis. As principais causas de internação foram as doenças do aparelho respiratório (42,8%), o grupo de causas indefinidas (13,8%) e as doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (10%). As hospitalizações evitáveis estiveram associadas à faixa etária menor de um ano, mais tempo de internação e com o desfecho "alta para casa". Conclusão: as internações evitáveis foram responsáveis por quase metade das hospitalizações, em sua maioria por doenças do aparelho respiratório, sendo associadas a menores de um ano, mais tempo de hospitalização e melhor desfecho. Esses achados sugerem a necessidade de fortalecer as ações da atenção primária à saúde por meio de adequado investimento financeiro para reduzir as hospitalizações desnecessárias.


RESUMEN Objetivo: describir las causas de hospitalización de niños menores de cinco años y los factores asociados a hospitalizaciones evitables en una ciudad brasileña de la triple frontera. Método: estudio transversal de morbilidad hospitalaria, con recolección de datos de historias clínicas, en un hospital público de referencia para la atención pediátrica en una ciudad de la triple frontera entre Brasil, Paraguay y Argentina, de mayo de 2017 a abril de 2018. Las hospitalizaciones fueron clasificadas en evitable y no evitable. Las variables independientes fueron: diagnóstico médico; sexo; edad; período de hospitalización; resultado y país de residencia. Las razones de prevalencia brutas y ajustadas se estimaron mediante el modelo de regresión log-binomial para verificar la asociación entre la variable dependiente, las hospitalizaciones evitables y las variables independientes. Resultados: hubo 758 hospitalizaciones, de las cuales el 45,1% se consideraron evitables. Las principales causas de hospitalización fueron las enfermedades del aparato respiratorio (42,8%), el grupo de causas indefinidas (13,8%) y las enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias (10%). Las hospitalizaciones evitables se asociaron con tener menos de un año, estar más tiempo hospitalizado y con el resultado "alta domiciliaria". Conclusión: las hospitalizaciones evitables representaron casi la mitad de las hospitalizaciones, en su mayoría por enfermedades respiratorias, estando asociadas a menores de un año, mayor estancia hospitalaria y mejor evolución. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de fortalecer las acciones de atención primaria de salud a través de una adecuada inversión financiera para reducir las hospitalizaciones innecesarias.


ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the causes of hospitalization of children under five years old and the factors associated with avoidable hospitalizations in a Brazilian municipality of the triple border. Method: a cross-sectional study of hospital morbidity, with data collection in medical records, conducted at the public hospital of reference for pediatric care in a municipality of the triple border between Brazil, Paraguai and Argentina, from May 2017 to April 2018. The hospitalizations were classified as avoidable and non-avoidable. The independent variables were as follows: medical diagnosis; gender; age; hospitalization period; outcome and country of residence. The ratios of non-adjusted prevalence and adjusted by the log-binomial regression model were estimated to verify the association between the dependent variable, avoidable hospitalizations, and the independent variables. Results: there were 758 hospitalizations, 45.1% of which were considered avoidable. The main causes of hospitalization were diseases of the respiratory system (42.8%), the group of undefined causes (13.8%) and infectious and parasitic diseases (10%). The avoidable hospitalizations were associated with the age group of less than one year old, with longer hospitalization time and with the "discharge to home" outcome. Conclusion: the avoidable hospitalizations were responsible for almost half of the hospitalizations, mostly due to respiratory diseases, being associated with less than one year old, longer hospitalization time and better outcome. These findings suggest the need to strengthen the Primary Health Care actions through adequate financial investment to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Parasitic Diseases/epidemiology , Primary Health Care , Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology , Morbidity , Border Areas , Unified Health System , Child Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
11.
In. Soeiro, Alexandre de Matos; Leal, Tatiana de Carvalho Andreucci Torres; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas; Gualandro, Danielle Menosi; Oliveira Junior, Múcio Tavares de; Caramelli, Bruno; Kalil Filho, Roberto. Manual da residência em cardiologia / Manual residence in cardiology. Santana de Parnaíba, Manole, 2 ed; 2022. p.298-302, ilus, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1352326
12.
Surg Neurol Int ; 10: 140, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31528475

