El rol de los hombres en enfermería, el reconocimiento y las emociones que subyacen en la práctica profesional / The role of men in nursing, recognition and emotions underlying professional practice

Objetivo: comprender el rol de los hombres en enfermería, teniendo en cuenta su reconocimiento y las emociones que subyacen en el ejercicio de su práctica profesional. Metodología: esta tesis fue realizada desde la metodología de estudio de casos colectivo propuesta por Robert E. Stake. Se entrevistaron 12 enfermeros con desempeño en diferentes escenarios laborales empleando entrevistas en profundidad, notas de campo y memorando analíticos para registrar las experiencias emotivas de los participantes. El análisis se realizó por medio de agrupamiento y reducción de los fragmentos de las entrevistas y la construcción de un mapa conceptual. Resultados: los roles de género son producto de una construcción social, y en este sentido, se moldean y cambian con el devenir histórico y cultural, prueba de esto es el ingreso de los hombres a la enfermería. Sin embargo, a nivel social persiste una naturalización de la enfermería como un oficio femenino que se traduce en una imagen estereotipada del papel de los enfermeros que dificulta su reconocimiento. Conclusiones: los hombres desde el momento en que manifiestan su intención de convertirse en enfermeros, inician un proceso de adaptación en diferentes esferas, donde no solo deben negociar sus emociones, sino emprender una lucha permanente por el reconocimiento como un motor para el desarrollo y el cambio en diferentes aspectos de su vida. (Tomado del repositorio institucional)

Objective: to understand the role of men in nursing, taking into account their recognition and the emotions that underlie their professional practice. Methodology: This thesis was conducted using the collective case study methodology proposed by Robert E. Stake. Twelve nurses with performance in different work scenarios were interviewed using in-depth interviews, field notes, and analytical memorandum to record the emotional experiences of the participants. The analysis was carried out by grouping and reducing the fragments of the interviews and constructing a conceptual map. Results: gender roles are the product of a social construction, and in this sense, they are molded and change with historical and cultural evolution, proof of which is the entry of men into nursing. However, at the social level, a naturalization of nursing as a female profession persists, which translates into a stereotyped image of the role of female patients that hinders its recognition. Conclusions: men, from the moment they express their intention to become nurses, begin a process of adaptation in different areas, where they must, in addition to negotiating their emotions, constantly fight for recognition as the engine of change and development in different aspects of their lives. (Tomado del repositorio institucional)

Metasíntesis sobre el concepto de patrón de Martha Rogers y Margaret Newman / Meta-synthesis on the concept of pattern of Martha Rogers and Margaret Newman

A través de una Metasíntesis guiados por el método propuesto por Sandelowsky y Barroso, se pretende profundizar en el concepto de patrón de M. Rogers y M. Newman, evidenciando, los atributos y cualidades en el uso de este concepto, que permiten el estudio del ser desde perspectivas diferentes a las convencionales para la disciplina de la enfermería. De igual manera, se identifica la necesidad de realizar un estudio dirigido a las personas que se enfrentan a situaciones difíciles a través de una articulación con la intervención de enfermería. Una intervención diferente y novedosa donde no se realiza la observación del ser desde aspectos físicos, sino por el contrario, se compone de estructuras que corresponden al transcurso de la vida de las personas. Así mismo, el acompañamiento de la enfermera en este proceso se vio reflejado en el bienestar de las personas y el reconocimiento del significado de su vida mediante la identificación del patrón; realizar cambios en rutinas que permitan el crecimiento personal o la expansión de la conciencia beneficiarán a la enfermera y a la persona.

Factors Influencing Sick Role Behavior Compliance in Patients on Hemodialysis / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was a descriptive survey research to identify the factors that influence sick role behavior compliance in patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: Structured surveys were used to collect data from 170 patients who are on hemodialysis three times a week through outpatient care at a university hospital located in G City using tools measuring resilience, family support, and sick role behavior compliance. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The results showed that factors that influenced sick role behavior compliance in the subjects were in the order of family support (β=.27, p < .001), age (β=.27, p < .001), and resilience (β=.23, p=.003). Resilience, family support, and sick role behavior compliance were positively correlated. Factors influencing hemodialysis patients' sick role behavior compliance included family support, age, and resilience. These variables explained 30.2% of the variance in sick role behavior compliance. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, care intervention and the development of a training program that involves family in the treatment plan and process to support and encourage patients are needed to increase the sick role behavior compliance in patients on hemodialysis.

