Pathogenesis and Drug Intervention of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Diabetic cardiomyopathy， one of the cardiovascular complications of diabetes， is characterized by cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction at the early stage， which can later develop into heart failure. Due to the high incidence and mortality， it has been a hot topic in recent years. The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is complicated. It has been proved related to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism， cardiac insulin resistance， mitochondrial dysfunction， abnormal calcium homeostasis， activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system， increased oxidative stress， endoplasmic reticulum stress， inflammation， autophagy， and so on. The specific pathogenesis remains unclear. Currently， the diabetic cardiomyopathy is mainly tackled with both western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. Traditional western medicine has no specific remedy for diabetic cardiomyopathy， and the resulting side effect cannot be neglected. In order to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects， researchers have tried some potential medical treatments， such as vaspin， melatonin， Coenzyme Q10， and non-coding RNA， which still need further clinical trials. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is not recorded in ancient TCM books. According to the symptoms and signs， modern physicians often consider it as a "consumptive disease"， whose main therapeutic principles lie in benefiting Qi， tonifying Yin， activating blood， and removing stasis. The individual Chinese herbs such as Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Chinese herbal compounds like Huotan Jiedu Tongluoyin are effective in protecting the heart. But there are few studies exploring the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of TCM. With the continuous emergence of new drugs， the integration of TCM with western medicine may be a more promising treatment in the future. In conclusion， the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy is unclear， and there is a lack of effective prevention and treatment. This paper reviewed the latest findings in pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy， in order to provide reference for further research.

Factors Related with Willingness to Participate in Pharmacological Clinical Trials of Patients with Chronic Diseases: Investigation of Medical Ethics / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the medical ethics and willingness to participate in pharmacological clinical trials of patients with chronic diseases, and explore the related factors. Methods:In December, 2020, 318 patients with chronic diseases from the Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were investigated with a self-made medical ethics questionnaire for the items of medical ethics and willingness to participate in pharmacological clinical trials. Results:The attention to medical knowledge, awareness of their rights and responsibilities were various with the courses of disease, educational levels and resident areas. The satisfaction for treatment and trust to the doctors were related with the willingness to participate in pharmacological clinical trials by multivariate Logistic regression (P < 0.05). The patients in trials paid the most attention to the safety of the trail, and then the therapeutic effect. Conclusion:Promoting and protecting the medical rights, improving the trust to doctors, strengthening the publicity of clinical trial knowledge, may promote the willingness to participate in pharmacological clinical trials of patients with chronic diseases.

Value of visual analysis and SUVR during 18F-AV45 PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer′s disease / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of visual analysis and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) during 18F-florbetapir (AV45) PET/CT brain imaging in diagnosis of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer′s disease (AD), and to explore the clinical ancillary value of the two indexes. Methods:From December 2018 to July 2019, a total of 47 subjects, including 5 (3 males, 2 females, age (58±13) years) normal controls (NC), 8 (2 males, 6 females, age (66±10) years) patients with AD and 34 (16 males, 18 females, age (70±7) years) patients with MCI were enrolled. All subjects underwent 18F-AV45 PET/CT scan. All images were evaluated by visual analysis and SUVR were calculated. The diagnostic efficiencies of visual analysis and SUVR were compared by McNemar test and Kappa test. One-way analysis of variance and Welch test were used to compare data differences. The best threshold value of SUVR was obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:The positive rate of Aβ deposition for all subjects was 46.81%(22/47) by SUVR analysis, and 38.30%(18/47) by visual analysis. There was no significant difference between the two methods ( χ2=33.15, P>0.05), and the consistency was good ( Kappa=0.83). Considering the clinical diagnosis as the"gold standard", the Aβ deposition obtained by visual analysis and SUVR analysis can effectively distinguish AD from NC, and the sensitivities were 7/8 vs 8/8, respectively, both specificities were 5/5( χ2=9.48, P>0.05), with good consistency ( Kappa=0.84). SUVR quantitative analysis could distinguish AD from NC, AD from MCI ( F values: 3.99-8.79, all P<0.01), but could not distinguish NC from MCI (all P>0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the best threshold value of precuneus′ SUVR was 1.08 for the differential diagnosis of AD and NC; for the differential diagnosis of AD and MCI, the best threshold value of lateral temporal′s SUVR was 1.06. Conclusion:Visual analysis was consistent with SUVR′s qualitative determination during 18F-AV45 PET/CT imaging for brain Aβ deposition, while SUVR quantitative analysis could assist in the differential diagnosis of AD and NC, AD and MCI.

