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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(6): 657-662, dic. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388896

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción El uso de concentrados plaquetarios para el tratamiento de heridas complejas y regeneración tisular está siendo ampliamente utilizado a nivel mundial. Durante el último tiempo, la segunda generación de concentrados plaquetarios, particularmente el L-PRF, ha permitido tratar de manera efectiva a pacientes con esta patología. Debido a su bajo costo y versatilidad, ha sido posible aplicar esta técnica en variadas situaciones clínicas con buenos resultados. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia utilizando L-PRF para la curación de heridas complejas (CHC) como una alternativa al uso de injertos de distinto grado de complejidad. Materiales y Método: Se realizó un análisis prospectivo de una serie de casos de pacientes que fueron sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico de heridas complejas mediante el uso de L-PRF en el Hospital Santiago Oriente - Luis Tisné Brousse, entre los meses de enero de 2017 y diciembre de 2018. Mediante examen clínico y parámetros de inclusión, de éxito y de fracaso definidos previamente, se evaluó un total de 11 pacientes con heridas complejas a los cuales se les realizó un tratamiento local con injerto de L-PRF. Resultados: _La etiología de las heridas fue variada. 8 (72%) de los casos lograron una epitelización del 100% y 3 (28%) fracasaron. Se identificaron factores predisponentes para el fracaso de la técnica, y también fue posible establecer una relación de predicción de éxito en donde se relaciona una probabilidad alta de epitelización cuando la granulación de la herida ocurre durante los primeros 10 días sobre el injerto de L-PRF. Conclusión: El tratamiento de heridas complejas mediante L-PRF es una alternativa factible, de bajo costo y requerimientos (comparada con el uso de injertos, colgajos y sustitutos dérmicos), es segura en la resolución de heridas complejas, permitiendo disminuir la morbilidad, los costos asociados al tratamiento y estadía hospitalaria.


Introduction: The use of platelet concentrates for the treatment of complex wounds and tissue regenera-tion is being widely used worldwide. During the last time, the second generation of platelet concentrates, particularly L-PRF, has made it possible to effectively treat patients with this pathology. Due to its low cost and versatility, it has been possible to apply this technique in various clinical situations with good results. The objective of this work is to present our experience using L-PRF for the healing of complex wounds (HCC) as an alternative to the use of grafts of different degrees of complexity. Materials and Method: A prospective analysis was carried out with a series of cases who underwent surgical treatment of complex wounds using L-PRF at Santiago Oriente - Luis Tisné Brousse Hospital, between the months of January 2017 and December 2018. Through clinical examination and previously defined inclusion, success, and failure parameters, a total of 11 patients with complex wounds were evaluated who underwent local treatment with an L-PRF graft. Results: The etiology of the wounds was varied. 8 (72%) of the cases achieved 100% epithelialization and 3 (28%) failed. Predisposing factors for the failure of the technique were identified, and it was also possible to establish a predictive relationship of success where a high probability of epithelialization is related when the granulation of the wound occurs during the first 10 days on the L-PRF graft. Conclusion: The treatment of complex wounds using L-PRF is a feasible alternative, with low cost and requirements (compared to the use of grafts, flaps and dermal substitutes) and safe in the resolution of complex wounds, allowing to reduce morbidity, the costs associated with treatment and hospital stay.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Regenerative Medicine/methods , Platelet-Rich Fibrin/metabolism , Leg Ulcer/therapy , Leukocytes/metabolism , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Leg Ulcer/pathology
2.
Ludovica pediátr ; 24(1): 34-39, Ene-Jun 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, Redbvs, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1293221

ABSTRACT

La inmunodeficiencia común variable (IDCV) es una inmunodeficiencia primaria caracterizada por hipogammaglobulinemia de comienzo tardío, que se manifiesta principalmente con infecciones recurrentes Objetivo: describir las manifestaciones clínicas iniciales de pacientes con IDCV diagnosticados en el Hospital de Niños Sor Maria Ludovica entre 1981 y 2019.Diecinueve pacientes fueron incluidos. Todos los pacientes tenían historia de infecciones recurrentes, siendo las más frecuentemente observadas la neumonía (74%) y la otitis media (42%).Se documentó diarrea crónica en 9 pacientes (47%), con malabsorción asociada en 6 de ellos. El 32% de los pacientes presentó desnutrición severa y uno de ellos metaplasia gástrica. Un paciente presentó esplenomegalia y otro síndrome de Evans.Bronquiectasias fueron observadas en el 42% de los pacientes al diagnóstico.Conocer las manifestaciones clínicas iniciales de la IDCV es fundamental para el diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno


Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by late onset hypogammaglobulinemia, that can manifest as recurrent infections, autoimmunity, digestive disorders and granulomatous disease. Objectives: to describe the initial clinical findings of patients with CVID diagnosed at Hospital de NiñosSorMariaLudovica, between 1981 and 2019. 19 patients were included, 14 were male (74%). All Patients Had a history of recurrent infections, most frequently pneumonia (74%) and acute otitis media (42%). 9 patients suffered from chronic diarrhea (47%), with associated malabsorption in 6 of them. Thirty-two presented with severe malnutrition and 1 patient with gastric metaplasia. One Patient Had Splenomegaly and 1 had Evans´ syndrome. Bronchiectasis were found in 42% of patients at the time of diagnosis. Early suspicion of CVID from pediatricians is essential in order to arrive at a proper diagnosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adult , Respiratory Tract Infections , Bronchiectasis , Common Variable Immunodeficiency , gamma-Globulins
3.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 31(1): 11-24, 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1102451

ABSTRACT

Visual rehabilitation in people with irreversible Low Vision (LV) aims to optimize the use of remaining vision to execute visual tasks. Conventional rehabilitation exploits the visual potential through training using the remaining visual function, with or without visual aids, to improve performance on specific tasks. However, there is no consensus about the impact of this approach in the long term and on the quality of life of patients. On the other hand, visual neuro-rehabilitation has long-term advantages that can be complementary to conventional strategies and is based on the generation of scotoma awareness and training in the systematic use of extrafoveal regions for fixation and for use as oculomotor reference. These regions called preferred retinal loci (PRL) are established spontaneously in the peripheral retina that still retain visual function and constitute evidence of a high degree of plasticity of the visual system. There is wide evidence of the efficacy of visual neuro-rehabilitation strategies on performance in specific visual tasks, but their impact on the overall visual performance and quality of life of patients is still pending. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Vision, Low/rehabilitation , Vision, Low/therapy , Neuronal Plasticity , Vision Disorders/rehabilitation
4.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 79(4): 465-472, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058724

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El trauma laríngeo constituye un grupo de lesiones infrecuentes, pero de gran importancia clínica dada su alta morbimortalidad. Requiere un alto nivel de sospecha, puesto que muchas de estas lesiones pueden pasar desapercibidas en la evaluación inicial. Se debe sospechar en todo paciente que se presenta con traumatismo cervical y síntomas que van desde la disfonía y el dolor cervical anterior, a la disnea e incluso el compromiso respiratorio severo por obstrucción de la vía aérea. El abordaje de estos pacientes debe iniciar con la evaluación de la vía aérea y asegurar su estabilidad, para luego enfocarse en el diagnóstico y manejo específico de las lesiones. Presentamos a continuación una revisión bibliográfica en cuanto a los mecanismos de trauma, presentación clínica, diagnóstico, clasificación y manejo.


ABSTRACT The laryngeal trauma constitutes a group of infrequent lesions, but with great clinical importance, given its high morbidity and mortality. It requires a high level of suspicion, since many of these injuries may go unnoticed at the initial evaluation. It should be suspected in every patient presenting with cervical trauma and symptoms ranging from dysphonia and anterior cervical pain, to dyspnea or even severe respiratory distress, due to obstruction of the airway. The approach of these patients should begin with the evaluation of the airway and ensure its stability, to then focus on the diagnosis and specific management of the lesions. We present an updated literature review regarding the mechanisms of trauma, clinical presentation, diagnosis, classification and management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroid Cartilage/injuries , Larynx/injuries , Wounds and Injuries , Fractures, Bone/mortality , Fractures, Bone/therapy , Larynx/surgery , Larynx/diagnostic imaging
5.
Rehabil. integral (Impr.) ; 14(1): 8-15, jul. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015950