Family Characteristics, Family Support, Family Function and Compliance of Patient Role Behavior in Long-term Hemodialysis Patients / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the role of family to the compliance of patient role behavior in long-term hemodialysis patients. METHODS: In this descriptive correlational design, 103 participants recruited from 3 hemodialysis clinics at D city. They completed the self-reported questionnaire including family characteristics, family support, family function, and compliance of patient role behavior. All participants have family and are undergoing regular hemodialysis more than 1 year. RESULTS: Among patient's characteristics, compliance of patient role behavior was significantly different by standard of living, burden of treatment, marital status, experience of hospitalization, perceived health status, kidney transplantation plan, and depression. Experience of hospitalization, perceived health status and family support explained 31.9% of the variance in the compliance of patient role behavior (R2=.319, F=5.34, p=.001). CONCLUSION: Family support is important for compliance of patient role behavior in the long-term hemodialysis patients. Therefore it is recommended that the family must be included to improve compliance of patient role behaviors.

El proceso de enfermar de los médicos y sus consecuencias en el profesionalismo / The process of physicians falling ill and consequences for their professionalism / O processo de adoecimento dos médicos e as suas consequências acerca do profissionalismo

Resumen: La idiosincrasia de la profesión médica, los rasgos de personalidad característicos del médico y la falta de formación específica para reconocer y tratar adecuadamente la propia vulnerabilidad, predisponen a este colectivo a padecer más patología mental y, probablemente, un deficiente tratamiento de otras enfermedades. La mayoría de los estudios realizados hasta el momento se centran en la patología mental y adictiva del médico, desde el punto de vista del riesgo para la mala praxis y la seguridad de sus pacientes. La revisión narrativa de la literatura científica realizada (MEDLINE, EMBASE e IME 1985-2016) ha mostrado que, en el entorno hispanoparlante, apenas disponemos de información actualizada sobre el médico como paciente, a pesar de ser un tema de indudable relevancia desde el punto de vista de la seguridad asistencial, del profesionalismo y del propio bienestar de los profesionales. La situación del médico que enferma es compleja y poco conocida, con conflicto de roles y con repercusiones en la ética profesional y la calidad asistencial.

Abstract: The idiosyncrasy of the medical profession, the characteristic personality traits of the physician and the lack of specific training to properly recognize and treat one's own vulnerability dispose this group to suffer more mental pathology and probably worse control of other medical diseases. Most of the studies promoted so far focus on the psychiatric and addictive concerns of the physician, from the point of view of the sick doctor as being at risk for malpractice and to guarantee the safety of their patients. The narrative review of scientific literature (MEDLINE, EMBASE and IME 1985-2016) has shown that we do not have in the Spanish-speaking environment updated information about the doctor as a patient, despite being a topic of incipient media repercussion and undoubtedly relevant from the point of view of patient safety, professionalism and medical ethics and as well as the welfare of professionals. The characteristic of a sick doctor are more complex than the rest of patients with a conflict of roles and repercussions on professional ethics and the quality of care.

Resumo: A idiossincrasia da profissão médica, as características de personalidade característica do médico e a falta de formação específica para reconhecer e, corretamente, tratar a própria vulnerabilidade, predispõem esse grupo a sofrer mais patologias mentais, e provavelmente tratamento deficiente de outras doenças. A maioria dos estudos realizados até agora tem como foco a patologia mental e o comportamento aditivo do médico, do ponto de vista do risco por negligência e segurança de seus pacientes. A revisão narrativa da literatura científica realizada (MEDLINE, EMBASE e IME 1985-2016) tem mostrado que no ambiente de idioma hispânico temos apenas informações atualizadas sobre o médico como paciente, apesar de ser uma questão de relevância inquestionável do ponto de vista da segurança assistencial, do profissionalismo e do próprio bem-estar dos profissionais. A situação do médico enfermo é complexa e pouco conhecida, com conflito de papéis e impacto sobre a ética profissional e a qualidade dos cuidados médicos. São necessários mais estudos, tanto quantitativos como qualitativos, que permitam compreender o processo do adoecimento dos médicos em cada um dos seus estágios profissionais (desde a graduação até a aposentadoria) para ser capaz de considerar estratégias para a melhoria na atenção da saúde desses profissionais.

