In vivo induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) by lynestrenol.

Genotoxicity study of synthetic progestin lynestrenol, was carried out on mouse bone marrow cells using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) as parameters. Lynestrenol was studied at three different doses (6.87, 13.75 and 27.50 mg/kg body wt.). SCE and CA increased significantly as compared to normal control when treated with lynestrenol at 13.75 and 27.50 mg/kg body wt. The present results suggest that lynestrenol has both a genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in mouse bone marrow cells.

Avaliação da tolerabilidade e do controle de ciclo de dois contraceptivos orais de baixa dose: estudo comparativo aberto / Assessment of the tolerability and cycle control of two low-dose oral contraceptives: an open-label study

Realizou-se um estudo aberto comparativo em nove centros brasileiros para avaliar a tolerabilidade e o controle de ciclo obtido com o uso de dois contraceptivos orais de baixa dose contendo 20 mg etinilestradiol/75 mg gestodeno e 20 mg etinilestradiol/150 mg desogestrel, durante seis ciclos de tratamento. Foram selecionadas 167 mulheres saudáveis com vida sexual ativa (77 no grupo do gestodeno e 90 no grupo do desogestrel), das quais 138 completaram os seis ciclos de tratamento. Em um subgrupo de novas usuárias realizou-se também perfil lipídico e hemostático. Foram avaliados 867 diclos no total. Ocorreu sangramento irregular em 4,6 por cento dos ciclos com gestodeno e em 8,1 por cento com desogestrel. A tolerabilidade a ambas preparações foi boa, mas houve significativamente mais náusea no grupo do desogestrel. O controle de ciclo foi bom com os dois contraceptivos, sendo que houve freqüência significativamente menor de sangramento irregular no grupo do gestodeno quando se leva em conta que todos os ciclos foram considerados. Não houve alterações clinicamente significativas no perfil hemostático. O perfil lipídico mostrou tendência a tornar-se mais favorável após seis ciclos de tratamento com as duas preparações. Não ocorreu alteração no peso médio das mulheres no grupo do gestodeno; no grupo do desogestrel houve aumento significativo no peso médio de aproximadamente 1 Kg após seis meses de tratamento. A adesão ao tratamento foi boa com as duas preparações. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que preparações contendo baixa dose de gestodeno ou desogestrel associados a 20 mg de etinilestradiol são contraceptivos bem tolerados que permitem bom controle de ciclo, sem efeitos colaterais significantes.

Alopécia androgenética feminina: estudo hormonal e avaliaçäo do tratamento com antiandrógenos / Female androgenetic alopecia: hormonal study and evaluation of antiandrogen treatment

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do tratamento com antiandrógenos em mulheres com alopécia androgenética (AA). Realizamos dosagens de testosterona total (T), testosterona livre (TL), sulfato de deidroepiandrosterona (DHEA-S), androstenediona (A), proteína ligadora dos hormônios sexuais (SHBG), androstanediol glucuronídeo (3alpha-diol G), TSH, anticorpo antimicrossomal e as relaçöes T/SHBG (x100) e 3alpha-diol G/SHBG em 30 mulheres com AA, idades entre 14 e 46 anos, e comparamos com grupo controle, constituído por 11 mulheres, idades entre 16 e 27 anos. Quatro pacientes tiveram diagnóstico de doença endócrina: hipotireoidismo primário (n=2), síndrome dos ovários policísticos e hirsutismo idiopático. Nas demais 26 pacientes, a relaçäo 3alpha-diol G/SHBG foi maior (p<0,05), sem diferença na concentraçäo dos androgênios, quando comparamos com o grupo controle. Sete pacientes utilizaram acetato de ciproterona (50mg/dia) associado com etinilestradiol (AC+E) e cinco pacientes utilizaram espironolactona (100mg/dia) por 6 meses. Houve diminuiçao estatisticamente significativa nas dosagens de 3alpha-diol G, SHBG e da relaçäo T/SHBG somente nas pacientes que utilizaram AC+E. Todas as pacientes relataram melhora da queda do cabelo. Observamos, através do tricograma, um aumento estatisticamente significativo dos pêlos anágenos nas pacientes que utilizaram AC e espironolactona (p<0,05) e diminuiçao de pêlos anágenos disäo androgênica que ocorre em mulheres geneticamente predispostas. O tratamento com AC+E acarreta uma melhora no perfil hormonal e na análise do tricograma sendo necessário tratamento mais prolongado para que seja observado aumento na quantidade do pêlo.

Monoamineoxidase activity in certain brain regions associated with xanthurenic acid excretion in rats on oral contraceptive steroids.

Monoamineoxidase (MAO) activity in some regions of brain and urinary xanthurenic acid were investigated in female rats administered with oral contraceptive (OC) steroids-ethynyl estradiol (Ees), lynestrenol (Ly) and both in combination (Cm) for 75 days. The MAO activity was reduced significantly in most regions specially in cortex-the extent of reduction being 65 per cent with Ees, 51 per cent with Ly and 69 per cent with Cm treatments. In the hypothalamus, the activity was decreased by 50 per cent with Ees, 38 per cent with Ly and by 40 per cent with Cm treatments. In the corpus striatum the activity was reduced by 14 per cent with Ly treatment, 25 per cent with Cm treatment and in the midbrain by 59 per cent with Ees treatment only. The concentration of xanthurenic acid in urine was higher by 55 per cent with Ees, 109 per cent with Ly and by 120 per cent with Cm treatments. These changes in MAO activity and level of xanthurenic acid excretion indicate the possible alteration in the metabolism of neurotransmitter, associated with prolonged use of OC.

