Factors Affecting Suicidal Ideation in Multicultural Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Happiness

Purpose@#The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the mediating effect of happiness in the relationship between internet addiction, depression and suicidal ideation among adolescents from multicultural families. @*Methods@#1,065 adolescents from multicultural families who participated in the 16th (2020) Adolescent Health Behavior Survey were selected as the final subjects for the study, and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. @*Results@#There was a fully mediating effect of happiness in the relationship between internet addiction and suicidal ideation of the adolescents from multicultural families (F=6.65, p<.001). There was a partial mediating effect of happiness in the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation of the adolescents from multicultural families (F=10.01, p<.001). @*Conclusion@#To mitigate the suicidal ideation of adolescents from multicultural families, it is necessary to develop and apply a positive psychological treatment program that enhances happiness for adolescents from multicultural families who are experiencing internet addiction and depression.

The Effect of Mother’s Self-esteem, Acculturation Stress and Children’s Perceived Parenting Attitude on Self-esteem of Multicultural Adolescents: An Application of the Family Stress Model

Purpose@#This study was conducted to develop a predictive model for self-esteem of adolescents in multicultural families. The study was based on the theory of family stress model and literature review. @*Methods@#This study used some of the data from the 1st year (2011) to the 6th year (2016) of the ‘Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS)'.Data analysis was conducted for 1,208 children and 1,208 mothers from the data of the 4th MAPS (2014), which was the first year of the middle school students. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-WIN Version 20.0 and AMOS Version 20.0. @*Results@#The factors that have influence on the self-esteem of multicultural adolescents are mother’s parenting attitude and mother’s self-esteem. The explanatory power of these variables was 14%. @*Conclusion@#To increase the self-esteem of multicultural adolescents, a program that can positively change the self-esteem and parenting attitudes of multicultural mothers should be developed, and various social supports should be provided for multicultural mothers.

Factors Influencing Compassion Fatigue among Hospice and Palliative Care Unit Nurses / 한국호스피스완화의료학회지

Purpose@#This descriptive study aimed to explore nursing workplace spirituality, end-oflife care stress, and resilience as factors influencing compassion fatigue among nurses working in hospice and palliative care units. @*Methods@#Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire completed by 146 nurses at 14 hospice and palliative care institutions across South Korea who had worked in a hospice and palliative care institution for at least 6 months and had experience providing end-of-life care. Data were collected from February 25, 2019 to April 12, 2019, and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 18.0. As appropriate, descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were used. @*Results@#The survey results showed that factors influencing compassion fatigue were resilience, subjective health status, current satisfaction with the hospice ward, and end-of-life care stress. Higher levels of resilience, a subjective health status of “healthy”, high levels of current satisfaction with the hospice ward, and lower levels of end-of-life care stress were associated with lower levels of compassion fatigue, explaining 42.9% of the total variance. @*Conclusion@#The results of this study suggest that resilience is an important factor mitigating compassion fatigue among nurses at hospice and palliative care institutions. Therefore, intervention programs should be developed to reduce compassion fatigue.

Factors influencing the quality of nursing care as perceived by mothers of hospitalized children in South Korea

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the quality of nursing care as perceived by mothers of hospitalized children and provide basic data for the development of nursing care quality improvement programs. @*Methods@#The participants consisted of 167 mothers, each of whom had a child hospitalized at a specific children's hospital. Data were collected from June 22 to August 8, 2019. @*Results@#The factors that affected how mothers perceived the quality of nursing care were the communication ability of nurses (β=.44, p<.001) and the mother-nurse partnership (β=.33, p=.001). The total explanatory power of these factors was 54.1%. @*Conclusion@#To improve the quality of pediatric nursing care, it is necessary to improve the communication abilities of nurses and to promote partnership between nurses and the mothers of hospitalized children.

Effect of Nursing Organizational Culture, Organizational Health, and Job Crafting on Intent to Stay among Registered Nurses / 간호행정학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of nursing organizational culture, organizational health, and job crafting on intent to stay among registered nurses. Methods: A cross sectional study design was used in this study. The participants were 210 nurses working at three hospitals in B city, South Korea. Data were collected from March 2 to 31 2018. A self-report questionnaire was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analyses with the IBM/SPSS 25.0 for Window Program. @*Results@#Factors affecting intent to stay among registered nurses included relation oriented culture of nursing organization (β=.17, p=.029), organizational health (β=.16, p=.043), job crafting (β=.17, p=.031), and age(β= .25,p<.001), and these variables explained 25.0% of intent to stay (F=17.37, p<.001). @*Conclusion@#These findings show that there is a correlation between relation oriented culture of nursing organizational culture, organizational health, job crafting, and intent to stay among registered nurses. In order to increase nurses’ retention, it is important to establish a relation oriented culture in the nursing organization and to improve organizational health. Also, more attention should be paid to create positive job crafting to increase nurses’ intent to stay.