Health-related behaviors preventing COVID-19 and associated factors in primary school students in Wuhan / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the level of health behaviors related to prevention and control of Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19 among primary school students in Wuhan during the epidemic, and to provide a basis for further targeted health education and promotion.@*Methods@#Stratified random sampling was used to select 12 primary schools in Wuhan. Relying on the "questionnaire star", the head teacher of the selected school sent the questionnaire link to students through the QQ or WeChat group, and all students participated in the survey voluntarily.@*Results@#A total of 8 569 valid questionnaires were collected. The rate of prevention and control of COVID-19 among primary school students in Wuhan was 39.3%. Among them, wearing masks, hand hygiene and other healthy behavior accounted for 53.4%, 42.0% and 75.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that girl, grade 3-4 and 5-6, higher maternal education (>graduate degree) were more likely to have overall health behaviors in the prevention and control of COVID-19, and the OR values were 1.13(95%CI=1.04-1.24), 1.18(95%CI=1.06-1.31) 1.58(95%CI=1.41-1.75) and 1.62(95%CI=1.00-2.62)(P<0.05), respectively. Compared with fathers whose occupations were state agencies, managers of enterprises and institutions, students whose fathers’ occupations were professional technicians and ordinary employees were less likely to have level of overall health behaviors in the prevention and control of COVID-19, and the OR values were 0.78(95%CI=0.61-0.99) and 0.72(95%CI=0.58-0.90)(P<0.05), respectively.@*Conclusion@#The level of health behaviors of primary school children in Wuhan against COVID-19 was not high and targeted health education and promotion should be provided.

Icariin promotes differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts through Hedgehog signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of icariin (ICA) on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell line. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation activity of MC3T3-E1 cells. Alizarin red staining (AR-S) assay was used to detect osteoblast differentiation and the formation of calcium nodules. Western blot assay was used to examine the protein expression of osteocalcin, ALP and shh. ALP assay was used to detect its activity. Results The effect of CCK-8 assay showed that ICA (5 ∼ 40 μmol · L-1) significantly promoted MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation compared with control group. The activity and protein expression of ALP and the quantitative analysis of mineralization deposition significantly increased in ICA group compared with control group. The ALP activity, protein expression level of shh and the quantification of alizarin red staining showed a significant decrease in ICA + CYC group compared with ICA group. Conclusions ICA promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through the Hedgehog signaling pathway.

Metabolic patterns of 11C-CFT and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in tremor and non-tremor Parkinson's / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective To investigate the metabolic patterns of 11C-2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (CFF) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging in patients with tremor and non-tremor Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods From March 2018 to March 2019,28 PD patients (19 tremor patients:14 males and 5 females,age:(59.9±11.4) years;9 non-tremor patients:3 males and 6 females,age:(62.6±9.0) years) were enrolled.For the two groups,the 11C-CFT uptake values in caudate nucleus,anterior putamen and posterior putamen as well as 18F-FDG uptake values in all brain regions were calculated by regions of interest (ROI) method.Two-sample t test or Mann-Whitney u test were used to analyze the data.Results Caudate nucleus 11C-CFT uptake in PD patients with tremor was higher than that without tremor (3.03±0.51 vs 2.60±0.62;t =2.687,P＜0.05).Yet thalamus glucose uptake of non-tremor PD patients showed more active than tremor patients (1.14±0.05 vs 1.10±0.03;t =3.449,P＜0.01).Sorted by modified Hoehn-Yahr stage,tremor patients in advanced stage (stage≥2.5) were characterized by glucose uptake increase in the putamen and cerebellum compared with non-tremor advanced group (1.27±0.04 vs 1.21±0.05,0.94±0.04 vs 0.86±0.08;t values:2.695 and 2.492,both P＜0.05).Metabolic decrease in the premotor areas was observed in tremor patients in advanced stage compared with early stage (1.07±0.02vs 1.10±0.03;t=2.053,P＜0.05).Conclusion 11C-CFT and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can indicate different metabolic patterns between tremor and non-tremor PD,thus providing information for clinical practice and differential diagnosis.