An Integrative Review of Korean Nursing Studies on Pediatric Tonsillectomy

PURPOSE: Tonsillectomy is a very common surgical procedure, particularly in children. The purpose of this study was to identify current evidence in nursing research on pediatric tonsillectomy by analyzing and evaluating Korean nursing studies related to pediatric tonsillectomy. METHODS: An integrative literature review of Korean pediatric tonsillectomy research was conducted. Databases were searched to identify research that related to nursing care for pediatric tonsillectomy children. RESULTS: Of the 115 studies identified, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. All studies were experimental studies and most of those studies had a quasi experimental design. No correlational studies or qualitative studies were found. Providing nursing information and education for children and their mothers at pre, during, and post tonsillectomy by pediatric nurses were found to be effective in reducing children's pain and anxiety and their mother's anxiety and uncertainty, and increasing children's appropriate sick role behaviors and their mother's satisfaction with nursing services provided and knowledge related to tonsillectomy. CONCLUSION: Although most studies reported positive effects in terms of post tonsillectomy outcomes, lack of methodological rigor limits the current evidences for pediatric tonsillectomy nursing interventions. Greater attention to improve methodological rigor for Korean research on pediatric tonsillectomy is needed.

Effects of an Individualized Cardiac Rehabilitation Education Program on Knowledge about Coronary Artery Disease, Compliance of Sick Role, and Vascular Health Status in Patients of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of an individualized cardiac rehabilitation education program on knowledge about coronary artery disease (CAD), compliance of sick role and vascular health status in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: Quasi-experimental design-based nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed. Using convenience sampling, data were collected from 60 patients who underwent PCI at S Hospital in S City from September 2014 to February 2015. For examining the effects of an individualized cardiac rehabilitation education program, knowledge about CAD, compliance of sick role and vascular health status were measured. RESULTS: The experimental group showed statistically significant differences in knowledge about CAD (t=24.21, p<.001), compliance with sick role (t=20.81, p<.001) and vascular health status (t=15.07, p<.001) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: The individualized cardiac rehabilitation education program is effective in improving knowledge about CAD, compliance of sick role and vascular health status in patients who underwent PCI. Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on individualized approach will be useful for patients undergoing PCI.

The Effect of a Discharge Education Program for Readmitted Chemotherapy Patients on Compliance with Sick Role Behavior and Educational Satisfaction

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a discharge education program for hospitalized readmitted patients with chemotherapy-in terms of sick role behavior and educational satisfaction. METHODS: The data were collected with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design and were analyzed with a nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design. The subjects included 49 patients with cancer, 25 in the experimental group, and 24 in the control group. Data were analyzed with spss win 21, chi2-tests, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests. RESULTS: The experimental group was educated according to their needs at discharge, and they showed higher compliance with sick role behavior. CONCLUSION: To improve compliance with sick role behavior, readmitted hematologic neoplasms chemotherapy patients should receive discharge education according to their needs at the clinic by using an educational manual.

El cotidiano del cuidador familiar del adulto mayor con dependencia: reconfi gurando el espacio / Everyday family caregiver of older adults with dependence: reconfi guring space

Introducción: El cuidador familiar de un adulto mayor dependiente, al brindar cuidados durante las 24 horas del día, se enfrenta a situaciones complejas que pueden deteriorar su salud. Objetivos: Describir, analizar e interpretar el cotidiano del cuidador familiar del adulto mayor con dependencia. Metodología: Es una investigación de abordaje cualitativo; se realizó con ocho cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores con dependencia. La información se obtuvo a través de entrevistas a profundidad con un cuestionario de preguntas semiestructuradas. Se realizó análisis temático según Minayo, a partir del que se construyeron las categorías y subcategorías de las unidades temáticas. Resultados: Emergieron dos categorías: “tiempo y espacio síntesis de lo vivido”, y “simbolizando el cuidado”. En el presente artículo se describe la subcategoría “reconfi gurando el espacio” de la categoría “tiempo y espacio síntesis de lo vivido”. Conclusiones: Los discursos refl ejaron que el cuidador familiar en su cotidiano se enfrenta a diversas situaciones, como compartir el espacio con el adulto mayor, así como introducir diferentes objetos como equipo médico y ayudas técnicas para poder brindar un cuidado seguro

Introduction: A family caregiver of a dependent elder providing care for 24 hours a day faces complex situations that can damage his/her health. Objective: To describe, analyze and interpret the day-today of a family caregiver of a dependent elder. Methodology: A qualitative research approach was conducted with eight family caregivers of older adults with dependence. The information was obtained through in-depth interviews with a questionnaire of semi-structured questions. Thematic analysis was performed according to Minayo, from which the categories and sub-categories of thematic units were built. Results: Two categories emerged: “time and space synthesis of lived experience”, and “symbolizing care”. The present article describes the subcategory “reconfi guring space” of the category “time and space synthesis of lived experience”. Conclusions: The speeches refl ected that the family caregiver faces various situations in his/her day-to day, such as sharing space with the elder, as well as introducing different objects such as medical equipment and assistive devices to provide safe care