Structural Equation Modeling of Job Engagement in Pediatric Nurses Based on the Job Crafting Model

Purpose@#The goal of this study was to construct a structural equation model of job engagement in pediatric nurses based on Tims and Bakker's job crafting model. @*Methods@#In total, 203 pediatric nurses participated in this study, which was conducted to analyze the relationships among the concepts of job demands, job resources, person-job fit, job crafting and job engagement. Data were collected from July 24 to August 30, 2017, and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 21.0. @*Results@#The hypothetical model appeared to fit the data. Six of the nine hypotheses selected for the hypothetical model were statistically significant. The job engagement model showed significant direct effects for job crafting, person-job fit and job resources, which collectively explained 61.5% of the variation in pediatric nurses' job engagement. @*Conclusion@#Based on the findings of this study, a strategy will be needed to improve job resources and person-job fit in order to promote job engagement among pediatric nurses. Job crafting was affected by the factors of job resources and person-job fit, which should be addressed in job crafting promotion programs.

Effects of Breast-Feeding Adaptation and Quality of Sleep on Postpartum Depression in Puerperal Women

PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide preliminary data for a nursing intervention plan for puerperal women to reduce postpartum depression by investigating factors that affect depressive disorder during the puerperal period. METHODS: A total of 153 pregnant women were recruited from a university hospital in Gimhae city in Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. RESULTS: Mothers' quality of sleep, breast-feeding confidence, discomfort with breastfeeding, depressive feeling during pregnancy, and baby's feeding capability and growth were significant predictors of postpartum depression. These variables explained 36.1% of the variance in postpartum depression in puerperal women. CONCLUSION: The aforementioned results indicate that puerperal women are less likely to experience postpartum depression when their quality of sleep is higher, breast-feeding confidence is higher, discomfort with breast-feeding is lower, when they did not feel depressed during pregnancy, and when baby's feeding capability and growth is better. Therefore, to decrease puerperal women's depression, a nursing intervention program and a research study to verify the effects of the program are necessary to increase mother's sleep quality and breast-feeding adaptation and prevent depression during pregnancy.

Influencing Factors on Infant Mothers' Happiness

PURPOSE@#This study aimed to provide preliminary data for a nursing intervention plan to promote happiness of mothers with infants. Therefore, factors affecting happiness of mothers with infants were investigated.@*METHODS@#Subjects were 142 mothers with children aged 1 to 3 years, in daycare centers and kindergartens located in Busan metropolitan city. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires.@*RESULTS@#Pressures pertaining to the parental role and distress related to subfactors of parenting stress, leisure activity (among subfactors of fathers' involvement in parenting), and marital satisfaction were significant predictors of happiness for mothers with infants. These variables explained 47.6% of the differences in happiness of mothers with infants.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on the above results, mothers with infants are happier when pressure and distress from parenting decrease and leisure activities resulting from fathers' involvement in parenting and marital satisfaction increase. Therefore, to increase the happiness of mothers with infants, the development of a nursing intervention program is necessary. Specific goals of the program should include promoting leisure activity (as fathers become more involved in parenting), decreasing distress from parenting, and improving marital satisfaction levels.

Factors Associated with the Choices of Local Hospitals among New Graduate Nurses / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with new graduate nurses' choices of local hospitals. METHODS: Participants were 526 new graduate nurses from one of five universities located in Busan, Ulsan or Gyeongnam. The new graduates completed a self-report questionnaire survey during February and March, 2016. The questionnaire included questions about choices of local hospitals, satisfaction with nursing major, nursing professionalism and anticipated nursing practice environment. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with the new graduate nurses' choices of local hospitals. RESULTS: Of the participants, 86.3% had their first jobs in their nursing school region (local hospitals). The choice of local hospitals among new graduate nurses was related to region of origin, type of nursing school, grade point average, and anticipated nursing practice environment. CONCLUSION: Local hospitals need to enhance the nurse practice environment and provide institutional benefits to new graduate nurses who choose local hospitals. For quality nursing care, reducing the geographical gap and improving policy is necessary.

Effect of Resilience, Coping, and Mental Health on Burnout of Student Nurses

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate resilience, coping, and mental health in relation to burnout and to identify factors influencing burnout in student nurses. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 241 student nurses from 2 universities in B city. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Scheffé test, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean score for burnout in student nurses was 3.01 out of 5 points. Burnout explained 29.2% of the variance in satisfaction with college life (β=-.367, p < .001), coping (β=.293, p < .001), mental health (β=.228, p=.011), and training hospital (β=-.198, p=.026). CONCLUSION: The results of our research suggest that satisfaction with college life is an important variable affecting burnout student nurses. Therefore, education is needed in order to develop for more effective teaching coping methods and strategies and to reduce burnout with nursing practice.