Metabolic patterns of 11C-CFT and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in tremor and non-tremor Parkinson′s disease / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective@#To investigate the metabolic patterns of 11C-2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging in patients with tremor and non-tremor Parkinson′s disease (PD).@*Methods@#From March 2018 to March 2019, 28 PD patients (19 tremor patients: 14 males and 5 females, age: (59.9±11.4) years; 9 non-tremor patients: 3 males and 6 females, age: (62.6±9.0) years) were enrolled. For the two groups, the 11C-CFT uptake values in caudate nucleus, anterior putamen and posterior putamen as well as 18F-FDG uptake values in all brain regions were calculated by regions of interest (ROI) method. Two-sample t test or Mann-Whitney u test were used to analyze the data.@*Results@#Caudate nucleus 11C-CFT uptake in PD patients with tremor was higher than that without tremor (3.03±0.51 vs 2.60±0.62; t=2.687, P<0.05). Yet thalamus glucose uptake of non-tremor PD patients showed more active than tremor patients (1.14±0.05 vs 1.10±0.03; t=3.449, P<0.01). Sorted by modified Hoehn-Yahr stage, tremor patients in advanced stage (stage≥2.5) were characterized by glucose uptake increase in the putamen and cerebellum compared with non-tremor advanced group (1.27±0.04 vs 1.21±0.05, 0.94±0.04 vs 0.86±0.08; t values: 2.695 and 2.492, both P<0.05). Metabolic decrease in the premotor areas was observed in tremor patients in advanced stage compared with early stage (1.07±0.02 vs 1.10±0.03; t=2.053, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#11C-CFT and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can indicate different metabolic patterns between tremor and non-tremor PD, thus providing information for clinical practice and differential diagnosis.

Clinical efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide and Ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic diffuse macular edema / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

· AIM:To compare the clinical curative effect of triamcinolone acetonide and Ranibizumab on diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME).· METHODS:We collected 84 cases of patients with diffuse DME treated in our hospital from February 2016 to May 2017.According to 1:1 matching method,they were divided into Ⅰ,Ⅱ groups.They were all treated with laser photocoagulation.Preoperative auxiliary application of triamcinolone acetonide was given to Group Ⅰ,while Group Ⅱ received preoperative application of ranibizumab.After treatment,the efficacy of the two groups were analyzed and compared.· RESULTS:The total clinical efficiency of Group Ⅱ at 3mo after treatment was 93％,higher than that of Group Ⅰ (77％;x2 =4.981,P =0.025).Compared with before treatment,BCVA and CMT of the two groups at each time after treatment were significantly improved (P＜ 0.05).BCVA of Group Ⅱ at 1 and 3mo after treatment was better than that of Group Ⅰ (P＜0.05);CMT of Group Ⅱ at 1,3 and 6mo after treatment improved more than that of Group Ⅰ,with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05);occurrence rate of adverse reactions Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ were 17％ and 13％ with no significant statistical difference (X2 =0.243,P=0.621).There were no serious adverse reactions such as retinal detachment,endophthalmitis or cataract in the two groups.· CONCLUSION:Compared with triamcinolone acetonide,the effect of ranibizumab on diffuse diabetic macular edema is better,and has high clinical value.

Effect of moxifloxacin on pro-inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mice peritoneal macrophages / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the effect of moxifloxacin(MXF)on inflammatory reaction of mice abdominal peritoneal macrophage induced by LPS.Methods The level of TLR4、SPHK1 and NF-κB mRNA was determined by realtime-PCR;The relative levels of TLR4、SPHK1 and NF-κB were determined by Western blot.TNF-αand IL-1 se-creted by macrophages were detected by ELISA.Results At low and medium concentration(8,16 mg/L)of the MXF have inhibitory effect on the increasing of TLR 4,SPHK1,NF-κB expression level and cell supernatant of TNF-αand IL-1 in LPS stimulation of mice peritoneal macrophages.High concentration(64 mg/L)of the MXF promoted the role of inflammation.Conclusions The MXF of low and medium concentrations can inhibit the inflammatory response in LPS stimulation of mice peritoneal macrophages,and high concentration of the MXF showed contrary effects.