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm typically located in the abdomen or pelvis. Other possible locations are the chest, pleura, scrotum, and central nervous system. DSRCT originally arising from the brachial plexus (BP) is extremely rare, to the best of our knowledge, only two cases have been previously described in the English scientific literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present one new case of DSRCT arising from the left BP, the first in this location with rapid progression and in a female patient. We also highlight the importance of multimodal therapy, which included resection and both adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the lesion are detailed, as well as the patient's status at 56-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: For primary BP DSRCT, aggressive subtotal resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy can be satisfactory for disease control and for maintaining or improving the neurological status.

13.
Bioorg Med Chem ; 26(21): 5742-5750, 2018 11 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30389409

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretes two protein tyrosine phosphatases as virulence factors, PtpA and PtpB. Inhibition studies of these enzymes have shown significant attenuation of the M. tuberculosis growth in vivo. As PtpA mediates many effects on the regulation of host signaling ensuring the intracellular survival of the bacterium we report, for the first time, thiosemicarbazones as potential novel class of PtpA inhibitors. Several compounds were synthesized and biologically evaluated, revealing interesting results. Enzyme kinetic assays showed that compounds 5, 9 and 18 are non-competitive inhibitors of PtpA, with Ki values ranging from 1.2 to 5.6 µM. Modeling studies clarified the structure-activity relationships observed in vitro and indicated a possible allosteric binding site in PtpA structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first disclosure of potent non-competitive inhibitors of PtpA with great potential for future studies and development of analogues.


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/antagonists & inhibitors , Thiosemicarbazones/pharmacology , Antitubercular Agents/chemical synthesis , Antitubercular Agents/chemistry , Bacterial Proteins/chemistry , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Kinetics , Molecular Docking Simulation , Molecular Structure , Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/chemistry , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thiosemicarbazones/chemical synthesis , Thiosemicarbazones/chemistry
14.
Rev. enferm. UFPE on line ; 10(8): 2790-2800, ago. 2016. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1371770

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: identificar as principais dificuldades das famílias/cuidadores no enfrentamento da condição crônica infantil. Método: estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 22 cuidadores de crianças portadoras de doenças crônicas residentes em municípios do Agreste Pernambucano. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas individuais com roteiro semiestruturado e analisados pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: as principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos cuidadores foram referentes às mudanças na rotina impostas pela doença e incluem atenção redobrada à criança e sobrecarga da cuidadora. Para ajudar no enfrentamento e manter acesa a esperança em relação ao futuro, as cuidadoras contam com o apoio social, principalmente, o familiar. Conclusão: torna-se imprescindível conhecer as dificuldades vivenciadas pelas cuidadoras para a criação de estratégias que auxiliem no enfrentamento da condição crônica na infância.(AU)


Objective: to identify the main difficulties of families/caregivers of coping with children's chronic condition. Method: descriptive and exploratory study with qualitative approach, conducted with 22 caregivers of children affected by chronic diseases living in municipalities of the rural arid zone of Pernambuco State. Data were produced through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed with the content analysis technique. Results: the main difficulties faced by caregivers were related to changes in routine imposed by the disease and include increased attention to the child and the caregiver burden. To help in coping with the situation and keeping the hope for the future, caregivers rely on social support, especially from the family. Conclusion: it is essential to know the difficulties experienced by caregivers in order to create strategies that help in coping with the chronic condition in childhood.(AU)