Trends in Research on Adolescent Suicide Interventions

PURPOSE: This study was designed to analyze recent trends in adolescent suicide intervention research in Korea and to suggest future research directions in this area. METHODS: Studies Thirty-four studies selected from http://www.riss4u.net over the for last 20 years were analyzed by field and design of the study, study participants, and the outcome variables used in intervention studies. RESULTS: Nineteen (55.9%) of the 34 studies were conducted in the fields of welfare (9), psychology (5) and nursing science (5). Ordinary adolescents were the most frequently studied participants. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in twenty one (61.7%) of the 34 studies. The most frequently measured outcome variables were depression, suicidal ideation and self-esteem. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that research on adolescent suicide intervention programs is expanding with a focus on ordinary adolescents as and subjects. In order to prevent suicide, research on family, teachers, and friends, who all are important parts of a teenager's support system, is needed. It is also necessary to develop a post-management intervention program to prevent recurrence in high-risk teenagers who have attempted suicide.

Factors Influencing the Experience of Depression among School-aged Children from Multicultural Families

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the experience of depression in school-aged children from multicultural families. METHODS: Data from 1,812 school-aged children of multicultural families were collected from the 2015 National Multicultural Family Survey. Logistic regression was conducted based on complex sample analysis using SAS 9.4. RESULTS: Significant predictors for experiencing depression were lower self-esteem, lower Korean proficiency, less time spent conversing with the father, lower degree of parental interest, poorer school adjustment, greater difficulties with schoolwork, and experiencing violence at school. CONCLUSION: This study showed that factors related to the individual, family, and school environment influenced the experience of depression. Based on a consideration of these factors, it is necessary to develop an effective program to prevent depression by establishing high-risk criteria for depression.

Effect of Sexual Maturation, Parenting Attitude and Maturity Fear on Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Elementary School Girls

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the sexual maturation, parenting attitude, maturity fear and emotional and behavioral problems of girls in elementary school, and to examine the relation between these variables and factors that influence emotional and behavioral problems. METHODS: Participants were 128 second, third and fourth year students from 3 elementary schools. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0. RESULTS: Emotional and behavioral problems were related to eating rate, eating breakfast, frequency of late-night snacks and main communicator on pubertal development. Emotional and behavioral problems showed a positive correlation with maturity fear and father's parenting attitude (strictness) and a negative correlation with parenting attitude and father's parenting attitude (intimacy). Maturity fear, father's parenting attitude, eating breakfast, and main communicator on pubertal development had significant influence on emotional and behavioral problems of girls in elementary school. CONCLUSION: Findings show that for effective management of emotional and behavioral problems in elementary school girls, programs including coping with maturity fear, supportive parenting of father, diet education, and functional communication with mother on pubertal development should be developed.

Effects of Social Capital, Labor Intensity and Incivility on Job Burnout in Pediatric Nurses

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social capital, labor intensity and incivility and effects the job burnout in pediatric nurses. METHODS: A survey is conducted with 186 nurses working in pediatric units at 10 hospital in B, Y, K city. The data was analyzed with SPSS 21.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Scheffés test and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: A score of 3.31 out of 5 for the level of social capital, a score of 3.16 out of 5 on the labor intensity, and 2.20 points on a 5point on incivility, 4.15 points on a 7 point on job burnout. Job burnout explained 21.7% of the variance in incivility, social capital-shared values, job satisfaction, and labor intensity. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the major factors effecting pediatric nurses job burnout are incivility. Thus, in order to reduce pediatric nurses job burnout are to investigate degree of incivility, it is nesessary to develop intervention programs to incivility and labor intensity that reduced organizational level of measures need to establish.

Factors Influencing Clinical Practice Burnout in Student Nurses

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore perception of the clinical learning environment, resilience and perfectionism in relation to practice burnout and to identify factors influencing practice burnout in student nurses. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. The participants were 313 student nurses from three universities in B and U city. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, Scheffés test and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Mean score for practice burnout in student nurses was 2.92 out of 5 points. Practice burnout explained 44.7% of the variance in perfectionism (β =.245, p<.001), satisfaction with college life (β =.232, p<.001), resilience (β =−.228, p<.001), clinical learning environment (β =−.193, p<.001), satisfaction with major (β =.180, p=.001), practical relationships with peers (β =.128, p=.005), and satisfaction with clinical practice (β =.124, p=.039). CONCLUSION: Research results suggest that the important variable for student nurses' practice burnout is perfectionism. Therefore education is needed to develop strategies to manage perfectionism and reduce practice burnout.