Primary culture of human malignant meningioma cells and its intracranial orthotopic transplantation in nude mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain stable primary cultures of human malignant meningioma cells and establish an intracranial in-situ tumor model in nude mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten surgical specimens of highly suspected malignant meningioma were obtained with postoperative pathological confirmation. Primary malignant meningioma cells were cultured from the tissues using a modified method and passaged. After identification with cell immunofluorescence, the cultured cells were inoculated into the right parietal lobe of 6 nude mice using stereotaxic apparatus and also transplanted subcutaneously in another 6 nude mice. The nude mice were executed after 6 weeks, and HE staining and immunohistochmistry were used to detect tumor growth and the invasion of the adjacent brain tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The primary malignant meningioma cells were cultured successfully, and postoperative pathology reported anaplastic malignant meningioma. Cell immunofluorescence revealed positivity for vimentin and EMA in the cells, which showed a S-shaped growth curve in culture. Flow cytometry revealed a cell percentage in the Q3 area of (95.99∓2.58)%. Six weeks after transplantation, tumor nodules occurred in the subcutaneous tumor group, and the nude mice bearing the in situ tumor showed obvious body weight loss. The xenografts in both groups contained a mean of (36∓5.35)% cells expressing Ki-67, and the intracranial in situ tumor showed obvious invasion of the adjacent peripheral brain tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We obtained stable primary cultures of malignant meningioma cells and successfully established a nude mouse model bearing in situ human malignant meningioma.</p>

Therapeutic effect of QQL prescription on type 2 diabetic rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Qingqianliu ( QQL) antidiabetic prescription , contai-ning Cyclocarya paliurus, on type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: Ten rats were randomly chosen as normal control group , and other rats were used to establish diabetic rat models by high-fat diet feeding plus streptocin intraperitoneal injection . Successfully modeling rats were randomly divided into high (300 mg· kg -1· d-1), medium (150 mg· kg-1· d-1) and low (75 mg· kg-1· d-1) doses of QQL treatment groups, and model control group (10 rats in each group).The rats re-ceived daily treatment for 6 weeks.Meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of QQL on these type 2 diabetic rats were evaluated via the body weight , the levels of serum glucose , insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin , the glucose tolerance , the pathologi-cal changes of pancreatic islands , antioxidative indexes and inflammaory factors .RESULTS:Compared with model control group, the body weight, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, serum SOD and serum GSH were increased , the serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin , MDA, IL-1βand TNF-αwere decreased , and the pathological changes of pancreatic islands were improved in type 2 diabetic rats with QQL treatment at high and low doses (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The QQL reduces the blood glucose , improves the glucose tolerance , and attenuates the damage of pancreatic islands .Its me-chanism may be related to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects .

Therapeutic effect of QQL prescription on type 2 diabetic rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Qingqianliu ( QQL) antidiabetic prescription , contai-ning Cyclocarya paliurus, on type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: Ten rats were randomly chosen as normal control group , and other rats were used to establish diabetic rat models by high-fat diet feeding plus streptocin intraperitoneal injection . Successfully modeling rats were randomly divided into high (300 mg· kg -1· d-1), medium (150 mg· kg-1· d-1) and low (75 mg· kg-1· d-1) doses of QQL treatment groups, and model control group (10 rats in each group).The rats re-ceived daily treatment for 6 weeks.Meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of QQL on these type 2 diabetic rats were evaluated via the body weight , the levels of serum glucose , insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin , the glucose tolerance , the pathologi-cal changes of pancreatic islands , antioxidative indexes and inflammaory factors .RESULTS:Compared with model control group, the body weight, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, serum SOD and serum GSH were increased , the serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin , MDA, IL-1βand TNF-αwere decreased , and the pathological changes of pancreatic islands were improved in type 2 diabetic rats with QQL treatment at high and low doses (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The QQL reduces the blood glucose , improves the glucose tolerance , and attenuates the damage of pancreatic islands .Its me-chanism may be related to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects .

Association of endoscopic esophageal variceal ligation with duodenal ulcer

Objective: to determine the frequency of duodenal ulcer [DU], as well as other clinical characteristics occurring after endoscopic variceal ligation [EVL] of the esophagus

Study Design: descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China, from April 2012 to April 2013

Methodology: a total of 47 patients with esophageal varices [EVr] who had also undergone EVL and gastroscopic follow-up within 3 months of the procedure was retrospectively analyzed. The status of Helicobacter pylori [Hp] infection, Child-Pugh classification, and the grades of portal hypertensive gastropathy [PHG] were collected. Sixty EVr patients without EVL treatment, but with clinical data available, served as the control group