Necessidades espirituais da pessoa doente hospitalizada: revisão integrativa / Necesidades espirituales de la persona enferma hospitalizada: revisión integrativa / The Spiritual Needs of Ailing Hospitalized Patients: An Integrative Review

A espiritualidade é intrínseca ao ser humano e manifesta-se também associada à doença, à perda ou quando o ser humano é confrontado com o sofrimento ou a morte. Como a expressão das necessidades espirituais não se processa de igual forma na pessoa saudável ou doente, a sua atenção requer uma intervenção rigorosa e profissional. Objetivos: identificar necessidades espirituais da pessoa hospitalizada e conceitos de espiritualidade. Método: revisão integrativa de dez estudos quantitativos e qualitativos sobre necessidades espirituais, publicados no período de 2004 a 2011 nas bases de dados (EBSCO, MEDLINE, SAGE e B-ON), orientada pelas questões: quais as necessidades espirituais da pessoa hospitalizada e os conceitos de espiritualidade utilizados nos estudos selecionados? Resultados: da análise dos artigos emergiram as seguintes necessidades espirituais: procura de sentido na doença e sofrimento; estar em relação com os outros e com o Ser Superior, o que indica presença evidente de valores, crenças espirituais, fé, esperança e necessidades religiosas, associadas aos conceitos: sentido de vida, relacionamentos, transcendência e práticas religiosas. Conclusões: os doentes podem expressar as suas necessidades espirituais por meio das formas mais sutis. Os enfermeiros devem avaliar as necessidades espirituais de "mente aberta" e serem capazes de proporcionar a assistência mais adequada.

La espiritualidad es intrínseca al ser humano y se manifiesta también asociada a la enfermedad, la pérdida o cuando el ser humano se enfrenta con el sufrimiento o la muerte. Como la expresión de las necesidades espirituales no se procesa de igual forma en la persona sana o enferma, su atención requiere una intervención rigurosa y profesional. Objetivos: identificar necesidades espirituales de la persona hospitalizada y conceptos de espiritualidad. Método: revisión integrativa de diez estudios cuantitativos y cualitativos sobre necesidades espirituales, publicados en el período del 2004 al 2011 en las bases de datos (EBSCO, MEDLINE, SAGE y B-ON), orientada por las interrogantes: ¿Cuáles son las necesidades espirituales de la persona hospitalizada y los conceptos de espiritualidad utilizados en los estudios seleccionados? Resultados: del análisis de los artículos emergieron las siguientes necesidades espirituales: busca de sentido en la enfermedad y sufrimiento; estar en relación con los otros y con el Ser Superior, lo que señala presencia evidente de valores, creencias espirituales, fe, esperanza y necesidades religiosas, asociadas a los conceptos: sentido de vida, relaciones, transcendencia y prácticas religiosas. Conclusiones: los enfermos pueden expresar sus necesidades espirituales por medio de las formas más sutiles. Los enfermeros deben evaluar las necesidades espirituales de "mente abierta" y ser capaces de proporcionar la asistencia más adecuada.

Spirituality is intrinsic to human beings and is also manifest in association with illness, loss or when man is faced with suffering or death. Because those who are ill do not process the expression of spiritual needs the same way as healthy persons, their care requires thorough and professional intervention. Objectives: This study is designed to identify the spiritual needs of hospitalized patients and concepts of spirituality. Methodology: It involves an integrative review of ten quantitative studies on spiritual needs published from 2004 to 2011 in databases (EBSCO, MEDLINE, SAGE and B -ON). The guiding question was: What are the spiritual needs of a hospitalized person and the concepts of spirituality used in the selected studies? Results: An analysis of the articles revealed several spiritual needs; namely, the search for meaning in illness and suffering, and being in relationship with others and with God, signaling the obvious presence of values, spiritual beliefs, faith, hope and religious needs associated with the concepts of the meaning of life, relationships, transcendence and religious practices. Conclusions: Patients are able to express their spiritual needs through the most subtle of ways. Nurses must assess spiritual needs with an "open mind" and be able to provide the appropriate assistance.