Endometriose da coxa / Endometriosis of the thigh

É relatado um caso de endometriose que se manifestou inicialmente na coxa. O tumor comprometia a face ântero-superior da coxa direita, era doloroso e aumentava de volume na época menstrual. No entanto, cerca de seis anos após as terapêuticas cirúrgica e hormonal houve recidiva do tumor e evidenciou-se a presença de foco primário, intraperitoneal. Por fim, säo feitas consideraçöes sobre a endometriose, intra e extraperitoneal, e descritas as principais teorias histogenéticas

Indirect atomic absorption spectrometric determination of 17, a-ethinylestradiol, lynestrenol, norethynodrel, ethchlorvynol and methyplenynol carbamate

Two sensitive indirect atomic absorption spectrometric [AAS] procedures are described for the determination of five monoacetylenic compounds. The first procedure is based on the formation of the copper acetylides, dissolving the acetylides in dilute nitric acid solution, followed by AAS measurement of the copper content. 17, alpha-ethinylestradiol, lynoestrenol, norethynodrel, ethchlorvynol [placidly] and methylpentynol carbamate are determined with mean percentage accuracies; 99.5 +/- 0.425, 100.27 +/- 0.678, 100.09 +/- 1.27, 100.56 +/- 1.749 and 100.64 +/- 2.04, respectively. The second procedure depends on the precipitation of certain monoacetylenic compounds as silver acetylides, followed by extraction with an organic solvent and measurement by AAS, 17, alpha- ethinylestradiol, lynoestrenol, norethynodrel and methylpentynol carbamate are determined by this technique with mean percentage accuracies; 99.5 +/- 0.58, 100.0 +/- 0.9115, 99.8 +/- 0.558 and 99.4 +/- 0.538, respectively

Spectrophotometric determination of ethchlorvynol, methylpentynol carbamate and lynestrenol

A sensitive direct spectrophotometric procedure is described for the determination of two monoacetylenic compounds namely; ethchlorvynol and methylpentynol carbamate which are used as hypnotics and sedatives. The procedure is based on the direct spectrophotometric measurement of ethanolic solutions of the concerned compounds at 230 nm and 235 nm, respectively. The procedure is also applied for the determination of placidyl capsules [ethchlorvynol] and N-oblivon tablets [methylpentynol carbamate] with mean percentage accuracies; 100.7 +or- 0.65 and 97.3 +/- 1.18 respectively. The absence in literature of any more direct spectrophotometric procedures for the determination of lynoestrenol except in the vacuum U.V. Region which are apt to many interferences. However, a barely perceptible shoulder far from the vacuum U.V. region, almost centered at 242 nm is observed in the zero-order spectrum of lynoestrenol. This made use of in the determination of lynoestrenol applying the first-derivative technique with a mean percentage accuracy 98.03 +/- 1.114. The first- derivative technique is still retained the accuracy and precision when applied to tablets containing lynoestrenol with a mean percentage accuracy of 98.2 +/- 0.694, with a further significant advantage that no preliminary extraction of the tablets is needed

Effect of lynestrenol and mestranol on serum trace metals [copper-zinc-iron] experimental and clinical observation

1- The effect of the two synthetic steroid hormones lynestrenol and mestranol on serum copper, zinc and iron was investigated in female rats and in women. 2. There was a rise of serum copper with mestranol and a decrease in its level with lynestrenol. 3. Serum copper rises with the combination of the two hormones in Lyndiol I. This rise was progressive with the duration of therapy. 4. Serum zinc decreases with Lyndiol both in the pre-and post-menstrual period under Lyndiol I medication. In rats, serum iron rises with mestranol. The relation between serum copper and zinc can be used as a test for the selection of cases or discondinuation of treatment with oral pill, especially in rural areas with endemic bilharziasis

Enhanced platelet aggregation by oral contraceptives: effect of PG synthetase inhibitors.

Platelet aggregation time was significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased in female rabbits treated with oral contraceptive (a preparation containing low dose of estrogen) as also by injection of diethylstilbestrol (10 mg/kg), while in animals that received indomethacin (10 mg/kg) or aspirin (30 mg/kg) (PG synthetase inhibitors) along with oral contraceptives or diethylstilbestrol there was no significant alteration in platelet aggregation time. The increased synthesis of prostaglandins or some of the intermediary product like TXA2 might be responsible for this effect.

study of injectable contraceptives

This is a study of the acceptability, side effects and value of two injectable contraceptives: Lynoestrenol phenyl propionante and Norethisterone enanthale in 181 fertile women. The first preparation was injected monthly in 65 women for 442 cycles and the second was given every 12 weeks in 89 women, for a total of 297 injections. Effects on menstruation and lactation were observed and the side effects were recorded. Their contraceptive value in 68.9 woman years was studied. The second preparation was better as a contraceptive but caused much more frequent and serious side-effects than the first

Recent trends in injectable contraception with a report on lynoestrenol phenyl propionate

Recent trends and opinions on injectable contraceptives were reviewed with reference to their advantages and disadvantages. A study was performed on a group of 25 patients who received 50 mg. Lynocstrenol Phenylpropionate as monthly injection for six months. Recording of any breeding or menstrual irregularity was done in children to periodic study of the endornetrial histology and vaginal cytology. No change in body weight or blood pressure were observed. Evaluation for the effectiveness was guarded but the acceptability of this drug was excellent. No lumps or any other changes in the breasts were seen during this study