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los trastornos de la alimentación y deglución (TAD) acompañan frecuentemente a la parálisis cerebral (PC). Su diagnóstico oportuno previene numerosas complicaciones. La evaluación clínica es el primer acercamiento a los TAD, pero resulta insuficiente para identificar situaciones de riesgo (penetración laríngea o aspiración). Para ello, es necesaria una evaluación instrumental como la videofluoroscopía (VFC). Objetivo: Describir y cuantificar los hallazgos de VFC en un grupo de niños con PC, entre 3 años y 6 años 11 meses, GMFCS I-V. Pacientes y Métodos: Se practicó una VFC a 50 pacientes con PC, previa determinación del nivel Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) e inexistencia de contraindicaciones para dicho examen. Además, se determinaron signos de incompetencia e inseguridad deglutoria, consistencias toleradas y requerimientos de posicionamiento, para facilitar el procedimiento. Resultados: Población predominantemente masculina, edad promedio de 5 años, 78% GMFCS III-V. Hasta el 94% tuvo una o más alteraciones videofluoroscópicas en alguna etapa del examen. El 28% no presentó capacidad de masticación, siendo todos GMFCS V. En eficacia deglutoria la alteración más frecuente fue el residuo vallecular (86%). En seguridad deglutoria fue el derrame posterior en la fase oral (68%). El 26% tuvo aspiración traqueal silente. En la fase esofágica, el 30% presentó tránsito esofágico lento y el 8% reflujo gastroesofágico. Conclusión: La VFC identificó alteraciones potencialmente riesgosas en todos los niveles GMFCS en niños portadores de PC, algunas de ellas silentes, incluso en casos de compromiso motor leve.


Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is frequently accompanied by feeding and swallowing disorders (FSD). An early diagnosis of FSD prevents numerous complications. Clinical assessment stands as the first approach to FSD, although it is insufficient to identify risk factors (laryngeal penetration and aspiration). For this purpose, a videofluoroscopic (VFC) evaluation is required. Objective: To describe and quantify VFC findings in a group of children with CP, aged 3 to 6 years, GMFCS I to V. Patients and Methods: 50 patients underwent a VFC after their Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) level was determined and no contraindications for the exam were identified. In addition, the researchers conducted an assessment to establish the presence of signs of unsafe and incompetent swallowing, food consistency tolerance, and mealtime positioning requirements, in order to allow a more comfortable VFC procedure. Results: There was male predominance, average age of 5 years, 78% GMFCS III-V. Up to 94% had one or more VFC alterations at some point of the exam. 28% had no chewing ability, being all the cases GMFCS V. Considering the deglutition efficacy, the commonest alteration was residue in the vallecula (86%), while the most frequent for swallowing safety was posterior spillage in the oral phase (68%). 26% presented silent tracheal aspiration. In the esophageal phase the findings were poor esophageal transit (30%) and gastroesophageal reflux (8%). Conclusions: VFC identified potentially risks in every GMFCS level of children with CP. Some of the VFC alterations are silent, even in mild motor impairment cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Fluoroscopy/methods , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Video Recording , Severity of Illness Index , Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology
6.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 78(3): 314-317, set. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-978819

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Los trastornos del olfato son frecuentes, aunque la anosmia e hiposmia son síntomas poco referidos, suelen afectar de forma importante la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Las causas de anosmia pueden ser adquiridas o congénitas, y la prevalencia de anosmia congénita aislada en la población general se estima en 1:10.000. En estos casos, la anosmia es el único síntoma referido por el paciente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 23 años, sin antecedentes mórbidos de importancia, diagnosticado con anosmia congénita aislada. La historia y evaluación clínica, evaluación neuroendocrinológica, y el uso de la resonancia magnética de cerebro permitió establecer el diagnóstico final.