Cuidado clínico de enfermagem em saúde mental: reflexões sobre a prática do enfermeiro / Cuidados de enfermería clínica en salud mental: reflexiones sobre una enfermera practica / Clinical care nursing in mental health: reflections on a practice nurse

Objective: Understand how clinical care in nursing can develop into a perspective that considers the person in distress as subject of this practice. Method: Work result of workshop with 17 nurses who work in the day-care Center of Fortaleza. Results: Through analysis of the lines of the nurses at the workshop, we come to the elaboration of the following categories: that subject matter. Subject and listening for who cares. The workshop allowed the nurses approach of other theoretical and methodological references to conceptualize the subject beyond Cartesian as, for example, the reference of psychoanalysis, allowing the nurse recognizes that the process of care is complex and demand actions based on the uniqueness of each subject. Conclusion: psychoanalysis emerges as a theoretical tool that can contribute to the nurse in this endeavor as it constructs a listening space, whose knowledge is supposed to be the person who speaks.

Objetivo: Compreender como o cuidado clínico em enfermagem pode ser desenvolvido em uma perspectiva que considere a pessoa em sofrimento psíquico como sujeito dessa prática. Método: Trabalho resultado da oficina com 17 enfermeiros que atuam no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Fortaleza/CE. Resultados: Mediante análise das falas dos enfermeiros na oficina, chegamos à elaboração das seguintes categorias: De que sujeito se trata? Sujeito e Escuta e a Escuta de quem cuida. A oficina permitiu que os enfermeiros se aproximassem de outros referenciais teóricos e metodológicos que conceituam o sujeito para além do cartesiano como, por exemplo, o referencial da psicanálise, possibilitando que o enfermeiro reconheça que o processo de cuidar é complexo e demanda ações pautadas na singularidade de cada sujeito. Conclusão: A psicanálise surge como ferramenta teórica que pode contribuir com o enfermeiro nessa empreitada, pois constrói um espaço de escuta, cujo saber é suposto ao sujeito que fala.

Objetivo: Comprender cómo clínico cuidados en enfermería puede ser convertido en una perspectiva que considera a la persona en apuros como sujeto de esta práctica. Método: Trabajo resultado del taller con 17 enfermeras que trabajan en el centro de cuidado diurno de Fortaleza. Resultados: A través del análisis de las líneas de las enfermeras en el taller, llegamos a la elaboración de las siguientes categorías: ese tema? Tema y escuchando y escuchando a quién le importa. El taller permitió las enfermeras enfoque de otras referencias teóricas y metodológicas para conceptualizar el tema más allá de cartesiano como, por ejemplo, la referencia del psicoanálisis, permitiendo la enfermera reconoce que el proceso de cuidado es complejo y las acciones de demanda basan en la singularidad de cada sujeto. Conclusión: Psicoanálisis emerge como una herramienta teórica que puede contribuir a la enfermera en este esfuerzo como construye un espacio de escuchando, cuyo conocimiento se supone que quien habla.

Estrés en niños con diabetes tipo 1 y sus padres: estilos de afrontamiento con y sin tratamiento psicológico / Stress in Type 1 Diabetic Children and their Parents: Coping Styles with and without Psychological Treatment

La diabetes tipo 1 (DT1) es la enfermedad crónica más frecuente en la infancia que no sólo afecta la salud sino que además, puede generar elevados niveles de estrés en el paciente y en su familia. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los estilos de afrontamiento ante el estrés en niños con DT1 y sus progenitores, comparando un grupo que recibió una intervención psicológica sistematizada con otro de similares características sin intervención psicológica alguna. MÉTODOS: Un total de 34 niños de 9 a 14 años de edad con DT1 y su respectivo progenitor (madre o padre) fueron divididos en dos grupos: 17 bajo tratamiento psicológico sistematizado durante nueve meses y 17 sin dicho tratamiento (grupo control). Se midieron las estrategias con el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento de Lazarus y Folkman adaptado para niños y adultos. RESULTADOS: El grupo de niños y padres bajo intervención psicológica presentó mayores puntajes en las estrategias centradas en el problema que el grupo control; a su vez, este último registró mayores niveles de estrategias no saludables, centradas en la emoción. CONCLUSIONES: El presente estudio evidencia la importancia de una intervención psicológica destinada a mejorar el afrontamiento saludable de la DT1 en los niños afectados y en sus progenitores...

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic disease in childhood. It not only affects health, but also creates great stress on both the patient and his/her family as well. OBJECTIVE: To assess the coping styles for stress in children with T1D and their parents, by comparing a group receiving systematic psychological treatmentto a similar one without such treatment. METHODS: There was a sample of 34 T 1D children aged 9 to 14 year sold and one of their parents. Two groups were made: 17 children and their father or mother who undergo a systematic psychological treatment during a nine months period and 17 without such treatment (control group). Lazarus and Folkman questionnaires were used to measure the coping strategies in children and adults. RESULTS: Both children and parents from the group receiving psychological treatment had higher scores on problem-focused strategies than those in the control group, which in turn showed greater levels of emotion-focused un healthy strategies. CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the importance of psychological assistance to improve healthy coping of T1D in children and their parents...

