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1.
Rev Neurol ; 44(6): 326-33, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17385167

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: During the last two decades neurosciences have approached to the study of specific language impairment (SLI), and have contributed to define of the diagnostic profile of this pathology. AIM: To determine the main markers and neurocognitive characteristics of children with SLI in a sample of Spanish children in order to replicate the data obtained in other languages. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The performance of 37 Spanish-speaking children in nine tests (continuous performance task with and without previous warning, pattern comparison, digit-symbol association, time estimation, memory exploration, pattern memory, spatial memory and card sorting) designed to evaluate 17 markers was analyzed. Results were compared with those obtained in a control group of 5-12-age-year-old children matched to SLI children in age and school level was recruited. RESULTS: SLI children's performance was significatively lower than their controls in 11 out the 17 markers of attention, codification, memory and executive function. CONCLUSION: In general, these data confirm previous cognitive studies with SLI children in different languages. In addition, a discriminant analysis showed two markers (sustained attention and executive function in processes of categorization) allow to efficiently discriminating (77% of the cases) between control and SLI children. The results obtained in this study contribute to shed light on the SLI's neurocognitive structure and provide some strategies for its diagnosis assessment.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Linguagem , Atenção/fisiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cognição/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Idioma , Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Transtornos da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Linguagem/fisiopatologia , Testes de Linguagem , Masculino , Memória/fisiologia , Instituições Acadêmicas , Espanha
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 44(6): 326-333, mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054497

RESUMO

Introducción. Desde hace más de dos décadas, las neurociencias han abordado el estudio del trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL). Han contribuido así a la definición del perfil diagnóstico de esta patología. Objetivo. Determinar los principales indicadores y características neurocognitivas del TEL en una muestra de niños españoles a fin de replicar los datos obtenidos en investigaciones con niños de otros idiomas. Sujetos y métodos. Se estudió a 37 niños hispanoparlantes con este trastorno mediante nueve tareas (ejecución continua con y sin aviso previo, comparación de patrones, asociación de dígitos y símbolos, estimación de tiempo, exploración de la memoria, recuerdo de patrones, memoria espacial y clasificación de cartas), que evaluaron un total de 17 marcadores. Los resultados se compararon con los de un grupo control de niños de 5 a 12 años emparejados con los niños con TEL según la edad y el nivel escolar. Resultados. Los niños con TEL presentaron un rendimiento significativamente más bajo en 11 de los 17 marcadores evaluados. Conclusión. En general, estos datos sugieren limitaciones del TEL en la atención, la codificación, la memoria y la función ejecutiva y confirman estudios previos realizados con niños de otros idiomas. Además, un análisis discriminante mostró que dos de los marcadores (atención sostenida y función ejecutiva en procesos de categorización) eran suficientes para discriminar muy eficazmente (el 77% de los casos) entre sujetos con TEL y sujetos normales. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo contribuyen a explicar la estructura neurocognitiva del TEL y aportan algunas estrategias para su evaluación diagnóstica


INTRODUCTION. During the last two decades neurosciences have approached to the study of specific language impairment (SLI), and have contributed to define of the diagnostic profile of this pathology. AIM. To determine the main markers and neurocognitive characteristics of children with SLI in a sample of Spanish children in order to replicate the data obtained in other languages. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. The performance of 37 Spanish-speaking children in nine tests (continuous performance task with and without previous warning, pattern comparison, digit-symbol association, time estimation, memory exploration, pattern memory, spatial memory and card sorting) designed to evaluate 17 markers was analyzed. Results were compared with those obtained in a control group of 5-12-age-year-old children matched to SLI children in age and school level was recruited. RESULTS. SLI children’s performance was significatively lower than their controls in 11 out the 17 markers of attention, codification, memory and executive function. CONCLUSION. In general, these data confirm previous cognitive studies with SLI children in different languages. In addition, a discriminant analysis showed two markers (sustained attention and executive function in processes of categorization) allow to efficiently discriminating (77% of the cases) between control and SLI children. The results obtained in this study contribute to shed light on the SLI’s neurocognitive structure and provide some strategies for its diagnosis assessment


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Humanos , Transtornos da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Linguagem/fisiopatologia , Atenção/fisiologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Idioma , Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Memória/fisiologia , Espanha , Testes de Linguagem , Instituições Acadêmicas
3.
Rev. logop. foniatr. audiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 24(4): 142-155, ene. 2004. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37273

RESUMO

Este trabajo presenta los resultados obtenidos al estudiar 41 niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL) mediante 27 tareas y procedimientos basados en herramientas clásicas en la evaluación de la patología del lenguaje. El objetivo consistió en determinar los principales indicadores psicolingüísticos que caracterizan a los TEL. Para el análisis estadístico de las diferencias intersujeto se utilizó un grupo control de niños de primaria (5-12 años), emparejados con los TEL según edad y nivel escolar. Los TEL resultaron significativamente peores en 25 de los tests evaluados. En general, estos datos confirman lo hallado en otros trabajos en diferentes idiomas. Por otra parte, un análisis discriminante muestra que con sólo dos tests (repetición de secuencias de sonidos y definiciones) se explica el 54 por ciento de la varianza de los grupos estudiados. En nuestra opinión, los resultados presentados ayudan a esclarecer en gran medida la estructura psicolingüística subyacente a los TEL y aporta ideas sobre su evaluación en screening (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Psicolinguística/métodos , Transtornos da Linguagem/psicologia , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Testes de Linguagem
4.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 52(6): 476-82, 2001.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11692962

RESUMO

A study of the objective evaluation of voice was made of 100 voices of healthy adults and 60 with disphonia (nodules and polyps). A laryngostroboscopy and an acoustic analysis was made to everyone. A sustained vowel "a" was carried out and digitalized with Dr. Speech Science software. These parameters were estimated: fundamental frequency (Fo, according to gender), Jitter, Shimmer and glottic noise (NNE, HNR, SNR). In the healthy group Fo was 139.72 in men and 267.33 in women, jitter 0.24 and shimmer 2.10. In disphonic patients (nodules) Fo was 126.96 in men and 240.72 in women, jitter 0.35 and shimmer 3.25. In disphonic patients (polyps) Fo was 119.75 in men and 218.26 in women, jitter 0.50 and shimmer 4.34. These difference were statistically significant. Glottic Noise in healthy group was: NNE -13.62, HNR 24.07 and SNR 24.49; in disphonic patients (nodules) was: NNE -10.65, HNR 25.21 and SNR 25.55; in disphonic patients (polyps) was: NNE -8.24, HNR 29.63 and SNR 28.22. Only the difference in the NNE was statistically significant. We highlight the importance of objective evaluation of voice disorders.


Assuntos
Doenças da Boca/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Bucais/fisiopatologia , Pólipos/fisiopatologia , Distúrbios da Voz/fisiopatologia , Qualidade da Voz , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças da Boca/complicações , Doenças da Boca/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/complicações , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Pólipos/complicações , Pólipos/patologia , Prevalência , Distúrbios da Voz/epidemiologia , Distúrbios da Voz/etiologia
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