ABSTRACT Disorders of olfaction are common, however, anosmia and hyposmia are not frequently self-reported, and these symptoms can lead to a significant impairment in quality of life. Causes of anosmia can be acquired or congenital, and the prevalence of isolated congenital anosmia is estimated to be 1:10000 in the general population. In these cases, anosmia is the only symptom referred by the patient. We hereby present the case of a 23-year-old male patient, with no prior medical history, diagnosed with isolated congenital anosmia. The findings from the medical history and physical examination, neuroendocrine evaluation, and the use of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain helped reach a final diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Anosmia/diagnostic imaging , Olfaction Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Anosmia/congenital , Olfaction Disorders/congenital
7.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 29(1): 9-15, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1116687

ABSTRACT

Background: Atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) are stages that appear in the process of gastric carcinogenesis. Their presence requires programmed endoscopic vigilance. Objectives: To determine the frequency of AG and IM in gastric biopsies (GB) taken according to Sydney Protocol and to correlate them with endoscopic findings. Methods: Retrospective descriptive analysis of 233 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies with GB per Sydney Protocol. OLGA (Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment) and OLGIM (Operative Link for Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Assessment) scores were calculated based on the GB description. Endoscopic findings were analyzed for atypical findings and compared to the GB report. Statistic analysis for Kappa and ANOVA was performed via Stata 12. Results: Mean age of patients was 58 ± 12 years. 69% were women. The frequency of AG and IM was 44% and 33% in the antrum, 31% and 20% in the angular incisure and 14% and 9% in the body, respectively. AG and IM were more frequent in the antrum (p < 0.05). AG and IM were more severe in the angular incisure and body (p < 0.05). We were unable to calculate OLGA and OLGIM in 6% and 9% of cases, respectively, due to absence of severity description in GB. 53% were OLGA 0, 42% OLGA I-II and 5% OLGA III-IV. 70% were OLGIM 0, 25% OLGIM I-II and 5% OLGIM III-IV. Agreement between endoscopic and histological findings was best for IM in the antrum (75.5%, Kappa 0.4). Sensitivity and specificity of endoscopic findings were 39% and 70% for AG, and 30% and 85% for IM, respectively. Conclusion: AG and IM are frequent findings in our patients. Due to the low endoscopic sensitivity for AG and IM, we suggest a systematic GB sampling using Sydney Protocol in patients over 40 years old.


Introducción: La gastritis crónica atrófica (GCA) y la metaplasia intestinal (MI) son etapas en el proceso de carcinogénesis gástrica, su presencia requiere control endoscópico programado. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de GCA y MI en biopsias gástricas (BG) por protocolo de Sydney y relacionarlas con el hallazgo endoscópico. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo mediante revisión de 233 endoscopias digestivas altas con BG por Protocolo Sydney. Se graduó puntaje OLGA (Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment) y OLGIM (Operative Link for Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Assessment) según la descripción de la BG. Se definió el hallazgo endoscópico según su informe y se comparó con BG como patrón de referencia. Estadística: Stata 12 para Kappa y ANOVA. Resultados: Edad promedio 58 ± 12 años, 69% mujeres. La frecuencia de GCA y MI en antro fue de 44 y 33%, en ángulo 31 y 20% y en cuerpo 14 y 9%, respectivamente. Hubo mayor frecuencia de GCA y MI en antro (p < 0,05). La graduación de GCA y MI fue mayor en ángulo y cuerpo (p < 0,05). No se obtuvo OLGA en 6% y OLGIM en 9% por ausencia de graduación. La frecuencia de OLGA 0 fue de 53%, OLGA I-II 42%, OLGA III-IV 5%, OLGIM O 70%, OLGIM I-II 25% y OLGIM III-IV 5%. La mejor correlación se observó entre la MI antral endoscópica con la histológica (75,5%, Kappa 0,4). La sensibilidad y especificidad endoscópica fue de 39 y 70% para GCA y 30 y 85% para MI. Conclusión: GCA y MI son hallazgos frecuentes en nuestros pacientes. Por la baja sensibilidad endoscópica en la identificación de GCA y MI sugerimos la toma sistemática de BG por protocolo de Sydney en pacientes mayores de 40 años.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis , Precancerous Conditions/epidemiology , Gastritis, Atrophic/diagnosis , Gastritis, Atrophic/epidemiology , Metaplasia/diagnosis , Metaplasia/epidemiology , Precancerous Conditions/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Chile/epidemiology , Clinical Protocols , Mass Screening/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Analysis of Variance , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Sensitivity and Specificity , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Gastritis, Atrophic/pathology , Metaplasia/pathology
8.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 28(3): 181-188, 20170000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-970216