Results: the frequency of DU in the EVL group [29.8%, 14/47] was higher than the control group [6.7%, 4/60] [p=0.02]. Hp infection rate in EVL group was 19.15% [9/47], while in control group was 21.67% [13/60] [p=0.813]. Hp positive rate [12.5%, 1/8] in patients exhibited new DUs after EVL was comparable to the patients without DU in the EVL group [12.1%, 4/33] [p=1.00]. Patients with DU after EVL received 18.79 +/- 8.48 of ligating bands, while in those who did not exhibit DUs received 13.85 +/- 6.47 [z = -2.042, p = 0.041]. Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of DU was not associated with age, gender, Child-Pugh classification, or the grade of PHG [p > 0.05]

Conclusion: esophageal EVL is associated with a higher frequency of developing DU, which is related to a larger number of applied bands but is not correlated with Hp infection status or other variables

Exploration on feasibility of introducing bioassay method into quality evaluation of Chinese herbal medicines by studying on the correlation between antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris and its total phenolic acids content for example / 中国中药杂志

This paper aims to investigate the correlation between the antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris and its total phenolic acids content by measuring the antioxidant activity of different sources and different organs of P. vulgaris and the total contents of protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in these samples. Using the 50% methanol extract of P. vulgaris samples as the research object, DPPH method and HPLC method were used respectively to determine the antioxidant activities and the total contents of the above-mentioned five analytes in P. vulgaris samples. 0.5 mL of 50% methanol extract of P. vulgaris reacts with 0.1 mmol•L⁻¹ DPPH ethanol solution for 60 min, then the absorbance of the reaction solution was measured at 517 nm, scavenging rate and IC₅₀ values were calculated by the absorbance and the sample concentration for evaluating the antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis was made on a C₁₈ Epic column, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as mobile phase (gradient elution), and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. The correlation between the antioxidant capacity of different habitats and different organs of P. vulgaris and the total contents of five kinds of phenolic acids was analyzed by partial least squares method. The reaction dose-response range of 50% methanol extract of P. vulgaris with 0.1 mmol•L⁻¹ DPPH ethanol solution was 0.300-1.65 g•L⁻¹. When the quantities of potocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid were respectively in 0.007 84-0.980, 0.011 5-1.44, 0.008 64-1.08, 0.080 0-1.00 and 0.079 8-0.998 μg range, their quantities were in good linear relationship with the corresponding peak areas. The average recovery of 5 components were 97.76%, 96.88%, 100.3%, 102.1%, 104.5%, with RSD of 1.8%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.6% and 1.7%, respectively. In a certain range of crude drug quantity, the antioxidant activity of each organ of P. vulgaris and total phenolic acids content inside has a good linear correlation. Therefore, in certain quality range of crude drug, DPPH bioassay combined with HPLC content determination can be used for the quality control of P. vulgaris, as is a new method for the quality control of P. vulgaris.

Verification of an improved method for determination of urinary iodine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To verify the feasibility and application value of an improved method for determination of urinary iodine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Methods Adults urine samples were collected,iodine calibration curves of 0-300 μg/L and 300-1200 μg/L were prepared,and urinary iodine was determined by the improved As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometric method.Lyophilized human urinary iodine ingredient standards were used to validate linearity and range,limit of detection,precision and accuracy of this improved detection method.Results The linear range of the calibration curve was 0-300 μg/L,the detection limit was 1.8 μg/L,and the range of correlation coefficient was-0.9995--0.9997.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,200-280 μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 1.5％,0.8％ and 0.5％.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,150-180 μg/L,the average recoveries were 97.8％,99.8％ and 96.6％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (73.0± 9.0) and (206.0± 10.0)μg/L,and the results determined by this method were (75.5 + 0.9) and (207.5 ± 1.9)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 3.4％ and 0.7％,respectively,the results determined were all within the given value range.The linear range of the calibration curve was 300-1200 μg/L,the detection limit was 305.2 μg/L,the range of the correlation coefficient was-0.9996--0.9999.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-400,500-600 and 1000-1200μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 0.6％,1.0％ and 0.7％.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-499,500-599 and 600-700 μg/L,the average recoveries were 99.7％,99.2％ and 100.4％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (558.3 ± 3.5) and (884.8 ± 4.7)μg/L,the results determined by this method were (556.0 + 17.0) and (883.0 ± 28.0)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 0.4％ and 0.2％,respectively,the results were all within the given value range.Conclusions This method extends the detection range of iodine concentration,and improves precision and accuracy.This method greatly reduces the amount of arsenic used therefore reduces environmental pollution,which is suitable for promotion.