Objetivo: identificar las principales dificultades de las familias/cuidadores en el enfrentamiento de la condición crónica infantil. Método: estudio descriptivo y exploratorio, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado con 22 cuidadores de niños portadores de enfermedades crónicas residentes en municipios del Agreste Pernambucano. Los datos fueron producidos a partir de entrevistas individuales con guía semi-estructurada y analizados por la técnica de Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: las principales dificultades enfrentadas por los cuidadores fueron referentes a los cambios en la rutina impuestas por la enfermedad e incluyen atención redoblada al niño y sobrecarga de la cuidadora. Para ayudar en el enfrentamiento y mantener asesa la esperanza en relación al futuro, las cuidadoras cuentan con el apoyo social, principalmente por el familiar. Conclusión: se torna imprescindible conocer las dificultades vividas por las cuidadoras para crear estrategias que auxilien en el enfrentamiento de la condición crónica en la infancia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adaptation, Psychological , Family , Child , Child Health , Chronic Disease , Caregivers , Social Support , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Qualitative Research
15.
Femina ; 36(1): 25-29, jan. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-493987

ABSTRACT

As lesões intra-epiteliais escamosas do colo do útero são comprovadamente precursoras do carcinoma invasivo cervical. Sua identificação precoce é de grande importância na terapêutica e prognóstico das pacientes. Vários exames são utilizados na avaliação dessas lesões, dentre eles destaca-se o exame citológico. Portanto, recomendam-se a padronização dos métodos de coleta de amostra citológica, coloração das lâminas e liberação de laudos laboratoriais para o clínico. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar, de acordo com a literatura atual e padronizações vigentes, os métodos mais indicados para coleta de material citológico, coloração da amostras e liberação dos laudos citopatológicos.


Subject(s)
Female , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Colposcopy , Cervix Uteri/cytology , Vaginal Smears/methods , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Cytological Techniques/methods , Staining and Labeling/methods
16.
Psicol. pesq ; 1(2): 32-40, dez. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-49200

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo procurou investigar se a reprodução escrita de um texto conhecido facilitaria o desempenho ortográfico de crianças da 1ª e 2ª séries do ensino fundamental. Foram analisadas as histórias escritas em dois contextos de produção textual: a reprodução escrita de histórias e a escrita livre. Os dados foram analisados em função da freqüência e do tipo de transgressões ortográficas realizadas pelas crianças. Os resultados mostram que o contexto de reprodução escrita de histórias não influenciou o desempenho ortográfico das crianças em termos do número de transgressões realizadas. Embora a escolaridade fosse o fator que mais influenciou o desempenho ortográfico das crianças, a natureza de algumas transgressões ortográficas mostrou-se sensível à diferença entre os contextos.(AU)


The present study aimed to investigate whether written reproduction of a known text would make it easier the orthographic performance of first and second graders of primary Education. Written stories were analysed in two contexts of text production: written reproduction of stories or free style writing. The data was analysed as a function of frequency and type of orthographic transgression made by the children. Although schooling were the factor that most influenced the children, the nature of some orthographic transgressions made by the children showed to be sensitive to context differences.(AU)

17.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2006. 96 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | Index Psychology - Theses | ID: pte-34645

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo procura investigar se a reprodução escrita de um texto conhecido pode facilitar o desempenho ortográfico de crianças da 1ª e 2ª série do ensino fundamental. Para isso foram analisadas as histórias escritas de crianças em dois contextos diferentes de produção textual: a reprodução escrita de histórias e a escrita livre. O texto tomado como base para a reprodução escrita foi o conto 'Chapeuzinho Vermelho'. Os dados foram analisados de duas formas: análise da freqüência de erros ortográficos e análise do tipo de erro cometido pelas crianças. Participaram 55 crianças cursando a 1ª e 2ª séries do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados indicaram que o contexto de reprodução escrita de histórias não influenciou o desempenho ortográfico das crianças das séries iniciais em termos do número médio de erros apresentados. Embora a escolaridade fosse o fator que mais influenciou o desempenho ortográfico das crianças, observou-se que a natureza dos erros ortográficos cometidos pelas crianças em cada série mostrou-se sensível à diferença entre os contextos (AU)

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