ABSTRACT

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disease that causes chronic and bilateral granulomatous panuveitis, usually described in adults. Objectives: To describe manifestations and complications of VKH in pediatric patients. Methods: Retrospectivedescriptive study upon patients <14 years-old with VKH, attended from January 1985 to July 2010 in three different centers. Results: A total of 17 patients (34 eyes) were studied; 9 (53%) female. The mean age was 10.8 years-old. Among extraocular manifestations; neurological (71%), dermatological (29%) and auditive (24%) signs were observed. Ocular findings included optic-disc involvement (94%), anterior uveitis (79%), choroiditis (77%), serous retinal detachment (71%) and vitritis (71%). Initial visual acuity (VA) was ≤0.05 in 47% of cases and ≥0.6 in 12% of patients. 71% presented complications: glaucoma (20 eyes), sinechiae (10 eyes), maculopathy (6 eyes) cataract (5 eyes) and ptisis bulbi (1 eyes). 35% received only corticosteroids and 65% inmunosupressive drugs. After treatment, 6% had VA ≤0.05 and 59% ≥0.6. Ten patients (59%) recurred: 30% compromising posterior pole, and 50% recurred >3 times. Conclusions: VKH in children is infrequent. It presents with optic-disc involvement and complications of posterior pole. It requires a high degree of suspicion, quick evaluation and early treatment, which include inmunosupressive and extended corticosteroid therapy. Nevertheless, a high rate of recurrence is seen among this group of patients. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/diagnosis , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/therapy , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/complications , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/epidemiology
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(9): 1144-1149, set. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-830623

ABSTRACT

Background: Some rural non-Caucasian ethnic groups have genetic protective factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. Studies performed in Mapuche and Aymara ethnic groups in Chile, found significantly lower prevalence rates. Aymaras are the second most common ethnic population in Chile. Aim: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a native Aymara ethnic population. Material and Methods: We studied 276 native Aymara people with a median age of 53 years (63% women), registered in the rural clinics of Camiña and Putre. The frequency of hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity and smoking were determined. Results: The frequency of overweight and obesity was 38% and 38.4% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and DM2 were 18.5% and 6.9% respectively. Thirty-five percent had elevated total cholesterol, 21% had high LDL cholesterol, 48% had low HDL cholesterol and 45.7% had high triglyceride levels. Two percent smoked. Conclusions: In this group of Aymara individuals, we found a markedly lower prevalence of hypertension and DM2, despite the high prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Indians, South American/ethnology , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology
10.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 76(2): 184-192, ago. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-793964

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La granulomatosis con poliangeítis (GPA) es una enfermedad autoinmune con múltiples manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas. La estenosis subglótica (ESG) se reporta entre 8%-50% de los pacientes. Objetivo: Describir la presentación clínica y tratamiento de la ESG en pacientes con GPA. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes atendidos en el Departamento de Otorrinolaringología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile entre 2011 y 2015 con diagnóstico de GPA y ESG. Resultados: Diez pacientes (90% mujeres) con edad promedio al diagnóstico de 44,6 años. Los síntomas fueron: disnea (9/10), disfonía (6/10) y estridor (5/10). En el 80%, la ESG fue la presentación inicial de la GPA. El 90% presentó GPA localizada y 10% GPA sistémica. El 60% presentó anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos (ANCA) negativo. Todos los pacientes recibieron glucocorticoides sistémicos, asociados a inmunosupresores y/o anticuerpos monoclonales. Una paciente requirió traqueostomía y dos pacientes han requerido dilatación endoscópica con balón asociado a inyección local de metilprednisolona. Conclusiones: La ESG puede ser la única manifestación de GPA. Los síntomas inespecíficos y la alta probabilidad de presentar ANCA negativo hacen difícil el diagnóstico. El manejo debe ser individualizado y multidisciplinario. La mayoría de nuestros pacientes pudieron ser manejados adecuadamente con tratamiento médico.