Association of Sexual Maturation and Parent-Child Communication on Maturity Fears in Elementary School Girls

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence maturity fears in elementary school girls. METHODS: The participants were 118 3rd and 4th grade students from 3 elementary schools in 3 cities in Korea. Data were collected using questionnaires which included measurement scales for the relative variables and demographic data. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchial regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 21.0. RESULTS: The significant predictors of maturity fears were weight, father-child communication, frequency of maturity communication with father, and close relation with mother. CONCLUSION: For effective management of maturity fears in elementary school girls, programs including weight control, functional communication with father and supportive nurturance of mother should be developed.

The Influence of Terminal Care Performance, Death Anxiety and Self-Esteem on Terminal Care Stress of Geriatric Hospital Nurses / 한국호스피스완화의료학회지

PURPOSE: This descriptive study was aimed at identifying the relations among geriatric nurses' terminal care performance, death anxiety and self-esteem and the factors that affect nurses' terminal care stress. METHODS: Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire completed by 212 geriatric hospital nurses working in 10 hospitals in K city and B metropolitan city. RESULTS: The survey results showed that the stress factors were terminal care performance and death anxiety. Significant predictors for terminal care stress were death anxiety and terminal care performance. (And the higher the level of death anxiety and terminal care performance were, the heavier the stress was.) These factors explained 32.5% of the variance in terminal care stress. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggested that terminal care performance was an important factor of terminal care stress for geriatric nurses. Therefore, it seems that it is necessary to develop an educational intervention program to improve nurses' terminal care performance to reduce their terminal care stress.

Knowledge about Asthma, Empathy, and Attitudes to Child with Asthma for Students in a University of Education

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify knowledge about asthma, attitude to asthma, and empathy for children with asthma as held by university of education students, and to examine the relation between these variables and factors that influence them. METHODS: Participants were 347 third and fourth year students from a national university of education in G city. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA and Tukey test with SPSS/WIN 18.0. RESULTS: The score for participants' knowledge about asthma was 0.53 out of a possible 1, for empathy, 3.63 out of a possible 5, and for attitude towards asthma, 3.33 points of a possible 5. The attitude towards asthma showed significant differences according to year, satisfaction with major, and satisfaction with practice teaching. Knowledge about asthma and empathy showed a positive correlation with attitudes to children with asthma. Year and Knowledge about asthma, and empathy showed a significant influence on attitudes to children with asthma. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicate that development of appropriate knowledge and empathy in students in a university of education should lead to positive attitudes to children with asthma. This development could be enhanced with structured and on-going education about asthma.

Anger, Anger Expression Types, Problem Behaviors, and Suicide Probability in Adolescent Women using Cluster Analysis

PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study was designed to identify anger-expression types of adolescent women and investigate the relationship between the identified anger-expression types and their problem behaviors and suicide probability. METHODS: The participants were 942 students at two female high school located in Gwangju. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffe multiple comparison test. RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed 4 distinct anger expression types; Anger-out, Low anger expression, Anger-control, and Anger-in/out types. Female adolescent women had a higher level of trait anger or who frequently used the anger-in/out type reported internalized-externalized problem behaviors and suicide probability more frequently compared to those who frequently used the other three types of anger expression. CONCLUSION: Female adolescent women who had the low anger expression type and anger control type managed anger most effectively. The findings suggest the necessity of a development of the program for lowering the trait anger level and controlling the unfavorable anger expression types such as the anger-in/out.

Mediating Effect of School Nurses' Self Efficacy between Multicultural Attitude and Cultural Sensitivity in Korean Elementary Schools

PURPOSE: This study examined the mediating effect of school nurses' self efficacy, which is one of the significant cognitive factors influencing cultural sensitivity, on the mutual relationships between multicultural attitude and cultural sensitivity in Korean elementary schools. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was used. Participants were 157 school nurses in elementary schools located in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. The survey instruments included Teacher Multicultural Attitude Survey, Teacher Efficacy Scale, and Multicultural Sensitivity Scale. Data were analyzed using three regression equations to test the mediation model. RESULTS: The mean score of the school nurses' cultural sensitivity was relatively low. A positive correlation among multicultural attitude, self efficacy, and cultural sensitivity was noted. Self efficacy of school nurses showed a significant mediating effect on the relationships between multicultural attitude and cultural sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Given the meaningful influence of positive multicultural attitude on cultural sensitivity and significant mediator effect of self efficacy as a school nurse between the two variables, the strategies to cultivate a positive multicultural attitude and enhance school nurses' self efficacy in their unique role should be considered in a training program. School nurses' health care services will benefit from the improvement of cultural sensitivity toward young children from multicultural families.