Relación entre conocimiento y actitud del paciente con tuberculosis sobre su enfermedad y tratamiento en el Centro de Salud Piedra Liza 2012 / Relationship between knowledge and attitude of the patient with tuberculosis about their illness and treatment in the Health Center Piedra Liza 2012

En los últimos años, la tuberculosis en vez de desaparecer ha ido en aumento a pesar de los adelantos científicos y tecnológicos, que afecta no solo a la población en extrema pobreza, sino también a la población medianamente no pobre. Por lo que la enfermera debe en el cuidado que proporciona la satisfacción de las demandas y necesidades de los pacientes con TBC, dentro de una concepción holística. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre los conocimientos y actitudes del paciente con tuberculosis sobre su enfermedad y tratamiento. Material y Método: El estudio fue de nivel aplicativo, tipo cuantitativo, método descriptivo correlacional, de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 59 pacientes. La técnica fue la entrevista y el instrumento; la escala Lickert modificada, el cual fue aplicado previo consentimiento informado a los pacientes. Resultados: Del 100 por ciento (59), 71 por ciento (42) conocen sobre tuberculosis, 29 por ciento (17), desconocen y la actitud fue 61 por ciento (36), favorable, 39 por ciento (23), desfavorable. Conclusiones: El mayor porcentaje de los pacientes conocen sobre tuberculosis, referido a; que atacan principalmente a los pulmones, mientras que en cuanto a la actitud el mayor porcentaje fue favorable que está dado porque le incomoda cuando reniega sin razón; para establecer la relación se aplicó la prueba del Chi cuadrado aceptando la hipótesis nula, es decir que no existe relación entre conocimiento y actitud del paciente con tuberculosis sobre su enfermedad y tratamiento.

In recent years, instead of disappearing tuberculosis has been increasing despite the scientific and technological advances, which affects not only the population in extreme poverty, but also moderately non-poor population. So the nurse is providing care in meeting the demands and needs of TB patients within a holistic. The present study aimed to establish the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of patients with tuberculosis about their illness and treatment. Materials and Methods: The study was level application, quantitative, descriptive correlation method, cross-sectional. The population consisted of 59 patients. The technique was the interview and the instrument; modified Lickert scale, which was applied prior informed consent of patients. Results: 100 per cent (59), 71 per cent (42) know about tuberculosis, 29 per cent (17), unknown, and the attitude was 61 per cent (36), favorable, 39 per cent (23), unfavorable. Conclusions: The highest percentage of patients know about tuberculosis, referred to; mainly attacking the lungs, while in terms of attitude was the highest percentage is given favorable bothering you when I curse without cause to establish the relationship was applied chi-square test accepting the null hypothesis, ie no relationship between knowledge and attitudes of TB patient about their disease and treatment.

The Association of Compliance with Sick Role Behavior with Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs Among Hemodialysis Patients

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the association of compliance with sick role behavior with satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and to assess the influence of compliance with sick role behavior among hemodialysis patients. METHODS: Participants included 109 patients from outpatient dialysis clinics at 6 major general hospitals located in urban areas in Korea. Data for compliance with sick role behavior and basic psychological needs were collected through a self-reported questionnaire and was analyzed with independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson' correlation analysis, and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. RESULTS: This study showed positive correlations between compliance with sick role behavior and satisfaction of basic psychological needs (r=0.59, P<0.001). The variables predicting compliance with sick role behavior were relatedness (beta=0.28), autonomy (beta=0.29), competency (beta=0.30), and age (beta=0.24). These variables accounted for 38.2% of the variance of compliance with sick role behavior in hemodialysis patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that it is necessary to improve compliance with sick role behaviorin order to increase satisfaction of basic psychological needs in hemodialysis patients.

La enfermedad como fenómeno social / Disease as a social phenomenon

A disease is an alteration of a healthy state that takes some people by surprise at specific moments of their life, whereas, in other cases, this alteration remains in their body, thus becoming part of their daily life. In these long periods of living together with such a disease, it is not the social and labour events that determine the pace of the subject's life, but the possibilities that generously the powerful disease is granting.

La enfermedad es una alteración de la salud que a unos individuos les sorprende en períodos puntuales de su vida, mientras que en otros, esta alteración se acuartela en su cuerpo, entrando a formar parte de su vida diaria. En estos períodos largos de convivencia con la enfermedad, ya no son los acontecimientos sociales y laborales los que determinan el ritmo del sujeto sino, las posibilidades que generosamente va autorizando la soberanía de la enfermedad en el cuerpo.