Introduction: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an autoimmune disease that presents with multiple ENT manifestations. Subglottic stenosis (SGS) has been reported in 8-50% of the patients. Aim: To describe the clinical presentation and treatment of SGS in patients with GPA. Material and method: Retrospective review of clinical data from all patients consulting in the Otolaryngology department at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile from 2011 to 2015 with SGS and GPA diagnosis. Results: Ten patients (90% female) with average age at diagnosis of44.6 years. The symptoms were: dyspnea (9/10), dysphonia (6/10) and stridor (5/10). SGS was the initial presenting manifestation of GPA in 80% of patients. GPA was localized in 90% and systemic in 10% of patients, and anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were negative in 60% of patients. Systemic glucocorticoids were used in every patient, associated with immunosuppressants and/or monoclonal antibodies. One patient required tracheostomy and 2 patients were treated with endoscopic balloon dilation associated with local methylprednisolone injection. Conclusions: SGS can be GPA’s initial or unique manifestation. Diagnosis is hindered due to the unspecificity ofsymptoms and the high probability of presenting with negative ANCA. Individualized and multidisciplinary treatment is required. Most patients were treated pharmacologically with an adequate response in our series.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/complications , Laryngostenosis/diagnosis , Laryngostenosis/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/diagnosis , Laryngostenosis/therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic
11.
Rehabil. integral (Impr.) ; 11(1): 25-32, jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869325

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is frequently accompanied by other cooccurring clinical conditions (CCC). Feeding and swallowing disorders (FSD) are a common problem among CP population and tend to be more complex when associated to certain CCC. Objective: To quantify the frequency of CCC in a group of children with CP and FSD, of both genders, GMFCS I to V, between the age of 3 to 6 years. Patients and Methods: 49 patients diagnosed with CP and FSD underwent 5 assessments: 1) physiatric evaluation; 2) Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS); 3) Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS); 4) videofluoroscopic swallowing study; and 5) sensory processing test.Results: All 49 patients had at least one of the CCC usually present in CP, with an average of 3,8 (from 1 to 6). All GFMCS and EDACS levels were affected, including mild ones. Some of the CCC showed high frequencies: intellectual disability (ID) (83,7 percent), sensory processing disorder (SPD) (75,5 percent), sialorrhea (71,4 percent), malnutrition (67,4 percent), altered alertness (67,4 percent) and constipation (61,2 percent).There was a high frequency of association between CCC. In more than 50 percent of the cases, the association of ID with most of the other conditions was the commonest.Conclusions: Children diagnosed with CP and FSD present with multiple CCC able to worsen their prognosis. All GMFCS and EDACS levels are affected. ID is the most frequent CCC, being also the most associated with the others.


Introducción: La Parálisis Cerebral (PC) cursa junto a numerosas condiciones clínicas acompañantes (CCA), destacando los trastornos de la alimentación y deglución (TAD). En PC numerosas CCA pueden interactuar con los TAD y complicarlos. Objetivo: Cuantificar la frecuencia de determinadas CCA en niños con PC, GMFCS I a V, de 3 a 6 años, portadores de TAD. Pacientes y Métodos: 49 pacientes con PC y TAD fueron sometidos a 5 evaluaciones: 1) valoración fisiátrica; 2) Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS); 3) Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS); 4) videofluoroscopía (VFC); y 5) pauta de integración sensorial. Resultados: Todos los pacientes con PC y TAD presentaron alguna de las CCA consideradas, con un promedio de 3,8 por niño (rango 1-6), afectando a todos los niveles GMFCS y EDACS, incluidos los leves. Algunas tuvieron elevada frecuencia: déficit cognitivo (DC) (83,7 por ciento), trastorno de la integración sensorial (TIS) (75,5 por ciento), sialorrea (71,4 por ciento), desnutrición (67,4 por ciento), alerta alterada (67,4 por ciento) y constipación (61,2 por ciento). Hubo una alta frecuencia de asociación de CCA, siendo más común la asociación de DC con varias de las otras condiciones, en más del 50 por ciento de los casos. Conclusiones: Los niños con PC y TAD cursan con CCA múltiples que complican su cuadro clínico. Todos los niveles GMFCS y EDACS se ven afectados. El DC es la condición más frecuente y muestra más asociación con las otras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/complications , Feeding and Eating Disorders/physiopathology , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Disability Evaluation , Deglutition/physiology , Fluoroscopy/methods , Eating/physiology , Severity of Illness Index
12.
Rehabil. integral (Impr.) ; 11(1): 15-24, jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869327