Astrocyte elevated gene-1 induces breast cancer proliferation and invasion through upregulating HER2/neu expression / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), primarily identified as a late response gene induced by HIV-1 infection, plays multiple roles in the process of oncogenesis. This novel gene has been demonstrated to be involved in the several potent carcinogenic pathways, including PI3K/Akt pathway, nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway, and Wnt/κ-catenin pathway. Although the function of AEG-1 has been intensively investigated in recent years, the molecular mechanism underlying its oncogenic role is largely unknown. The aim of this research was to explore the potential function of AEG-1 in breast cancer development and progression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>AEG-1 was ectopically overexpressed in breast cancer MCF-7 cells and its biological effects on the proliferation and invasion of MCF-7 cells were studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and invasion assays. The expression of HER2/neu, a crucial oncogene involving in breast cancer carcinogenesis, was also determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overexpression of the AEG-1 promoted the proliferation and invasion ability of breast cancer cells, and upregulated the expression of HER2/neu, a crucial oncogene involving in breast cancer carcinogenesis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AEG-1 might facilitate the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells by upregulating HER2/neu expression, which provides a potential target for breast cancer therapy.</p>

Expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on CD8+ T cells in pediatric AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on CD8(+) T cells in pediatric AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the relationship of immune activation and disease progression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-section study of 194 pediatric AIDS patients receiving HAART was carried out and 52 age-matched healthy children were recruited as control. The percentage of CD4(+), CD8(+), CD8(+)/CD38(+) and CD8(+)/HLA-DR(+) T cells was tested using flow cytometry, and HIV-RNA in plasma was detected by quantitative RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and ninety-four pediatric AIDS patients were divided into two groups according to the viral load: 59 patients with VL ≥ 400 copies/ml and 135 patients with VL < 400 copies/ml. The percentage of CD8(+)/CD38(+) and CD8(+)/HLA-DR(+) T cells of patients with VL ≥ 400 copies/ml was significantly higher than that of patients with VL < 400 copies/ml (P < 0.05). Of patients with VL < 400 copies/ml, the percentage of CD8(+)/CD38(+) T cells was nearly normal, and the percentage of CD8(+)/HLA-DR(+) T cells was higher than normal level (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between percentage of CD8(+)/CD38(+) and of CD8(+)/HLA-DR(+)T cells and viral load (R = 0.403, P = 0.03 for the former and R = 0.569, P = 0.09 for the later).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Effective HAART could decrease immune activation of HIV-infected children significantly. And there was a positive correlation between percentage of CD8(+)/CD38(+) and of CD8(+)/HLA-DR(+)T cells and viral load, suggesting that the two indicators might be used as the substitution of viral load in resource-limited areas.</p>

Analysis of liver function index and clinical characters in 122 patients with acute hepatitis E virus coinfection with other hepatitis virus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the liver function index and clinical characters in 122 patients with acute hepatitis E virus overlapping with other infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The liver function index and clinical characters of 122 patients with acute hepatitis E virus overlapping infection and 40 patients with acute hepatitis E were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL were found between acute hepatitis E groups and overlapping infection hepatitis A or hepatitis B (P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences of Albumin (ALB) and Globulin (GLO) were found between acute hepatitis E groups and overlapping infection hepatitis B (P < 0.01). In acute hepatitis E overlapping infected hepatitis B or hepatitis A patients, more and severe complications were also observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The patients with acute Hepatitis E virus, especially Hepatitis E virus overlapping infection, need to pay more clinical monitor, prevent complication early and lower death rates.</p>

Interactions of carbohydrates and proteins by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis.

A sensitive,specific, and rapid method for the detection of carbohydrate-protein interactions is demonstrated by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE). The procedure is simple and the cost is low. The advantage of this method is that carbohydrate-protein interactions can be easily displayed by FACE, and the carbohydrates do not need to be purified.

Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus:62 Case Report / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of diabetic foot (DF) patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus.Methods The data of 62 DF patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus included age, sex, the duration of disease, the concentrations of HbA1C, hemoglobin (Hb), blood-lipids, electromyogram, CDFI of lower extremities artery were analyzed retrospectively and compared with 60 patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus, but without DF.Results The factors of age, sex, Hb, albumin, electromyogram, CDFI of lower extremities artery were significantly different between two groups ( P<0.05), but no significant difference in the duration of disease, fasting blood-glucose, HBA1C, glomerular filtration rate, blood-lipids ( P>0.05).Conclusion The senility, male, peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vessel disease are the risk factors of DF with type 2 diabetic mellitus, and anemia and hypoproteinemia are often occurred in such patients.