The Experiences and Consequences of a Multiple Trauma Event from the Perspective of the Patient / Experiência do paciente politraumatizado e suas consequências / Experiencia del paciente politraumatizado y sus consecuencias

This was an ethnographic investigation with the aim of comprehending the meanings of the trauma experience among multiple trauma patients. The following techniques were used for data collection: direct observation, semi-structured interview and field diary. Biographical narratives were obtained from eleven trauma victims, and ten relatives as secondary informants. The data analysis considered the set of data of each participant and all data of all subjects, searching for differences and similarities. The meanings attributed to the trauma experience are associated with interrelated feelings of fear, insecurity, anger, vulnerability and suffering and to the meanings of quality of life that converge to valorize health and work appreciation and support by social networks. This analysis shows that the concepts and experiences of the trauma are conditioning factors of the health-disease process and they are essential in planning public health actions to meet the needs of individuals.

Esta é uma investigação etnográfica, realizada com o objetivo de compreender os significados da experiência do trauma entre pacientes politraumatizados. Foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas de coleta de dados: observação direta, entrevista semiestruturada e diário de campo. Obtiveram-se narrativas biográficas de 11 pessoas, vítimas de traumas, e 10 familiares, como informantes secundários. A análise dos dados considerou o conjunto dos dados de cada participante e o todo dos dados de todos os sujeitos, buscando por diferenças e similaridades. Os sentidos atribuídos à experiência do trauma se associam a sentimentos inter-relacionados de medo, insegurança, revolta, vulnerabilidade e sofrimento e aos significados de qualidade de vida que convergem para a valorização da saúde, trabalho e apoio pelas redes sociais. Esta análise mostrou que as concepções e vivências do trauma são fatores condicionantes do processo saúde/doença e fundamentais para o planejamento de ações de saúde pública voltadas ao atendimento das necessidades individuais.

Se trata de una investigación etnográfica realizada con el objetivo de comprender los significados de la experiencia del trauma en pacientes politraumatizados. Fueron utilizadas las siguientes técnicas de recolección de datos: observación directa, entrevista semi-estructurada y diario de campo. Obtuvimos narraciones biográficas de 11 personas víctimas de traumas y 10 familiares, como informantes secundarios. El análisis de los datos consideró el conjunto de los datos de cada participante y el todo de los datos de todos los sujetos, buscando diferencias y similitudes. Los sentidos atribuidos a la experiencia del trauma se asocian a sentimientos interrelacionados de miedo, inseguridad, rabia, vulnerabilidad y sufrimiento y a los significados de calidad de vida que convergen para la valorización de la salud, trabajo y apoyo por las redes sociales. Este análisis muestra que las concepciones y vivencias del trauma son factores condicionantes del proceso salud-enfermedad y fundamentales para la planificación de acciones de salud pública dirigidas a la atención de las necesidades individuales.

Calidad en Salud: la articulación de contenidos como estrategia en la formación de enfermeros / Quality in health: the articulation of content as a strategy in the training of nurses

La integración de conocimientos en proyectos formulados desde distintos abordajes posibilita la transferencia de aprendizajes, la potenciación de recursos y la creación de alternativas novedosas para la resolución de problemas comunes. El tratamiento globalizado, interdisciplinar y de integración de contenidos de aprendizajes involucra una organización curricular general que permite la interpretación unitaria de la realidad. La estructura del conocimiento a construir supone relaciones de dependencia y de independencia de las partes integrantes en un orden de secuencia, estableciendo cuándo ha de hacerse conciliando estos aspectos con intereses de los alumnos para facilitar el aprendizaje significativo. La articulación se da en las asignaturas “Didacticas”, “Administracion”, e “Investigación en Enfermería”. Para evitar la repetición de contenidos, manteniendo una secuenciación lógica y la adecuación a cada disciplina, se desarrollan saberes tratando de hacer la mayor transferencia para el logro de competencias profesionales, respetando los intereses de los educandos en relación con motivaciones específicas. Se aplica el método científico en proyectos educativos, de administración y de investigación donde el estudiante va realizando cambios cuali-cuantitativos en su estructura congnitiva, que lo llevan progresivamente a resolver problemas más complejos en escenarios comunes con un enfoque totalizador. El trabajo conjunto de docentes y alumnos posibilita la elaboración de proyectos interdisciplinarios que tratan cuestiones comunes, pero con abordajes científicos diferentes, considerando las áreas de competencia. Formar para el desarrollo de competencias profesionales implica necesariamente articular saberes en un todo coherente y significativo que dé respuestas a las necesidades que plantea el sector salud en la atención de enfermería, dirigida al paciente, la familia y la comunidad.