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Feeding and swallowing disorders (FSD) are common among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and have a high potential for morbidity related complications and death. Objective: To determine presence, severity and characteristics of FSD in a group of children with CP, of both genders, GMFCS I to V, between 3 and 6 years. Patients and Methods: 50 patients underwent 4 assessments: 1) description of clinical characteristics of CP; 2) clinical swallowing evaluation; 3) videofluoroscopic swallowing study; and 4) determination of presence and severity of FSD. Results: There was male predominance, with an average age of 5 years, 78 percent GMFCS III to V. Bilateral motor involvement, mixed motor symptoms and signs, and hypotonic axial muscles predominated. The presence of a FSD was high, either considered in general (98 percent of children) or considered only for solid food (98 percent) or liquids (96 percent). In all cases, FSD was most common in children with more motor involvement. All swallowing phases were affected in different proportions, especially with solid food. Recognizing normal cases from affected ones is best when using several assessing tools (5 percent of children were normal when Campora scale was used, 1 percent according to EDACS and 5 percent using videofluoroscopy).The perception of FSD was reduced in both the caregiver and the medical team. Conclusions: FSD are frequent in CP. All GMFCS levels can be affected, especially those including more motor involvement. Swallowing phases were all altered, mainly pre-oral stage for solid food. Complementing several assessing tools seems to be the best way when approaching to CP children with FSD.


Introducción: Los trastornos de la alimentación y deglución (TAD) son frecuentes en niños con Parálisis Cerebral (PC), mostrando elevados potenciales de morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Establecer la presencia, severidad y características de los TAD, en un grupo de niños y niñas con PC, GMFCS I a V, entre 3 años y 6 años. Pacientes y Métodos: 50 pacientes seleccionados fueron sometidos a 4 evaluaciones: 1) características clínicas de la PC; 2) valoración de la deglución; 3) videofluoroscopía; y 4) determinación de presencia y severidad del TAD. Resultados: Población predominantemente masculina, con edad promedio de 5 años, 78 por ciento GMFCS III a V. Predominaron la topografía bilateral, la semiología motora mixta y el hipotono axial. La presencia de TAD fue muy alta, considerada en general (98 por ciento de los casos), o sólo para sólidos (98 por ciento) o líquidos (96 por ciento), siendo más frecuente a mayor compromiso motor. Todas las fases deglutorias estuvieron alteradas en diversa proporción, especialmente con sólidos. Hubo diferencias en la detección de casos normales y alterados al aplicar distintos métodos evaluativos (5 por ciento de niños normales según escala de Campora, 1 por ciento por EDACS y 5 por ciento por videofluoroscopía).La sospecha de TAD estuvo reducida en cuidadores y profesionales rehabilitadores. Conclusiones: Los TAD son frecuentes en PC. Todos los niveles GMFCS pueden estar afectados, con más frecuencia los de mayor compromiso motor. Todas las fases deglutorias aparecen comprometidas, sobretodo la preoral para sólidos. El complemento de herramientas de evaluación parece ser lo ideal al enfrentar un paciente con TAD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Severity of Illness Index , Feeding and Eating Disorders/physiopathology , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Deglutition/physiology , Fluoroscopy , Eating/physiology , Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology
13.
Rev. chil. cir ; 65(1): 20-24, feb. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665549

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The definitive diagnosis of parathyroid cancer is extremely difficult, from the clinical approach to the molecular diagnosis. A gene mutation was detected recently in patients with parathyroid cancer. It is a suppressor tumor gene called HRPT2, which codifies for a protein that participates in PAF1 complex, the parafibromin. It has been observed that the expression of this protein it's altered in parathyroid cancer, what would serve like method of diagnosis by immunohystochemistry, with a sensitivity and specificity of 73-96 percent and 99-100 percent respectively. Material and Method: The anti-parafibromin immunohysto-chemistry staining was made in 23 parathyroids tissue samples (5 adenomas, 6 hyperplasia, 7 normal and 5 carcinomas). Results: A positive pattern is observed in almost 100 percent of benign pathology and 100 percent in normal tissue. In the cases of carcinoma only 2 of 5 had a strong positivity. Conclusions: The pathological clinical correlation does not allow the association of the loss of parafibromin immunoreactivity in some unequivocal cases of parathyroid cancer. The parafibromin immunostaining does not allow to discriminate between benign or malign pathologies.


Introducción: El diagnóstico definitivo de cáncer de paratiroides es extremadamente difícil, desde el acercamiento clínico hasta el diagnóstico molecular. Se detectó recientemente en pacientes con cáncer de paratirodes un gen supresor de tumor mutado (HRPT2), que codifica para una proteína que participa en el complejo PAF1, la parafibromina. Se ha observado que la expresión de esta proteína está alterada en los casos de cáncer de paratiroides, lo que serviría como método de diagnóstico por inmunohistoquímica, con una sensibilidad y especificidad de 73-96 por ciento y 99-100 por ciento, respectivamente. Material y Método: Se realizó tinción inmunohistoquímica anti parafibromina en 23 muestras de tejido paratiroideo (5 adenomas, 6 hiper-plasias, 7 normales y 5 carcinomas). Resultados: Se observa un patrón positivo fuerte en casi 100 por ciento de la patología benigna y 100 por ciento en tejido normal. En los casos de carcinoma sólo 2 de 5 tenían positividad fuerte. Conclusiones: La correlación clínico patológica no permite asociar la pérdida de tinción de parafibromina en algunos casos de cáncer inequívocos. La tinción de parafibromina no permite discriminar entre patología benigna y maligna.


Subject(s)
Humans , Parathyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tumor Suppressor Proteins , Adenoma/diagnosis , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Hyperplasia/diagnosis , Immunohistochemistry , Parathyroid Neoplasms/pathology
17.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 140(4): 499-502, abr. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-643220

ABSTRACT

Background: Systemic amyloidosis is a rare disease that can affect any organ. Its clinical manifestations are varied and nonspecific. The skin involvement of this disease is common and can be easily recognized on physical examination. We report a 57-year-old male presenting with a two years history of malaise, dyspnea and myalgias. On physical examination, ungueal dystrophy, orange pigmentation of eyelids with periocular petechiae and mild macroglossia were observed. Incisional biopsies of the eyelids, cheeks and hands were obtained. The pathological study demonstrated amyloid deposits. Since protein electrophoresis was normal, the diagnosis of AA amyloidosis was postulated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Amyloidosis/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Biopsy
18.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 29(1): 14-18, feb. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627209

ABSTRACT

Introduction: There is no consensus on the most appropriate duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis (single or multiple dose) in clean-contaminated maxillofacial surgery. Objective: To determine whether short-term antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective compared to long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infection in clean-contaminated maxillofacial surgery. Patients and Methods: The cohort study included 527 patients. We compared the incidence of surgical site infection in two groups. One group received short-term antibiotic prophylaxis (single dose) and the other group, long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis (multiple dose). Results: The single dose group showed 5.7% of postoperative infections and the multiple-dose group, 5.9%, with an odds ratio of 0.96 (95% CI 0.44 to 2.10) p = 0.9214. Conclusion: No significant differences were found between the infection incidences in the single dose antibiotic prophylaxis group compared with the use of multiple doses.


Introducción: No existe consenso sobre la duración de la profilaxis antimicrobiana más adecuada (dosis única o múltiple) en cirugía maxilofacial limpia-contaminada. Objetivo: Determinar si en cirugía maxilofacial mayor limpia-contaminada el uso de profilaxis antimicrobiana de corta duración es efectivo comparado con una de larga duración en la prevención de la infección del sitio quirúrgico. Pacientes y Método: Estudio de cohorte en 527 pacientes. Se comparó la incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico en dos grupos. Un grupo recibió profilaxis antimicrobiana de corta duración (dosis única) y el otro grupo, profilaxis antimicrobiana de larga duración (dosis múltiple). Resultados: El grupo con dosis única presentó 5,7% de infecciones postoperatorias y el de dosis múltiple, 5,9%, con un odd ratio de 0,96 (IC95% 0,44-2,10) p = 0,9214. Conclusiones: No se encontraron diferencias significativas de infección entre la administración de profilaxis antimicrobiana en dosis única comparado con el uso de dosis múltiple.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Oral Surgical Procedures , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Cohort Studies , Drug Administration Schedule , Retrospective Studies
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