Different approaches taken by projects enable the integration of knowledge and eases the transfer of learning, resources are better exploited and new alternatives are found to solve common problems. A global, interdisciplinary andintegrated approach implies a general curricular organization that interprets reality, The structure of the knowledge to be constructed presupposes both dependent and independent relationships among parties in sequencial order, establishing whenthey are to be taken and conciliating such aspects with students’ interests so that meaningful knowledge is facilitated.The articulation takes place in: Didactics, Management and Research in Nursing. In order to avoid repeating contents, keeping a logical sequencing and an adaptation to each of the disciplines, different kinds of knowledge are dealt with maximizing transferto achieve professional competence, respecting at the same time students’ interests as regards specific motivations. A scientific method is applied to educational, management and research projects and quali-quantitative changes in students progressivelylead them to the overall resolution of more complex problems and scenarios.The joint work of staff and students makes the elaboration of interdisciplinary projects possible. Those projects deal with commonconcerns but taking into account different scientific approaches according to the area of competence. To educate in the development of professional competence necessarily implies articulatind different types of knowledge into a meaningful andcoherent whole that may provide the answers to the needs posed by the health area, in nursing care towards the patient, the family and the community.

Complicaciones neuropsiquiátricas causadas por rechazo agudo de transplante de órgano: experiencias de un paciente-psiquiatra / Neuropsychiatric complications of hyperacute transplant rejection: a psychiatrist-patient experience and a brief literature review

In this clinical case, the patient (a psychiatrist and one of the authors) experienced a variety of hyperacute medical and neuro-psychiatric complications after kidney transplant rejection. The patientÆs personal reflections and observations, communications with his wife, descriptions of clinical and experiential events, and medical interventions at different stages of the process are presented. Literature on the phenomenology of these complications and the bio-psycho-socio-cultural factors at play are reviewed. The unique perception of the psychiatristÆs own experience lends support to recommendations regarding roles of different discipline members of the transplant team, and procedures for adequate clinical management of kidney transplant rejection.

El paciente cuyo caso se examina en esta presentación, médico psiquiatra y uno de los autores del articulo, experimentó una variedad de complicaciones médicas y neuropsiquiátricas agudas luego de ser sometido a cirugía de trasplante de riñón. Sus reflexiones y observaciones personales, así como su descripción de eventos clínicos y experienciales, intervenciones médicas en diferentes estadíos del proceso y la estrecha comunicación verbal y escrita con su esposa son materia de comentario y análisis. Se revisa la literatura en torno a la fenomenología de estas complicaciones y a los factores bio-psico-socio-culturales en juego. La singular percepción de estas experiencias por parte del psiquiatra como paciente respaldan una serie de sugerencias y recomendaciones en relación al papel de diferentes profesionales miembros del equipo de trasplante y a procedimientos destinados a un adecuado manejo clínico de las manifestaciones de rechazo de órganos trasplantados.

Conocimiento de los enfermos sobre sus derechos y deberes en el proceso de atención en la E S E Hospital Universitario de Santander / Knowledge of in-patients on their rights and duties at hospital services in the HUS

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los enfermos sobre sus derechos y deberes durante el proceso de atención en la Empresa Social del Estado Hospital Universitario de Santander (ESE-HUS). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una encuesta tranversal en 333 enfermos de los diferentes servicios de la ESE-HUS que evaluaba el conocimiento sobre sus deberes y derechos en el proceso de atención. Resultados: El 83,2% de las personas afirmaron no conocer los derechos de los enfermos y el 82,3% los deberes. De las que afirmaron conocer los derechos y deberes, el 31% tenían buenos conocimientos, 52,1% regulares y 16,9% deficientes. Conclusión: La mayoría de los enfermos que acceden a los servicios del ESE-HUS no conocían sus derechos y deberes

Objective: to determine how much users know about the patients' rights and duties during hospitalization at E. S.E HUS. Materiales and methods: a cross survey was conducted among 333 patients of different areas of E.S.E HUS asking about patients' rights and duties. Results: 83.2% of respondents reported not knowing about patients' rights, and 82.3% reported not knowing about patients' duties. Of respondents with knowledge about patients' rights and duties, 31% had good knowledge, 52.1% had fair knowledge and 16.9% had defficient knowledge. Conclusion: Most patients reported not knowing about their rights and duties